Timed topical dexamethasone eye drops improve mitochondrial function to prevent severe retinopathy of prematurity.

Pathological neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) can cause visual impairment in preterm infants. Current ROP treatments which are not preventative and only address late neovascular ROP, are costly and can lead to severe complications. We showed that topical 0.

Mitochondrial control of hypoxia-induced pathological retinal angiogenesis.

Objective: Pathological retinal neovascularization is vision-threatening. In mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) we sought to define mitochondrial respiration changes longitudinally during hyperoxia-induced vessel loss and hypoxia-induced neovascularization, and to test interventions addressing those changes to prevent neovascularization.

Methods: OIR was induced in C57BL/6J mice and retinal vasculature was examined at maximum neovessel formation.

Timed topical dexamethasone eye drops improve mitochondrial function to prevent severe retinopathy of prematurity.

Pathological neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) can cause visual impairment in preterm infants. Current ROP treatments which are not preventative and only address late neovascular ROP, are costly and can lead to severe complications. We showed that topical 0.

Enhancing forensic investigations: Identifying bloodstains on various substrates through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms.

The forensic analysis of bloodstains on various substrates plays a crucial role in criminal investigations. This study presents a novel approach for analyzing bloodstains using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in combination with machine learning. ATR-FTIR offers non-destructive and non-invasive advantages, requiring minimal sample preparation.

The influence of weightlifting belts and wrist straps on deadlift kinematics, time to complete a deadlift and rating of perceived exertion in male recreational weightlifters: An observational study.

Both weightlifting belts and wrist straps are commonly used weightlifting training aids but their effects on deadlift kinematics and performance were still not known. This study examined the effects of weightlifting belts and wrist straps on the kinematics of the deadlift exercise, time to complete a deadlift and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in male recreational weightlifters.This study used a repeated-measures, within-subjects design.

Does scrolling affect measurement equivalence of electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROM)? Results of a quantitative equivalence study.

Background: Scrolling is a perceived barrier in the use of bring your own device (BYOD) to capture electronic patient reported outcomes (ePROs). This study explored the impact of scrolling on the measurement equivalence of electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) in the presence and absence of scrolling.

Methods: Adult participants with a chronic condition involving daily pain completed ePROMs on four devices with different scrolling properties: a large provisioned device not requiring scrolling; two provisioned devices requiring scrolling - one with a "smart-scrolling" feature that disabled the "next" button until all information was viewed, and a second without this feature; and BYOD with smart-scrolling.

Evolution of the AMCP Format for Formulary Submissions.

No funding was required for this project. The authors are or have been members of the Format Executive Committee.

The Rap2c GTPase facilitates B cell receptor-induced reorientation of the microtubule-organizing center.

When B lymphocytes encounter antigen-bearing surfaces, B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling initiates remodeling of the F-actin network and reorientation of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) towards the antigen contact site. We have previously shown that the Rap1 GTPase, an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell polarity, is essential for these processes and that Rap1-regulated actin remodeling is required for MTOC polarization. The role of Rap2 proteins in establishing cell polarity is not well understood.

The Rap1-cofilin-1 pathway coordinates actin reorganization and MTOC polarization at the B cell immune synapse.

B cells that bind antigens displayed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) form an immune synapse, a polarized cellular structure that optimizes the dual functions of the B cell receptor (BCR), signal transduction and antigen internalization. Immune synapse formation involves polarization of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) towards the APC. We now show that BCR-induced MTOC polarization requires the Rap1 GTPase (which has two isoforms, Rap1a and Rap1b), an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell polarity, as well as cofilin-1, an actin-severing protein that is regulated by Rap1.

Cross sectional and nuclear medicine imaging of pancreatic insulinomas.

Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors which occur predominantly in the pancreas. Although majority of the insulinomas are benign, over-secretion of insulin by the tumor leads to debilitating hypoglycemic symptoms. The diagnosis is based on clinical and biochemical findings.

18-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission computed tomography as predictive of response after chemoradiation in oesophageal cancer patients.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if a baseline, an interim or a post-chemoradiation (CTRT) 18-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) studies could provide information on pathologic response to CTRT and overall survival (OS).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-one patients with histologically proven adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus, fit for trimodality therapy were prospectively enrolled. Most were men (93.

In-lake measures for phosphorus control: The most feasible and cost-effective solution for long-term management of water quality in urban lakes.

Both in-lake and catchment measures designed to reduce phosphorus (P) loading were implemented as part of a 12.3 million USD restoration project for the Minneapolis Chain of lakes in Minnesota (USA). Treatment wetlands, 'in-pipe' measures, and in-lake aluminum sulfate (alum) treatment were applied to restore water quality in the four urban lakes.

Are peripherally inserted central catheters associated with increased risk of adverse events in status 1B patients awaiting transplantation on continuous intravenous milrinone?

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are used to deliver continuous intravenous (IV) milrinone in stage D heart failure (HF) patients awaiting heart transplantation (HT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed PICC adverse events (AEs) and associated cost in 129 status 1B patients from 2005 to 2012. End points were HT, left ventricular assist device (LVAD), and death.

The effects of exposure to traumatic stressors on inhibitory control in police officers: a dense electrode array study using a Go/NoGo continuous performance task.

Exposure to psychologically stressful and traumatic experiences and the requirement of heightened attention to environmental stimuli are common in police work. Police officers are at increased risk for stress-related disorders such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Traumatic experiences can result in changes to brain structure and function associated with attention and cognitive control processes (such as response inhibition).

Developing primary care in Hong Kong: evidence into practice and the development of reference frameworks.

Enhancing primary care is one of the proposals put forward in the Healthcare Reform Consultation Document "Your Health, Your Life" issued in March 2008. In 2009, the Working Group on Primary Care, chaired by the Secretary for Food and Health, recommended the development of age-group and disease-specific primary care conceptual models and reference frameworks. Drawing on international experience and best evidence, the Task Force on Conceptual Model and Preventive Protocols of the Working Group on Primary Care has developed two reference frameworks for the management of two common chronic diseases in Hong Kong, namely diabetes and hypertension, in primary care settings.

Ultrasonography should not guide the timing of thyroidectomy in pediatric patients diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome 2A through genetic screening.

Background: American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines suggest that thyroidectomy can be delayed in some children with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome 2A (MEN2A) if serum calcitonin (Ct) and neck ultrasonography (US) are normal. We hypothesized that normal US would not exclude a final pathology diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).

Methods: We retrospectively queried a MEN2A database for patients aged<18 years, diagnosed through genetic screening, who underwent preoperative US and thyroidectomy at our institution, comparing preoperative US and Ct results with pathologic findings.

The reference framework for diabetes care in primary care settings.

Diabetes has been evolving as a worldwide epidemic and constitutes one of the important global burdens of diseases. The reference framework for diabetes care has been produced by the Task Force on Conceptual Model and Preventive Protocols of the Working Group on Primary Care, so as to enhance the clinical care for diabetes patients. The guideline emphasises a comprehensive, coordinated approach with interdisciplinary collaboration between major primary care stakeholders throughout the life of the patient.

Validating Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire v2.1 in episodic and chronic migraine.

Objective: To provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Version 2.1 (MSQ) for use in chronic migraine (CM) in adults.

Background: MSQ is one of the most frequently utilized disease-specific tools assessing impact of migraine on health-related quality of life (HRQL).

Rasch analysis in the development of a simplified version of the National Eye Institute Visual-Function Questionnaire-25 for utility estimation.

Purpose: Preference-based health measures value how people feel about the desirability of a health state. Generic measures may not effectively capture the impact of vision loss from ocular diseases. Disease-targeted measures could address this limitation.

Pathologic T0N1 esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy and surgery: an orphan status.

Background: Patients with esophageal carcinoma who appear to have a complete response at the primary tumor site after undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may still have residual disease in regional lymph nodes despite clinically negative restaging (ypT0N1). We hypothesized that these patients would have similar survival to patients with incomplete response to therapy.

Methods: We reviewed 336 esophageal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by complete resection.

Usability of a virtual reality environment simulating an automated teller machine for assessing and training persons with acquired brain injury.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the usability of a newly designed virtual reality (VR) environment simulating the operation of an automated teller machine (ATM) for assessment and training.

Design: Part I involved evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of a non-immersive VR program simulating an ATM (VR-ATM). Part II consisted of a clinical trial providing baseline and post-intervention outcome assessments.

A fatality from an oral ingestion of methamphetamine.

The case presented is of a 49-year-old white male decedent who admitted to oral ingestion of methamphetamine. He believed he was being followed by the police while walking his daughter to school in the morning and swallowed the "8-ball of meth," which is known to be one-eighth of an ounce or the equivalent of about 3 g. The following autopsy specimens were analyzed for the presence of methamphetamine and amphetamine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: femoral blood, urine, bile, vitreous fluid, brain, liver, and gastric contents.

Cost of illness of glaucoma: a critical and systematic review.

Cost-of-illness studies determine the total financial burden of a disease by considering direct and indirect costs, including medication, diagnostics and surgery. Studies of resource use and costs associated with primary open-angle glaucoma have used varying methodologies. Most have focused on consumption of healthcare resources at various stages of disease to anticipate costs.