Cytokines and inflammatory biomarkers and their association with post-operative delirium: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Delirium is a prevalent cognitive disorder among older patients and a common phenomenon following major surgical procedures. This study aimed to identify the significant proteomic biomarkers and examine their association with postoperative delirium (POD). Four electronic databases were used to identify the published articles between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2023.

Emerging burden of post-cancer therapy complications on unplanned hospitalisation and costs among Australian cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study over 14 years.

Cancer treatment using systemic therapy and radiotherapy may cause post-therapy complications, resulting in increased unplanned hospitalisation. The evidence on such complications, their impact on unplanned hospitalisations, and associated costs is scant in Australia. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of post-therapy complications, evaluate their impact on unplanned hospitalisation, length of stay (LOS) and investigate the associated medical costs.

Staying active, staying sharp: the relationship between physical activity and health-related quality of life for people living with cognitive impairment.

Background: Physical inactivity is a major global health concern and has been identified as a risk factor for cognitive impairment. In Australia, the long-term relationship between physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with cognitive impairment remains under researched. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by using data from a population-based longitudinal study.

Cognitive impairment and self-reported health outcomes among older adults: Longitudinal evidence from Australia.

Background: Australia's population is ageing, with forecasts indicating that individuals aged 65 years and over will account for >20 % of the total population by 2066. Ageing is strongly linked with a significant decrease in cognitive capabilities. This study aimed to explore the association between cognitive impairment and four types of health outcomes among older Australians.

Beyond the sum of their parts: The combined association of dementia and chronic pain with self-care limitations in older Australians.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between dementia, chronic pain and self-care limitations. Additionally, the study sought to explore the relationship of co-occurring dementia and chronic pain with self-care limitations.

Methods: Cross-sectional data derived from the Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers (SDAC) was used to conduct this study.

Socio-economic inequalities in health-related quality of life and the contribution of cognitive impairment in Australia: A decomposition analysis.

Background: The distributional effects of cognitive impairment on inequalities in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are not well studied. This relationship has not been studied in any Australian health inequality literature. Therefore, this study aims to examine how cognitive impairment affects the distribution of HRQoL across various socio-economic classes amongst older Australians.

Common molecular and pathophysiological underpinnings of delirium and Alzheimer's disease: molecular signatures and therapeutic indications.

Background: Delirium and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common causes of cognitive dysfunction among older adults. These neurodegenerative diseases share a common and complex relationship, and can occur individually or concurrently, increasing the chance of permanent mental dysfunction. However, the common molecular pathophysiology, key proteomic biomarkers, and functional pathways are largely unknown, whereby delirium is superimposed on AD and dementia.

Age and Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Chronic Pain and Dementia Among Older Australians.

Objectives: Chronic pain is a highly debilitating condition that affects older adults and has the potential to increase their odds of experiencing cognitive impairment. The primary objective of this study was to examine the correlation between chronic pain and dementia. Additionally, this research endeavors to ascertain whether the association between chronic pain and dementia differs by age and gender.

Assessing health-related quality of life among cancer survivors during systemic and radiation therapy in Bangladesh: a cancer-specific exploration.

Background: Evaluating the effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment on a patient's overall well-being is crucial and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a reliable metric for assessing this impact. Little is known about HRQoL among cancer survivors across various stages and treatments. The study examined individual and clinical factors influencing HRQoL among cancer survivors.

Correction: The cost-effectiveness of controlling cervical cancer using a new 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine among school-aged girls in Australia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Correction: The burden of chronic diseases among Australian cancer patients: Evidence from a longitudinal exploration, 2007-2017.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Exploration of key drug target proteins highlighting their related regulatory molecules, functional pathways and drug candidates associated with delirium: evidence from meta-data analyses.

Background: Delirium is a prevalent neuropsychiatric medical phenomenon that causes serious emergency outcomes, including mortality and morbidity. It also increases the suffering and the economic burden for families and carers. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology of delirium is still unknown, which is a major obstacle to therapeutic development.

Correction: Changes in inequality of childhood morbidity in Bangladesh 1993-2014: A decomposition analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Correction: Cost-effectiveness evaluations of the 9-Valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: Evidence from a systematic review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Metabolic syndrome and surgical complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 million individuals.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by the presence of at least three of the five following components: insulin resistance, obesity, chronic hypertension, elevated serum triglycerides, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. It is estimated to affect 1 in 3 people around the globe and is reported to affect 46% of surgical patients. For people with MetS who undergo surgery, an emerging body of literature points to significantly poorer postoperative outcomes compared with nonaffected populations.

Changes in the prevalence of dementia in Australia and its association with geographic remoteness.

Background: The exact prevalence of dementia in Australia is ambiguous. Australia is a vast continent with a small population, and 80% of the population live in five cities. This study explores recent changes in the prevalence of dementia.

The burden of chronic diseases, disease-stratified exploration and gender-differentiated healthcare utilisation among patients in Bangladesh.

Background: Chronic diseases are considered one of the major causes of illness, disability, and death worldwide. Chronic illness leads to a huge health and economic burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study examined disease-stratified healthcare utilisation (HCU) among Bangladesh patients with chronic diseases from a gender perspective.

Cost-effectiveness of single-inhaler triple therapy for patients with severe COPD: a systematic literature review.

Introduction: Evidence from non-randomized studies shows benefits for single-inhaler users compared with multiple-inhaler users who receive the same medication. As a result, comparative cost-effectiveness studies are required to inform treatment decisions with an increasing choice of medications and devices for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of using a single combination inhaler regimen for patients with severe COPD.

Proportion and associated factors of the utilisation of complementary and alternative medicine exclusively in a hospital in Bangladesh.

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has played a critical role in ensuring universal access to basic health care services around the world. In Bangladesh, conventional medicine is a common approach for health care practices, yet, due to Bangladesh's high out-of-pocket payment, millions of people utilise CAM-based healthcare services for illnesses. In Bangladesh, there is a scarcity of data on how CAM is perceived and utilised.

Meta-Data Analysis to Explore the Hub of the Hub-Genes That Influence SARS-CoV-2 Infections Highlighting Their Pathogenetic Processes and Drugs Repurposing.

The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 infections is a severe threat to human life and the world economic condition. Although vaccination has reduced the outspread, but still the situation is not under control because of the instability of RNA sequence patterns of SARS-CoV-2, which requires effective drugs. Several studies have suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 infection causing hub differentially expressed genes (Hub-DEGs).

Inequity in psychiatric healthcare use in Australia.

Background: Despite recent substantial mental healthcare reforms to increase the supply of healthcare, mental health inequality in Australia is rising. Understanding of the level of inequity (unmet need gap) in psychiatric service use in Australia's mixed public-private health care system is lacking.

Objective: To present a novel method to measure inequity in the delivery of psychiatric care.

Morbid obesity, multiple long-term conditions, and health-related quality of life among Australian adults: Estimates from three waves of a longitudinal household survey.

This study aims to investigate the impact of morbid obesity and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Data for this study were sourced from three waves (waves 9, 13 and 17) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. The paper analyses 37,887 person-year observations from 19,387 individuals during the period 2009-2017.

Do family and maternal background matter? A multilevel approach to modelling mental health status of Australian youth using longitudinal data.

Purpose: Most previous research place great importance on the influence of family and maternal background on child and adolescents' mental health. However, age of onset studies indicates that the majority of the mental health disease prevalence occurs during the youth years. This study investigates the relationship of family and maternal background, as well as individual circumstance on youth mental health status.