Surgical correction of childhood intermittent exotropia and the risk of developing mental illness.

Purpose: To assess whether successful surgical intervention for intermittent exotropia, or the timing of intervention, has any effect on the development of mental illness.

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: All patients (<19 years of age) diagnosed with intermittent exotropia in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 1994, were reviewed retrospectively.

Prevalence and sex differences of psychiatric disorders in young adults who had intermittent exotropia as children.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and sex differences of mental disorders diagnosed among young adults who had intermittent exotropia (IXT) as children.

Methods: The medical records of all children (<19 years) diagnosed as having IXT as residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 1994, and their randomly selected nonstrabismic birth- and sex-matched controls (1:1) were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: A mental health disorder was diagnosed in 97 (53.

How well do headache patients remember? A comparison of self-report measures of headache frequency and severity in patients with migraine.

Objective: To compare patient recall of migraine headache frequency and severity over 4 weeks prior to a return visit as reported in an interval questionnaire vs a daily diary.

Background: Many therapeutic decisions in the management of migraine patients are based on patient recall of response to treatment. As consistent completion of a daily headache diary is problematic, we have assessed the reliability of patient recall in a 1-time questionnaire.

Anatomy of the patent foramen ovale for the interventionalist.

Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is an interatrial communication whose management is controversial. Several manufacturers have submitted protocols for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of their PFO closure device. The purpose of this study was to define anatomy relevant to percutaneous PFO closure, validate the clinical observation that most PFOs contain little tissue rim at the aorta, comment on proposed closure guidelines, and to discuss approaches to PFO closure.

Mental illness in young adults who had strabismus as children.

Objective: We investigated the prevalence and types of psychiatric disorders diagnosed by early adulthood among patients who had common forms of strabismus as children.

Methods: The medical records of children (<19 years) who were diagnosed as having esotropia (N = 266) or exotropia (N = 141) while residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 1994, were reviewed retrospectively for psychiatric disease diagnoses. Each case subject was compared with a randomly selected, individually birth- and gender-matched, control subject from the same population.