The visual outcomes and corneal biomechanical properties after PRK and SMILE in low to moderate myopia.

Purpose: To compare the corneal biomechanical parameters, visual outcome, and epithelial remodeling after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for low to moderate myopia.

Design: Prospective, interventional, randomized, comparative study.

Methods: Eighty eyes of 40 patients undergoing bilateral SMILE or PRK for low to moderate myopia (<-5 D SE) were included.

Comparative Evaluation of Topical Monotherapy (Natamycin or Natasol) and Combination Therapy (Natamycin and Voriconazole) in Mild-Moderate Fungal Keratitis.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of monotherapy (natamycin 5% or Natasol 1%) versus combination therapy (natamycin 5% and voriconazole 1%) in the treatment of mild-moderate fungal keratitis.

Methods: In a prospective, comparative, interventional study, 60 eyes of 60 patients with mild-moderate fungal keratitis were included and randomized in 3 groups based on the topical antifungal therapy received: group 1, natamycin 5%; group 2, Natasol 1% (1% w/v aqueous natamycin); and group 3, combination of natamycin 5% and voriconazole 1%.

Results: 51 of 60 cases (85%) resolved with medical management only.

Comparative evaluation of biomechanical changes and aberration profile following accelerated collagen cross-linking using hypo-osmolar and iso-osmolar riboflavin: A prospective study.

Purpose: To compare the changes encountered in corneal biomechanics and aberration profile following accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using hypo-osmolar and iso-osmolar riboflavin in corneal thicknesses of <400 and >400 microns, respectively.

Methods: This is a prospective, interventional, comparative study involving 100 eyes of 75 patients with progressive keratoconus. Eyes were divided into two groups based on corneal thickness: group 1 included eyes with a corneal thickness of <400 microns who underwent hypo-osmolar CXL, and group 2 included eyes with a corneal thickness of >400 microns who underwent iso-osmolar CXL.

Comparative Evaluation of Topographic Parameters Using Three Different Topographers in Keratoconic and Cross-linked Keratoconic Corneas.

Purpose: To compare the parameters of three different topographic devices (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH; Sirius, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici; and Cassini, i-Optics) in grading the severity of keratoconus in cross-linked and non-cross-linked eyes.

Methods: This was a prospective comparative interventional study done in a tertiary eye care center, wherein 114 eyes of 68 patients with keratoconus were divided into two groups: 62 eyes that were observed and 52 eyes that were cross-linked. All eyes were evaluated on all three topographers at baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.

Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among rural population in Haryana, India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Conducting a study in rural pre-dominant areas will help to understand the penetration of the vaccination campaign during the COVID-19 health crisis. This study aimed to investigate vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among the rural adult population in India and to identify factors associated with vaccination coverage.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the rural population in one district of north India from January to February 2023.

Retinol palmitate in management of chronic Steven-Johnson Syndrome with ocular surface keratinization.

Purpose: To study the outcomes of topical Retinol Palmitate ophthalmic solution in chronic Stevens-Johnson Syndrome with ocular surface keratinisation.

Methods: It was a comparative interventional study conducted at Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, Delhi, India from 2020 to 2022 evaluating outcomes of addition of topical Retinol Palmitate to conventional treatment objectively as well as subjectively from baseline up to 12 weeks.

Results: A statistically significant improvement was seen in patients who received topical Retinol palmitate at 12 weeks in terms of Schirmer-1 test(p=<0.

Assistive technology usage, unmet needs and barriers to access: a sub-population-based study in India.

Background: Assistive technology (AT) is essential to minimize functional limitations. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of needs, met and unmet needs for AT, and barriers to accessing AT among a subnational population in India.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in eight districts, representing four zones of India, using the WHO Rapid Assistive Technology Assessment (rATA) tool.

Impact of Topical Cyclosporine-A or Topical Chloroquine on Post-LASIK Ocular Surface Stability - A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To compare effect of topical cyclosporine-A 0.05% (CsA) and chloroquine phosphate 0.03% (CHQ) as an adjunct to standard therapy in maintaining post-laser assisted keratomileusis (LASIK) ocular surface stability.

Improving assistive technology access to students with low vision and blindness in Delhi: A school-based model.

Purpose: Assistive technology (AT) has recently received considerable attention around the world. Studies have shown poor access to assistive technology for visual impairment (ATVI) in schools for the blind in India. The present article aimed at designing a school-based model to improve AT access in schools and provide hands-on training, and identify types of ocular morbidities present among students.

Intraoperative optical coherence tomography-guided donor corneal tissue assessment and preparation.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (i-OCT) in donor grading, selection, and preparation during different types of keratoplasty.

Methods: Seventy-one consecutive donor corneas collected over 6 months, after clinical grading, were observed by an experienced corneal surgeon under an i-OCT equipped microscope. The donor preparation (manual/automated) for different types of keratoplasty procedures was also undertaken under i-OCT.

Management of descemetocele: Our experience and a simplified treatment algorithm.

Purpose: To formulate a treatment algorithm for the management of descemetocele.

Methods: This was a prospective interventional study that was conducted at a tertiary eye-care center. All consecutive cases of descemetocele during the study period (April 1, 2017-March 31, 2018) were evaluated for the following parameters: age, sex, previous medical or surgical therapy, risk factors, preexisting ocular diseases, location, site and size of descemetocele, interventions undertaken, visual acuity, and the fellow eye status.

The protective role of HSP27 in ocular diseases.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress-induced proteins that are important constituents of the cell's defense system. The activity of HSPs enhances when the cell undergoes undesirable environmental conditions like stress. The protective roles of HSPs are due to their molecular chaperone and anti-apoptotic functions.

Evaluation of Visual Outcome of 2 Phakic Posterior Chamber Implantable Lenses in High Myopia: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes of two phakic intraocular lenses in high myopia.

Methods: A prospective comparative study was undertaken on 50 eyes of 26 patients {age ≥21 years and divided into two groups (implantable collamer lens [ICL] V4c, n=25 eyes and refractive implantable lens [RIL], n=25 eyes)}. Patients were evaluated for uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity, manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), contrast sensitivity, intraocular pressure, dilated fundus examination, trabecular-iris angle (TIA), anterior chamber depth, horizontal white-to-white diameter, wavefront aberrometry, and endothelial cell (EC) count.

Preserving posterior capsular integrity in post-endothelial keratoplasty posterior capsular opacification.

Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) with pseudophakia often presents with late-onset proliferative after-cataract with posterior capsule distension. We performed a modified technique of capsular bag lavage in 11 eyes with late-onset PCO after EK (4 cases: post-DSAEK, 7 cases: post-DMEK). Anterior capsular rim was separated from the underlying IOL optic using MVR blade.

Determination of surgical outcomes with a novel formulation of intrastromal natamycin in recalcitrant fungal keratitis: A pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of water-soluble intrastromal natamycin (IS-NTM) as an adjunct therapy for recalcitrant fungal keratitis.

Methods: This was a prospective interventional pilot study in the setting of a tertiary eye-care center. Twenty eyes of 20 consecutive patients with microbiologically proven recalcitrant fungal keratitis (ulcer size >2 mm, depth >50%, and not responding to topical NTM for 2 weeks) were recruited.

Novel technique of tetra trephination for elliptical-shaped tectonic patch grafts in peripheral sterile keratolysis.

Purpose: To describe a novel technique of tectonic patch grafts for elliptical-shaped peripheral sterile keratolysis with iris prolapse.

Methods: We performed a full thickness corneo-scleral patch graft in five eyes of five patients with elliptical-shaped peripheral sterile keratolysis with perforation and iris tissue prolapse. In this technique, four disposable trephines with predetermined diameter were employed to fashion both the host and the donor without any free-hand dissection.

Complications of small incision lenticule extraction.

The procedure of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) was introduced in 2011, and since then there has been an increase in the number of cases undergoing this procedure worldwide. The surgery has a learning curve and may be associated with problems in the intraoperative and postoperative periods. The intraoperative problems during SMILE surgery include the loss of suction, the occurrence of altered or irregular opaque bubble layer and black spots, difficulty in lenticular dissection and extraction, cap perforation, incision-related problems, and decentered ablation.

Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty with intrascleral haptic-fixated intraocular lens in a sequential vs simultaneous approach.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) with intrascleral haptic-fixated intraocular lens (IOL) in a sequential and simultaneous approach.

Setting: Tertiary eyecare center.

Design: Prospective randomized comparative study.

Femtosecond laser-assisted refractive capsulorhexis - Precise capsulotomy with accurate toric intraocular lens alignment.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with refractive capsulorhexis and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was performed in 14 eyes with senile cataract and a preexisting regular corneal astigmatism of 1.5 D or more. Intraoperatively, the accuracy of the capsular rim marks was confirmed using the digital overlay of CALLISTO Eye and Z Align (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany).