Insect-derived biochar for CO adsorption under humid conditions: Elucidating adsorption mechanisms and competitive interactions with water molecules.

The CO adsorption capacity of biochar depends on the type of biomass used and its physicochemical properties; various sorption parameters including temperature, CO concentration, and humidity affect the CO adsorption capacity. Biochar derived from defatted black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) biomass was investigated for direct CO capture and exhibited a hydrophilic/mesoporous structure that contained high concentrations of alkali and alkaline metals (>10 wt%), which contribute to CO chemisorption. The CO adsorption efficiency was higher at 25 °C compared with that at 30 °C and 35 °C, probably due to reduced Brownian motion of CO molecules at lower temperatures.

Enhanced virucidal activity of facet-engineered Cu-doped TiO nanorods under visible light illumination.

Crystal facet engineering has emerged as a promising approach to enhance photocatalytic activity of semiconductors by preferentially accumulating charge carriers (electrons and holes) on specific facets. This facilitates efficient electron and hole transfer across the semiconductor/cocatalyst interface, enabling their transport to the cocatalyst surface for redox reactions. In this study, three Cu-doped TiO nanorods with small, medium, and large ratios of reductive {110} to oxidative {111} facets were synthesized (namely Cu-TiO-SR, Cu-TiO-MR, and Cu-TiO-LR, respectively).

Establishment of circular economy by utilising textile industry waste as an adsorbent for textile dye removal.

This study explored the use of waste from the textile industry (silkworm byproducts) as a promising raw feedstock for the production of carbon-based adsorbents (biochar). The silk excreta biochar generated at 600 and 700 °C (referred to as SEB-600 and SEB-700, respectively) were evaluated in terms of their efficacy in adsorbing cationic (methylene blue) and anionic (Congo red) textile dyes. Although the functional groups on the surfaces of SEB-600 and SEB-700 were not significantly different, the specific surface area of SEB-700 was greater than that of SEB-600.

Clinicopathological Factors Predicting Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Anti-HER2 Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies have shown effectiveness against HER2-positive breast cancer. This makes neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) a valuable option for treating both early and advanced stages of the disease. The tumor's response to HER2-targeted NAC provides crucial prognostic information.

Sustainable management of medical plastic waste through carbon dioxide-assisted pyrolysis.

To address the challenges associated with medical plastic waste and to characterize its heterogeneity, non-recyclability, and potential biohazard risks, this study explored a carbon dioxide (CO)-assisted pyrolysis process as a sustainable disposal method. Medical plastic waste typically includes polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. To experimentally evaluate the functional reactivity of CO, we employed three pyrolysis setups (one-stage, two-stage, and catalytic processes).

Differential gene expression in the kidneys of SHR and WKY rats after intravenous administration of Akkermansia muciniphila-derived extracellular vesicles.

Although Akkermansia muciniphila (Am) plays a beneficial role as a probiotic in the treatment of metabolic syndrome, the mechanisms remain elusive. We tested the hypothesis that Am extracellular vesicles (AmEVs) protect against hypertension through modulation of gene expression in the kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Extracellular vesicles purified from anaerobically cultured Am (1.

ARNT2 controls prefrontal somatostatin interneurons mediating affective empathy.

Empathy, crucial for social interaction, is impaired across various neuropsychiatric conditions. However, the genetic and neural underpinnings of empathy variability remain elusive. By combining forward genetic mapping with transcriptome analysis, we discover that aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 (ARNT2) is a key driver modulating observational fear, a basic form of affective empathy.

Strategic approach for converting fat-rich food waste into high-quality biodiesel using black soldier fly larvae for sustainable bioenergy.

Food waste (FW) comprises carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water, posing technical challenges for effective treatment and valorisation. This study addresses these challenges by using black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) as a bioconversion medium to transform FW into biodiesel (BD). BSFL predominantly consumed the carbohydrates and proteins in FW (81 wt%), while showing a lower preference for lipids (<50 wt% consumed).

Empowering US healthcare delivery organizations: Cultivating a community of practice to harness AI and advance health equity.

Healthcare delivery organizations (HDOs) in the US must contend with the potential for AI to worsen health inequities. But there is no standard set of procedures for HDOs to adopt to navigate these challenges. There is an urgent need for HDOs to present a unified approach to proactively address the potential for AI to worsen health inequities.

Early Implementation of Exercise to Facilitate Recovery After Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Recovery of shoulder function following breast cancer surgery is crucial for physical functioning and quality of life. While early implementation of shoulder rehabilitation exercises may enhance recovery, the optimal timing and exercise program remain unclear.

Objective: To investigate whether an early exercise intervention, initiated 1 day postsurgery and continued for 1 month through subsequent visits, could improve shoulder range of motion (ROM) and strength in patients with breast cancer.

Frameworks for procurement, integration, monitoring, and evaluation of artificial intelligence tools in clinical settings: A systematic review.

Research on the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in medicine has increased exponentially over the last few years but its implementation in clinical practice has not seen a commensurate increase with a lack of consensus on implementing and maintaining such tools. This systematic review aims to summarize frameworks focusing on procuring, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating AI tools in clinical practice. A comprehensive literature search, following PRSIMA guidelines was performed on MEDLINE, Wiley Cochrane, Scopus, and EBSCO databases, to identify and include articles recommending practices, frameworks or guidelines for AI procurement, integration, monitoring, and evaluation.

Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) on Biomarker Expression in Breast Cancer.

: This study aimed to explore biomarker change after NAC (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and to investigate biomarker expression as a prognostic factor in patients with residual disease (RD) after NAC. : We retrospectively evaluated 104 patients with invasive breast cancer, who underwent NAC and surgery at Pusan National University Hospital from 2015 to July 2022. The expression of the biomarker was assessed, and the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated.

The algorithm journey map: a tangible approach to implementing AI solutions in healthcare.

When integrating AI tools in healthcare settings, complex interactions between technologies and primary users are not always fully understood or visible. This deficient and ambiguous understanding hampers attempts by healthcare organizations to adopt AI/ML, and it also creates new challenges for researchers to identify opportunities for simplifying adoption and developing best practices for the use of AI-based solutions. Our study fills this gap by documenting the process of designing, building, and maintaining an AI solution called SepsisWatch at Duke University Health System.

Akkermansia muciniphila extracellular vesicles have a protective effect against hypertension.

Akkermansia muciniphila (Am) shows a beneficial role as a probiotic in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that Am extracellular vesicles (AmEVs) have a protective effect against hypertension.

Thermochemical conversion of silkworm by-product into syngas.

This study explored the valorisation of silkworm by-product, a major by-product of the silk industry (sericulture), which amounts to 16 million tonnes annually. The focus was on transforming waste into energy resources through pyrolysis under CO conditions. In one-stage pyrolysis, the evolution of syngas under N was found to be comparable to that under CO.

A Nationwide Study on HER2-Low Breast Cancer in South Korea: Its Incidence of 2022 Real World Data and the Importance of Immunohistochemical Staining Protocols.

Purpose: Notable effectiveness of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low advanced breast cancer (BC) has focused pathologists' attention. We studied the incidence and clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-low BC, and the effects of immunohistochemistry (IHC) associated factors on HER2 IHC results.

Materials And Methods: The Breast Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists conducted a nationwide study using real-world data on HER2 status generated between January 2022 and December 2022.

Screw Insertional Torque Measurement in Spine Surgery: Correlation With Bone Mineral Density and Hounsfield Unit.

Objective: Achieving successful fusion during spine surgery is dependent on rigid pedicle screw fixation. To assess fixation strength, the insertional torque can be measured during intraoperative screw fixation. This study aimed to explore the technical feasibility of measuring the insertional torque of a pedicle screw, while investigating its relationship with bone density.