Subnormothermic lung perfusion possibly protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury via the mTORC-HIF-1α pathway.

Background: Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a useful technique for evaluating and repairing donor lungs for transplantation. However, studies examining the effects of perfusate temperature on graft function are limited. Thus, this study aimed to examine these effects during EVLP on ischemic-reperfusion injury in the donor lung.

Transient hyperthermia during ex vivo lung perfusion has no protective effect in rat model.

Background: Although ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a useful technique for evaluating and repairing donor lungs for transplantation, EVLP itself can lead to inflammation in the lung. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have anti-inflammatory effects and can reduce ischemic reperfusion injury in the donor's lungs after transplantation. In this study, the effects of transient hyperthermia during EVLP on the expression of HSPs and inflammatory pathways were examined.

Surgical Complications Affecting the Early and Late Survival Rates after Lung Transplantation.

Since the first lung transplantation in humans was performed in 1963, patient selection, standardized procurement, and surgical techniques have been developed and established for this procedure. However, despite these developments, surgical complications continue to be important factors influencing patient morbidity and mortality, and efforts should be made to decrease morbidity and improve survival rates by understanding, rapidly detecting, and appropriately treating surgical complications.

WITHDRAWN: Effect of Disease Type on Changes in Total Lung Volume After Lung Transplantation.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

The role of postoperative radiotherapy in stage II and III thymoma: a Korean multicenter database study.

Background: Complete resection is a standard treatment for patients with Masaoka-Koga stages II and III thymoma, however the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is controversial. We analyzed data collected from 4 Korean hospitals to determine the effectiveness of PORT in stage II and III thymoma patients.

Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2013, 1,663 patients underwent surgery for thymic tumors at the 4 hospitals.

Impact of extended-criteria donor lungs according to preoperative recipient status and age in lung transplantation.

Background: Organ donor shortage remains as one of the limiting factors for lung transplantation. Given the increase in waiting time, preoperative condition has worsened and affects surgical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate postoperative and long-term outcomes of lung transplantation in extended-criteria donor (ECD) lungs compared with standard-criteria donor (SCD) lungs.

CSF total tau/α-synuclein ratio improved the diagnostic performance for Alzheimer's disease as an indicator of tau phosphorylation.

Background: Recently, several studies suggested potential involvements of α-synuclein in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Higher concentrations of α-synuclein were reported in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients with a positive correlation towards CSF tau, indicating its possible role in AD. We analyzed the CSF biomarkers to verify whether α-synuclein could be an additional supported biomarker in AD diagnosis.

Risk of Bronchial Dehiscence in Lung Transplant Recipients With Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly isolated after lung transplantation. This study observed an increase in bronchial complications after an outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella (KPC-KP).

Methods: The study enrolled 173 patients who had undergone bilateral lung transplantation between 2012 and 2018 to examine the association between bronchial complications after lung transplantation and KPC-KP.

Stepwise flowchart for decision making on sublobar resection through the estimation of spread through air space in early stage lung cancer.

Objectives: The sensitivity for tumor spread through air space (STAS), an independent risk factor for locoregional recurrence after sublobar resection for lung cancer, has been relatively low in frozen sections. We aimed to determine predictors with high negative predictive value for the presence of STAS and to provide the flowchart in combination with these predictors for the decision-making for sublobar resection.

Materials And Methods: Between July 2015 and December 2017, 387 patients who underwent surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with pathologic findings of the total masses measuring ≤ 2 cm were enrolled.

The Effect of Additional Stepwise Venous Inflow on Differential Hypoxia of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Use of femoral-femoral veno-arterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for cardiopulmonary support during lung transplantation can be inadequate for efficient distribution of oxygenated blood into the coronary circulation. We hypothesized that creating a left-to-right shunt flow using veno-arterio-venous (VAV) ECMO would alleviate the differential hypoxia. Total 10 patients undergoing lung transplantation were enrolled in this study.

Feasibility and surgical outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection in patients with advanced-stage lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Unlabelled: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is regarded as the standard treatment for lung cancer. However, the feasibility and safety of VATS for lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is unclear. This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of VATS in patients who had received neoadjuvant CRT.

The lung allocation score could evaluate allocation systems in countries that do not use the score.

Background: Evaluating allocation system effects on lung transplantation and determining systemic flaws is difficult. The purpose of this study was to assess the Korean urgency-based lung allocation system using the lung allocation score.

Methods: We reviewed transplantation patients retrospectively.

Neoadjuvant therapy for thymic neoplasms reduces tumor volume per 3D-reconstructed images but does not improve the complete resection rate.

Objectives: Complete resection of thymic neoplasms is important for achieving a favorable prognosis; however, the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy remains controversial. We investigated the effect of induction therapy on complete resection and survival using 3-dimensionally reconstructed images to measure tumor volume.

Methods: Eighty-nine patients who underwent surgical resection for Masaoka-Koga stage III-IV thymic neoplasms between January 2000 and December 2013 were enrolled, including 71 and 18 in the primary surgery and neoadjuvant therapy groups, respectively.

Effect of Sarcopenic Overweight on Lung Transplant Based in Three-Dimensional Reconstructed Psoas Muscle Mass.

Background: In lung transplantation, preoperative sarcopenia was reported to be associated with short-term outcomes based on cross-sectional image. This study aimed to investigate the influence of psoas muscle mass (PMM) on the operative outcome and survival using three-dimensional reconstruction of PMM and to evaluate the effect of preoperative sarcopenic overweight on postoperative outcomes and survival.

Methods: A total of 107 patients who underwent double lung transplantation in one institute from January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2017, were enrolled.

Comparison of the 11 Japanese classification and the AJCC 7 and 8 staging systems in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Although the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system has been used worldwide for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), another staging system has been proposed by Japanese surgeons. The two systems have different lymph node maps, N staging, and stage grouping. This retrospective study compared the predictive ability of these two staging systems for survival.

Risk Factors for Weight Loss 1 Year After Esophagectomy and Gastric Pull-up for Esophageal Cancer.

Background: Loss of body weight is regarded as a marker of malnutrition after esophagectomy. This study investigated changes in body weight and risk factors for weight loss after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 181 patients who underwent esophagectomy and gastric pull-up from 2012 to June 2016.

Near-Infrared Lymphatic Mapping of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Nodes in T1 Esophageal Cancer.

Background: It is still unclear that dissection of recurrent laryngeal nerve nodes is mandatory in patients with cT1 middle or lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma when the nodes are negative in preoperative staging workup. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of near-infrared image-guided lymphatic mapping of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve nodes.

Methods: The day before operation, we injected indocyanine green (ICG) into the submucosal layer by endoscopy.

Prognostic factors for resected non-small cell lung cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: For diabetic patients with lung cancer, blood glucose levels and medications such as metformin and statins may influence survival.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine prognostic survival factors for diabetic patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2005 and December 2013, 301 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer were identified and reviewed retrospectively.

Outcomes of perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use in patients undergoing lung transplantation.

Background: The aim of this single-center study is to review the transplant outcomes of patients receiving lung transplantation (LTx) using intraoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) according to the perioperative use of ECMO.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the transplant outcomes of 107 consecutive patients who underwent LTx using intraoperative ECMO between March 2013 and August 2016 at Severance Hospital of Yonsei University (Seoul, Korea).

Results: Patients were divided into the following three groups according to the use of perioperative ECMO: only intraoperative ECMO (n=47) or extended post-operative ECMO but no bridging and no postoperative ECMO re-implantation (secondary ECMO; n=28) as Group A (n=75); bridging ECMO without secondary ECMO (n=14) as Group B; and secondary ECMO with (n=7) or without (n=11) bridging as Group C.

Risk Factor Analysis for Intraoperative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Weaning Failure After Lung Transplantation.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been widely used for hemodynamic support during lung transplantation (LTx). We evaluated the risk factors associated with failure of weaning from ECMO in the operating room during LTx.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 74 consecutive patients who had undergone LTx from March 2013 to February 2016.

Surgical Repair of a Traumatic Tracheobronchial Injury in a Pediatric Patient Assisted with Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Tracheobronchial rupture due to blunt chest trauma is a rare but life-threatening injury in the pediatric population. Computed tomography (CT) is not always reliable in the management of these patients. An additional concern is that ventilation may be disrupted during surgical repair of these injuries.

Feasibility of four-arm robotic lobectomy as solo surgery in patients with clinical stage I lung cancer.

Background: This study was performed to investigate the feasibility of four-arm robotic lobectomy (FARL) as a solo surgical technique in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Early outcome and long-term survival of FARL were compared with those of video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VATL).

Methods: Prospective enrollment of patients with clinical stage I NSCLC undergoing FARL or VATL (20 patients in each group) was planned.

Outcome of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use in acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a known risk factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to analyze the treatment outcome in patients who required veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) for postcardiotomy ARDS despite other rescue modalities.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes in 13 patients (mean age, 54.

Minimally Invasive Repair of Pectus Carinatum in Patients Unsuited to Bracing Therapy.

Background: We used an Abramson technique for minimally invasive repair of pectus carinatum in patients who preferred surgery to brace therapy, had been unsuccessfully treated via brace therapy, or were unsuitable for brace therapy because of a rigid chest wall.

Methods: Between July 2011 and May 2015, 16 patients with pectus carinatum underwent minimally invasive surgery.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 24.