An empirical analysis of structural neuroimaging profiles in a staging model of depression.

We examine structural brain characteristics across three diagnostic categories: at risk for serious mental illness; first-presenting episode and recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigate whether the three diagnostic groups display a stepwise pattern of brain changes in the cortico-limbic regions. Integrated clinical and neuroimaging data from three large Canadian studies were pooled (total n = 622 participants, aged 12-66 years).

Loss of age-related laminar differentiation of intracortical myelin in bipolar disorder.

Age-related changes of intracortical myelin in bipolar disorder (BD) have been observed to deviate from the quadratic age curve observed in healthy controls (HC), but it is unclear if this holds at varying cortical depths. From BD (n = 44; age range = 17.6-45.

Gray matter volume drives the brain age gap in schizophrenia: a SHAP study.

Neuroimaging-based brain age is a biomarker that is generated by machine learning (ML) predictions. The brain age gap (BAG) is typically defined as the difference between the predicted brain age and chronological age. Studies have consistently reported a positive BAG in individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ).

A detailed manual segmentation procedure for the hypothalamus for 3T T1-weighted MRI.

The hypothalamus is a small grey matter structure which plays a crucial role in many physiological functions. Some studies have found an association between hypothalamic volume and psychopathology, which stresses the need for a standardized method to maximize segmentation accuracy. Here, we provide a detailed step-by-step method outlining the procedures to manually segment the hypothalamus using anatomical T1w images from 3T scanners, which many neuroimaging studies collect as a standard anatomical reference image.

The prevalence of borderline personality features and borderline personality disorder during the perinatal period: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric disorder marked by severe affective instability and poor interpersonal functioning. Existing literature has highlighted that individuals with BPD are at greater risk for a wide range of adverse physiological and psychosocial outcomes in the perinatal period compared to perinatal individuals without BPD. However, to date, no systematic review has addressed the prevalence of BPD and borderline personality features (BPF) in pregnant and postpartum individuals.

Network properties of intracortical myelin associated with psychosocial functioning in bipolar I disorder.

Objective: Psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder (BD) persists even during euthymia and has repeatedly been associated with illness progression and cognitive function. Its neurobiological correlates remain largely unexplored. Using a structural covariance approach, we explored whole cortex intracortical myelin (ICM) and psychosocial functioning in 39 BD type I and 58 matched controls.

Accelerated brain aging in major depressive disorder and antidepressant treatment response: A CAN-BIND report.

Objectives: Previous studies suggest that major depressive disorder (MDD) may be associated with volumetric indications of accelerated brain aging. This study investigated neuroanatomical signs of accelerated aging in MDD and evaluated whether a brain age gap is associated with antidepressant response.

Methods: Individuals in a major depressive episode received escitalopram treatment (10-20 mg/d) for 8 weeks.

Hypothalamus volume and DNA methylation of stress axis genes in major depressive disorder: A CAN-BIND study report.

Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is considered one of the mechanisms underlying the development of major depressive disorder (MDD), but the exact nature of this dysfunction is unknown. We investigated the relationship between hypothalamus volume (HV) and blood-derived DNA methylation in MDD. We obtained brain MRI, clinical and molecular data from 181 unmedicated MDD and 90 healthy control (HC) participants.

Structural and Functional Brain Correlates of Neuroprogression in Bipolar Disorder.

Neuroprogression is associated with structural and functional brain changes that occur in parallel with cognitive and functioning impairments. There is substantial evidence showing early white matter changes, as well as trajectory-related gray matter alterations. Several structures, including prefrontal, parietal, temporal cortex, and limbic structures, seem to be altered over the course of bipolar disorder, especially associated with the number of episodes and length of the disease.

An investigation of cortical thickness and antidepressant response in major depressive disorder: A CAN-BIND study report.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is considered a highly heterogeneous clinical and neurobiological mental disorder. We employed a novel layered treatment design to investigate whether cortical thickness features at baseline differentiated treatment responders from non-responders after 8 and 16 weeks of a standardized sequential antidepressant treatment. Secondary analyses examined baseline differences between MDD and controls as a replication analysis and longitudinal changes in thickness after 8 weeks of escitalopram treatment.

The Link between Estradiol and Neuroplasticity in Transgender Women after Gender-Affirming Surgery: A Bimodal Hypothesis.

For transgender individuals, gender-affirming surgery (GAS) and cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) are part of the gender transition process. Scientific evidence supporting the maintenance of CSHT after GAS-related gonadectomy is accumulating. However, few data are available on the impact of CSHT on the brain structure following hypogonadism.

Cerebral cortical thickness after treatment with desvenlafaxine succinate in major depressive disorder.

Thickness of the cerebral cortex has been previously investigated for its potential as a biomarker in major depressive disorder (MDD). This is the first study to examine the longitudinal effects of a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, desvenlafaxine succinate (DVS), on whole-brain cortical thickness (CT) in patients treated for MDD. We also aimed to replicate a previous finding of an association between improvement in clinical severity and CT in one of five predefined regions-of-interest (ROI).

Cortical thickness in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Neuroimaging studies assessing neurobiological differences between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC) are often hindered by small sample sizes and heterogeneity of the patient sample. We performed a comprehensive literature search for studies assessing cortical thickness between patient and control groups, including studies investigating treatment effects on cortical thickness. We identified 34 studies meeting criteria for the systematic review and used Seed-based d Mapping to meta-analyze 24 of those that met additional criteria.

Altered excitatory-inhibitory balance within somatosensory cortex is associated with enhanced plasticity and pain sensitivity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Background: Chronic neuropathic pain is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). MOG35-55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been used as an animal model to investigate the mechanisms of pain in MS. Previous studies have implicated sensitization of spinal nociceptive networks in the pathogenesis of pain in EAE.