Energy drink consumption among Korean adolescents: prevalence and associated factors.

Background: Energy drinks are gaining popularity among young people worldwide. However, little is known about their consumption among Korean adolescents.

Purpose: To examine the prevalence and factors associated with energy drink consumption among Korean adolescents.

Dietary patterns and intrinsic capacity in older adults: a 6-year prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Only a few studies have investigated dietary patterns and intrinsic capacity (IC). This study examined the prospective associations between dietary patterns, IC, and IC sub-domains over 6 years in community-dwelling Korean older adults.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2022.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and status of dyslipidemia management among South Korean adults, as performed by the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis under the name Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet 2022.

Methods: We analyzed the lipid profiles, age-standardized and crude prevalence, management status of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia, and health behaviors among Korean adults aged ≥20 years, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2007 and 2020.

Results: In South Korea, the crude prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or use of a lipid-lowering drug) in 2020 was 24%, and the age-standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemia more than doubled from 2007 to 2020.

Diet quality partially mediates the association between ultraprocessed food consumption and adiposity indicators.

Objective: This study evaluated the potential role of overall diet quality in the associations between ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption and adiposity indicators among Korean adults.

Methods: Baseline data of participants (n = 4331) of the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) cohort study were obtained. Dietary information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2022.

Backgruound: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and status of dyslipidemia management among South Korean adults, as performed by the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis under the name Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet 2022.

Methods: We analyzed the lipid profiles, age-standardized and crude prevalence, management status of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia, and health behaviors among Korean adults aged ≥20 years, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2007 and 2020.

Results: In South Korea, the crude prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or use of a lipid-lowering drug) in 2020 was 24%, and the age-standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemia more than doubled from 2007 to 2020.

Estimated dietary vitamin D intake and major vitamin D food sources of Koreans: based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish a database (DB) of foods containing vitamin D that were investigated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), to estimate the dietary vitamin D intake, to evaluate the dietary adequacy of this intake, and to identify the major food sources of Koreans that contain vitamin D.

Subjects/methods: This study used data from the KNHANES 2016-2019. Individuals aged ≥ 1 year who participated in the nutrition survey (n = 28,418) were included.

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Obesity in Korean Adults.

Backgruound: This study aimed to investigate the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and obesity in Korean adults.

Methods: We included the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center cohort study baseline data of adults aged 30 to 64 years who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire. UPF was defined using the NOVA food classification.

Dietary zinc intake and sources among Koreans: findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: Zinc is an essential trace mineral which is important for the growth and development of the human body and immunological and neurological functions. Inadequate zinc intake may cause zinc deficiency with its adverse consequences. In this study, we aimed to estimate the dietary zinc intake levels and sources among Koreans.

Magnesium intake and dietary sources among Koreans: findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: Magnesium is an essential nutrient for human health. However, inadequate intake is commonly reported worldwide. Along with reduced consumption of vegetables and fruits and increased consumption of refined or processed foods, inadequate magnesium intake is increasingly reported as a serious problem.

Dietary intake and major source foods of vitamin E among Koreans: findings of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: Vitamin E is essential for health, and although vitamin E deficiency seems rare in humans, studies on estimates of dietary intake are lacking. This study aimed to estimate dietary vitamin E intake, evaluate dietary adequacy of vitamin E, and detail major food sources of vitamin E in the Korean population.

Subjects/methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2019.

Ultra-processed foods and total sugars intake in Korea: evidence from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2018.

Background/objectives: Dietary sugars intake worldwide is stable or decreasing, but overall sugars intake remains above the recommended level. Some studies suggest that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) drive excessive sugars intake. However, UPF consumption in Korea and its association with sugars intake have not yet been studied.

Association between Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) Cohort.

We aimed to investigate the association between a new definition of metabolic health (MH) and subclinical atherosclerosis in a cohort of patients without previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). In total, 7824 community-dwelling adults were categorized as normal weight, overweight, or obese. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) was defined as obesity accompanied by all of the following criteria: systolic blood pressure (BP) < 130 mmHg, no use of BP-lowering medication, waist-hip ratio <0.

Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Blood Pressure in Korean Adults.

Background And Objectives: There is growing evidence supporting the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and metabolic disease risk. However, little is known about the association between UPF consumption and blood pressure (BP). Thus, this study examined the association between UPF consumption and elevated BP in Korean adults.

Late eating, blood pressure control, and cardiometabolic risk factors among adults with hypertension: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2018.

Objectives: Despite growing concerns regarding the timing of eating, little is known about the association between late eating and health. This study aimed to investigate whether late eating is associated with blood pressure (BP) control and cardiometabolic risk factors among Korean adults with hypertension.

Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2018 were used.

Association between a family history of diabetes and carotid artery atherosclerosis in Korean adults.

Objectives: Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for atherosclerosis, but the association between a family history of diabetes and atherosclerosis remains unknown. In this study, we assessed the association between a family history of diabetes and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, in a middle-aged Korean population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,974 community-dwelling adults (1,404 male and 2,570 female) aged 30-64 years from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center cohort.

Association between Ultra-processed Food Consumption and Dietary Intake and Diet Quality in Korean Adults.

Background: Food environments have changed rapidly, and the global interest in ultra-processed foods has increased. Ultra-processed foods are typically energy dense, high in sugars and fat, and low in fiber, protein, minerals, and vitamins.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the energy contribution of ultra-processed foods in the diet of Korean adults and to examine the association between ultra-processed food consumption and dietary intake and diet quality.

Association between social network structure and physical activity in middle-aged Korean adults.

Purpose: Evidence suggests that physical activity participation is shaped through a myriad of structural aspects of social relationships. We examined the relationship between social network structure based on egocentric social network and physical activity.

Methods: From 6799 middle-aged Korean adults, we assessed the social network density and proportion of closed triads, using the name generator module.

Stressful life events and serum triglyceride levels: the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center cohort in Korea.

Objectives: Elevated serum triglyceride levels are a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. A number of studies have demonstrated a positive association between psychological stress and serum triglyceride levels. However, there is limited evidence regarding the impact of stressful life events (SLEs) on serum triglyceride levels in the healthy population.

Socioeconomic Characteristics and Trends in the Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods in Korea from 2010 to 2018.

There is growing evidence for a global transition to a more highly processed diet. While the dietary share of ultra-processed foods depends on a country's economic status, food choice and consumption are also influenced by the socioeconomic situation of individuals. This study investigated whether ultra-processed food consumption differed across socioeconomic subgroups and over time (2010-2018) in Korea.

Dietary Patterns and Frailty in Older Korean Adults: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.

There are few studies on dietary patterns and frailty in Asians, and the results are controversial. Therefore, this study examined the association between dietary patterns and frailty in older Korean adults using the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). The sample consisted of 511 subjects, aged 70-84 years, community-dwelling older people from the KFACS.

Association between physical activity and inflammatory markers in community-dwelling, middle-aged adults.

Physical activity has been known to deter inflammatory process; yet, the evidence is scarce in healthy, middle-aged population. We assessed the association between physical activity and inflammatory biomarkers, including high sensitivity (hs) C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-1α, -1β, and -6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and -β, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP) -1 and -3. Functional and leisure-time physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Association of social network size and composition with physical activity in Korean middle-aged adults.

Objectives: Physical activity (PA) is an established protective factor for many chronic diseases. Numerous studies have established positive relationships between social networks and PA. Accordingly, this study examined the relationship between social network structures (specifically the network size and the number and proportion of same-sex alters) and self-reported PA in Korean middle-age adults, where the term "alter" refers to a respondent's social network members.

Psychosocial factors affecting sleep misperception in middle-aged community-dwelling adults.

Sleep misperception has long been a major issue in the field of insomnia research. Most studies of sleep misperception examine sleep underestimation by comparing the results of polysomnography conducted in a laboratory environment with patients' sleep diary entries. We aimed to investigate psychosocial characteristics of adults who underestimated or overestimated sleep time in a nonclinical, middle-aged community-dwelling population.

Effect of Smartphone-Based Lifestyle Coaching App on Community-Dwelling Population With Moderate Metabolic Abnormalities: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Metabolic disorders are established precursors to cardiovascular diseases, yet they can be readily prevented with sustained lifestyle modifications.

Objective: We assessed the effectiveness of a smartphone-based weight management app on metabolic parameters in adults at high-risk, yet without physician diagnosis nor pharmacological treatment for metabolic syndrome, in a community setting.

Methods: In this 3-arm parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial, we recruited participants aged 30 to 59 years with at least 2 conditions defined by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program expert panel (abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting glucose level).