Delayed Distant Recurrence of a Uveal Melanoma 4 Decades after Enucleation.

Introduction: This report presents a case of an exceptionally delayed distant recurrence of a choroidal melanoma, occurring 4 decades after the enucleation of the affected eye.

Case Presentation: In 1977, a 29-year-old man underwent enucleation for a choroidal melanoma. At the age of 68 years, he was diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer.

A Case Report of Management of Medulloepithelioma of the Ciliary Body and Iris without Recurrence over an Observation Period of Twenty Years.

Intraocular medulloepithelioma is a rare embryonal tumor that is believed to arise from the epithelium of the medullary tube. We report a 37-year-old female with medulloepithelioma presented at the age of 17 with a one-month history of left-sided visual deterioration and visible iris lesion. Birth history and medical and family histories were insignificant.

Treatment of Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.

 Sinonasal adenocarcinoma (AC) is a potentially curable disease despite being an aggressive malignancy. Long-term survival can be achieved with early diagnosis and adequate multidisciplinary treatment. Our goal was to evaluate outcomes for patients with AC treated at our institution.

Head and neck paragangliomas in Norway, importance of genetics, updated diagnostic workup and treatment.

Background: Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPG) are rare and predominantly benign tumours, originating from the neuroendocrine paraganglionic system. A considerable proportion of HNPGs are hereditary, depending on the population.

Aims/objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the rate of hereditary HNPGs in a Scandinavian (Norwegian) population, report long-term experience with HNPGs and offer all patients diagnosed an updated follow-up, with emphasis on identifying hereditary HNPGs through genetic screening and multifocality by 18 F-2-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT).

High-risk human papilloma virus was not detected in a Norwegian cohort of oral squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue.

Objectives: The presence of and the causative role of high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) is a subject of controversy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The disagreement can be related to the misclassification of OSCC as oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and/or lack of standard detection methods. This study aimed to examine the presence of transcriptionally active high-risk HPV in a homogenous Norwegian cohort of primary and second primary OSCC of the mobile tongue (oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma-OTSCC).

Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis using the MPT64 antigen detection test in a high-income low tuberculosis prevalence setting.

Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) poses diagnostic challenges due to the paucibacillary nature of the disease. The immunochemistry-based MPT64 antigen detection test (MPT64 test) has shown promising results for diagnosing EPTB in previous studies performed in low-resource settings, with higher sensitivity than microscopy and culture. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of the MPT64 test in a routine clinical setting in a high-income low TB prevalence country.

Grading of oral squamous cell carcinomas - Intra and interrater agreeability: Simpler is better?

Background: Numerous studies have been presented on histological grading of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) for predicting survival, but uncertainty of their usefulness rises due to discordances of results. A scoring system should be robust and well validated, and intra- and interrater agreement can be used as a tool to visualize the strength of reproducibility.

Methods: Here, we present an intra- and inter-observer study on evaluation of OSCC using some of the most common histopathological parameters.

Craniofacial resection of malignant tumors of the anterior skull base: a case series and a systematic review.

Background: Craniofacial resection (CFR) is still considered as the gold standard for managing sinonasal malignancies of the anterior skull base (ASB), while endoscopic approaches are gaining credibility. The goal of this study was to evaluate outcomes of patients who underwent CFR at our institution and to compare our results to international literature.

Method: Retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing CFR between 1995 and 2017, and systematic literature review according to the PRISMA statement.

The Results of Stricter Inclusion Criteria in an Immunomagnetic Detection Study of Micrometastatic Cells in Bone Marrow of Uveal Melanoma Patients - Relevance for Dormancy.

Approximately 50% of uveal melanoma patients develop metastases. We want to evaluate the effect of stricter criteria on our data from our previous study correlating survival and bone marrow (BM) micrometastasis results using our immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. Mononuclear cell fractions (MNC) isolated from BM were examined for tumour cells and the patients were classified as BM positive (BM+) or BM negative (BM-).

Human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in South-Eastern Norway: prevalence, genotype, and survival.

The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) and survival in all oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC) patients in a Norwegian population cohort in 2010-2011. Clinical data were retrieved from hospital records. Biopsies from 166 patients were tested for the presence of HR HPV by qualitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Olfactory neuroblastoma: a single-center experience.

Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a potentially curable disease, despite being an aggressive malignancy with a poor natural history. Our goal was to evaluate management outcomes for patients with ONB treated at our institution. Our prospective database for brain tumors and the pathology registry of head and neck cancers at Oslo University Hospital were searched to identify all patients treated for ONB between 1998 and 2016.

Indications and Outcomes in Liver Transplantation in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Norway.

Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is 1 of the leading causes of liver transplantation (LTX) in Scandinavia, and an increasing number of PSC patients have been transplanted in Norway during the last 2 decades. This trend is partly attributable to the recently established practice in Norway of offering LTX to PSC patients with cholangiocellular dysplasia. Based on the controversy associated with this practice, we herein aimed to report the main features and outcomes of our LTX program in PSC.

EGFR mutation testing of lung cancer patients - Experiences from Vestfold Hospital Trust.

Background: Patients with advanced stage lung cancer and somatic mutations in the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are currently treated with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. The Norwegian Lung Cancer Group (NLCG) recommended EGFR testing of all patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) from June 2010. From March 2013, testing of squamous cell carcinomas was terminated.

IgG4-Related Nasal Pseudotumor.

IgG4-related disease is recognized as one form of autoimmune pancreatitis. During the last ten years, it has also been described in several other organs. We present two patients with lesions showing a histological picture of fibrosis and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrations with abundant IgG4 positive plasma cells at hitherto unreported symmetrical nasal locations.

Four DNA methylation biomarkers in biliary brush samples accurately identify the presence of cholangiocarcinoma.

Unlabelled: Early detection of the highly aggressive malignancy cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains a challenge but has the potential to render the tumor curable by surgical removal. This study evaluates a biomarker panel for the diagnosis of CCA by DNA methylation analyses of biliary brush samples. The methylation status of 13 candidate genes (CDO1, CNRIP1, DCLK1, FBN1, INA, MAL, SEPT9, SFRP1, SNCA, SPG20, TMEFF2, VIM, and ZSCAN18) was investigated in 93 tissue samples (39 CCAs and 54 nonmalignant controls) using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.

Immunomagnetic detection of micrometastatic cells in bone marrow of uveal melanoma patients: a paradox.

Purpose: Our objective was to study survival rates with the bone marrow (BM) results in a cohort of uveal melanoma patients with long follow-up.

Methods: Mononuclear cell fractions isolated from BM were examined for tumour cells using our immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. The patients were classified as BM positive or BM negative.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells express CD38 in response to Th1 cell-derived IFN-γ by a T-bet-dependent mechanism.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a B cell malignancy associated with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, expression of CD38 on CLL cells correlates with CLL cell survival and proliferation, but the mechanisms that regulate CD38 expression and inflammatory cytokines remain unclear. We have recently demonstrated that patients have CLL-specific Th cells that support CLL proliferation.

Risk factors for aggressive recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in adults and juveniles.

In this cohort study we examined whether gender, age at onset, observation time or human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype are risk factors for an aggressive clinical course in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP). Clinical data from patient records comprised gender, age at onset, date of first endolaryngeal procedure with biopsy, date of last follow-up, total number of endolaryngeal procedures, and complications during the observation period. Disease was defined as juvenile (JoRRP) or adult onset (AoRRP) according to whether the disease was acquired before or after the age of 18.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: HPV genotypes and risk of high-grade laryngeal neoplasia.

Patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) in Norway treated between 1987 and 2009 were recruited to this cohort study. They were followed from disease onset and data recorded until January 2012. Here, we describe the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, the prevalence of multiple HPV infections, and the risk of high-grade laryngeal neoplasia and respiratory tract invasive carcinoma in a large cohort of patients with RRP.

Thermal fixation of swine liver tissue after magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation.

The aim of this study was to investigate experimental conditions for efficient and controlled in vivo liver tissue ablation by magnetic resonance (MR)-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in a swine model, with the ultimate goal of improving clinical treatment outcome. Histological changes were examined both acutely (four animals) and 1 wk after treatment (five animals). Effects of acoustic power and multiple sonication cycles were investigated.

Biodistribution of protoporphyrin IX in female genital erosive lichen planus after topical application of hexaminolevulinate.

Genital erosive lichen planus (GELP) is a chronic inflammatory disease, in women characterized by painful vulvar and vaginal erosions. To prepare for a clinical trial on photodynamic treatment (PDT), we applied hexyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride (HAL) in clinically normal and affected mucosa in 12 women with GELP using two different doses (6.25 or 50mg/ml).

Disseminated tumour cells in bone marrow of patients with uveal melanoma.

Purpose: Approximately 50% of patients with uveal melanomas develop metastases. Thus, it is important to improve our understanding of how melanoma metastases develop.

Methods: As part of a uveal melanoma micrometastasis study, we compared the detection rates of immunomagnetically selected (IMS) tumour cells in bone marrow (BM) with positively stained tumour cells using immunocytochemistry (ICC).

[Mutation testing for non-small-cell lung cancer].

Background: Epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) are a relatively new class of drugs for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. The national professional group for lung cancer, The Norwegian Lung Cancer Group, recommends that patients with non-small-cell lung cancer are tested for mutations in the EGFR gene. Here, we report the experience collected after the introduction of such testing in Norway in 2010.

A clinical study of cervical dysplasia in long-term survivors of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

This retrospective study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for cervical dysplasia and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in 89 female recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) between 1985 and 2005 who survived for more than 5 years after transplantation. All patients underwent regular gynecologic examination and cervical cytological testing. The incidence rates of cervical cytological abnormalities and HPV infection were calculated.

Fibro-hyaline extensions from the bony nasal aperture, causing nasal obstruction.

Objective: We report a rare case of fibro-hyaline anterior extensions of the bony nasal pyramid.

Method: The clinical, radiological, intra-operative and histological findings are presented.

Results: A 34-year-old man presented with bilateral nasal obstruction due to enlarged lateral walls of the nasal vestibule.