Comparing adjacent segment biomechanics between anterior and posterior cervical fusion using patient-specific finite element modeling.

Study Design: This study employed a patient-specific finite element model.

Purpose: To quantify the effect of anterior and posterior surgical approaches on adjacent segment biomechanics of the patient-specific spine and spinal cord.

Overview Of Literature: Adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) is a well-documented complication following cervical fusion, typically resulting from accelerated osteoligamentous deterioration and subsequent symptomatic neural compression.

Effect of Cervical Stenosis and Rate of Impact on Risk of Spinal Cord Injury During Whiplash Injury.

Study Design: Finite Element Study.

Objective: To determine the risk of spinal cord injury with pre-existing cervical stenosis during a whiplash injury.

Summary Of Background Data: Patients with cervical spinal stenosis are often cautioned on the potential increased risk of spinal cord injury (SCI) from minor trauma such as rear impact whiplash injuries.

3-D Surface Morphological Characterization of CAD/CAM Milled Dental Zirconia: An In Vitro Study of the Effect of Post-Fabrication Processes.

Objective: To investigate the effect on zirconia surface of the post-fabrication surface treatments on the morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of CAD/CAM milled dental zirconia specimens as well as to identify the critical parameters in the measurement of oral retention under in vitro circumstances. Method: The zirconia specimens (N = 20, n = 4) were subjected to CAD/CAM milling and divided into five groups. The specifications were: Group G1—sintered; Group G2—sintered followed by a polishing process; Group G3—sintered followed by polishing and sandblasting with alumina particles Al2O3 (110 µm); Group G4—sintered followed by sandblasting; Group G5—sintered followed by sandblasting with polishing as the end process.

Biomechanical Analysis of 3-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Under Physiologic Loads Using a Finite Element Model.

Objective: Pseudarthrosis and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) are 2 common complications after multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). We aim to identify the potential biomechanical factors contributing to pseudarthrosis and ASD following 3-level ACDF using a cervical spine finite element model (FEM).

Methods: A validated cervical spine FEM from C2 to C7 was used to study the biomechanical factors in cervical spine intervention.

Biomechanical effects of uncinate process excision in cervical disc arthroplasty.

Background: Studies on the role of uncinate process have been limited to responses of the intact spine and patient's outcomes, and procedures to perform the excision. The aim of this study was to determine the role of uncinate process on the biomechanical response at the index and adjacent levels in three artificial discs used in cervical disc arthroplasty.

Methods: A validated finite element model of cervical spine was used.

Biomechanical Study of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Devices Using Finite Element Modeling.

Many artificial discs for have been introduced to overcome the disadvantages of conventional anterior discectomy and fusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of different U.S.

Effects of different severities of disc degeneration on the range of motion of cervical spine.

Aims And Objectives: The human spine degenerates with age. Intervertebral disc degeneration occurs in the cervical spine. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of degenerative disc diseases on the range of motion (ROM) of the human cervical spinal column using a validated finite-element model.

Effect of heterotopic ossification after bryan-cervical disc arthroplasty on adjacent level range of motion: A finite element study.

Background: Quantitative bone re-modelling theories suggest that bones adapt to mechanical loading conditions. Follow-up studies have shown that total disc replacement (TDR) modifies stress patterns in the bones, leading to heterotopic ossification (HO). Although there are a few studies on HO using finite element models (FEM), its effect on the adjacent levels and change in range of motion (ROM) have not been adequately investigated.

Comparative Finite Element Modeling Study of Anterior Cervical Arthrodesis Versus Cervical Arthroplasty With Bryan Disc or Prodisc C.

Introduction: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA), a motion-preserving alternative to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), is used in military patients for the treatment of disorders such as spondylosis. Since 2007, the FDA has approved eight artificial discs. The objective of this study is to compare the biomechanics after ACDF and CDA with two FDA-approved devices of differing designs under head and head supported mass loadings.

Neck Vertebral Level-specific Forces and Moments Under G-x Accelerative Loading.

Introduction: It is important to determine the local forces and moments across the entire cervical spine as dysfunctions such as spondylosis and acceleration-induced injuries are focused on specific levels/segments. The aims of the study were to determine the axial and shear forces and moments at each level under G-x accelerative loading for female and male spines.

Methods: A three-dimensional finite element model of the male head-cervical spinal column was developed.

A Comparison Study of Four Cervical Disk Arthroplasty Devices Using Finite Element Models.

Study Design: The study examined and compared four artificial cervical disks using validated finite element models.

Purpose: To compare and contrast the biomechanical behavior of four artificial cervical disks by determining the external (range of motion) and internal (facet force and intradiscal pressure) responses following cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) and to elucidate any device design effects on cervical biomechanics.

Overview Of Literature: Despite CDA's increasing popularity most studies compare the CDA procedure with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

External and internal responses of cervical disc arthroplasty and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: A finite element modeling study.

Surgical treatment for spinal disorders, such as cervical disc herniation and spondylosis, includes the removal of the intervertebral disc and replacement of biological or artificial materials. In the former case, bone graft is used to fill the space, and this conventional procedure is termed anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). The latter surgery is termed as artificial disc replacement ADR) or cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA).

Compression-based injury variables from chestbands in far-side impact THOR sled tests.

This study seeks to determine compression () and compression-related injury variables (velocity and viscous injury criterion: and ) from chestband data in pure lateral and oblique far-side impact sled tests. The 3-point belt-restrained mid-sized male Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) dummy was placed on a buck and subjected to side impacts with and without center-mounted airbags. The change in velocity was 8.

Sensitivity studies of pediatric material properties on juvenile lumbar spine responses using finite element analysis.

The objective of the study was to determine the sensitivity of material properties of the juvenile spine to its external and internal responses using a finite element model under compression, and flexion-extension bending moments. The methodology included exercising the 8-year-old juvenile lumbar spine using parametric procedures. The model included the vertebral centrum, growth plates, laminae, pedicles, transverse processes and spinous processes; disc annulus and nucleus; and various ligaments.

Validation efforts and flexibilities of an eight-year-old human juvenile lumbar spine using a three-dimensional finite element model.

The objective of this study was to develop a finite element model of the lumbar spinal column of an eight-year-old human spine and compare flexibilities under pure moments, adult, and pediatric loading with different material models. The geometry was extracted from computed tomography scans. The model included the cortical and cancellous bones, growth plates, ligaments, and discs.