A Novel Real-Time Threshold Algorithm for Closed-Loop Epilepsy Detection and Stimulation System.

Epilepsy, as a common brain disease, causes great pain and stress to patients around the world. At present, the main treatment methods are drug, surgical, and electrical stimulation therapies. Electrical stimulation has recently emerged as an alternative treatment for reducing symptomatic seizures.

Predictive Maintenance and Fault Detection for Motor Drive Control Systems in Industrial Robots Using CNN-RNN-Based Observers.

This research work presents an integrated method leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks (CNN-RNN) to enhance the accuracy of predictive maintenance and fault detection in DC motor drives of industrial robots. We propose a new hybrid deep learning framework that combines CNNs with RNNs to improve the accuracy of fault prediction that may occur on a DC motor drive during task processing. The CNN-RNN model determines the optimal maintenance strategy based on data collected from sensors, such as air temperature, process temperature, rotational speed, and so forth.

A Study on the Development of Real-Time Chamber Contamination Diagnosis Sensors.

Plasma processes are critical for achieving precise device fabrication in semiconductor manufacturing. However, polymer accumulation during processes like plasma etching can cause chamber contamination, adversely affecting plasma characteristics and process stability. This study focused on developing a real-time sensor system for diagnosing chamber contamination by quantitatively monitoring polymer accumulation.

Pathogenic Bacterial Detection Using Vertical-Capacitance Sensor Array Immobilized with the Antimicrobial Peptide Melittin.

The rapid and reliable detection of pathogenic bacteria remains a significant challenge in clinical microbiology. Consequently, the demand for simple and rapid techniques, such as antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-based sensors, has recently increased as an alternative to traditional methods. Melittin, a broad-spectrum AMP, rapidly associates with the cell membranes of various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Antenna Design and Construction of a Free-Pass System for Hi-Pass Type Ticket Gates in Subways for Transportation-Disadvantaged Individuals.

This paper examines the design of antennas for Hi-pass type turnstiles needed to implement a subway free-pass system targeting transportation-disadvantaged individuals. The subway free-pass system allows individuals who have a free-pass card to approach the turnstile with the card on their person, which opens the gate automatically. This system, like the highway Hi-pass, allows users to pass through the subway gate without needing to scan a ticket.

Maxillectomy Guided by 3D Printing Versus Conventional Surgery for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.

Background: This study evaluates the impact of three-dimensional (3D) printing-guided maxillectomy compared with conventional maxillectomy on surgical precision and oncological outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 42 patients undergoing maxillectomy (16 in a 3D printing-guided group and 26 in a conventional group). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and outcomes were compared.

The Glucose-Lowering Effect of and D-Pinitol: Studies on Insulin Secretion in INS-1 Cells and the Reduction of Blood Glucose in Diabetic Rats.

Ice plant () is a vegetable with various therapeutic uses, one of which is its ability to prevent diabetes. The present study examined the insulin secretion effect related to the mechanism of action of ice plant extract (IPE) and its active compound D-pinitol in a rat insulin-secreting β-cell line, INS-1, as well as in diabetic rats. : The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test and Western blotting were used to measure GSIS.

Metabolic Adaptation and Its Determinants in Adolescents Two Years After Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Weight loss is associated with reductions in resting energy expenditure (REE), which are impacted by changes in body composition following sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Current data regarding changes in measured REE (mREE) and metabolic adaptation in adolescents after SG are limited. We evaluated changes in mREE, metabolic adaptation, and body composition in youths after SG vs.

Root Extract for Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

The prevalence of urological diseases increases with age, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) are the most common problem. Natural compounds with minimal side effects for the improvement in LUTSs are of ongoing interest. extract (SAGX) has shown potential in preclinical studies for its effects on LUTSs.

Comparison of Early Enteral Nutrition Versus Early Parenteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Nutritional support is crucial in critically ill patients to enhance recovery, reduce infections, and improve outcomes. This meta-analysis compared early enteral nutrition (EEN) and early parenteral nutrition (EPN) to evaluate their efficacy in adult critically ill patients.

Methods: A systematic review of 14 studies involving 7618 patients was conducted, including randomized controlled trials, prospective cohorts, and retrospective analyses.

Effects of Metabolites Derived from Guava ( L.) Leaf Extract Fermented by on Hepatic Energy Metabolism via SIRT1-PGC1α Signaling in Diabetic Mice.

Background/objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a serious risk to public health since its prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide despite numerous therapeutics. Insulin resistance in T2DM contributes to chronic inflammation and other metabolic abnormalities that generate fat accumulation in the liver, eventually leading to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Recently, the possibility that microbial-derived metabolites may alleviate MAFLD through enterohepatic circulation has emerged, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Dextran from Maltodextrin via pH Controlled Fermentation by .

Dextran is an exopolysaccharide (EPS) with multifunctional applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, primarily synthesized from . Dextran can be produced from dextrin through fermentation, utilizing its dextran dextrinase activity. This study examined how jar fermentor conditions impact the growth and enzyme activity of , with a focus on the effects of pH on dextran synthesis via bioconversion (without pH control, pH 4.

A Novel Eco-Friendly Process for the Synthesis and Purification of Ascorbyl-6-Oleates.

Commercial ascorbyl-6-O-esters (AEs) are composed of saturated fatty acids with relatively high melting points, resulting in limited solubility in lipophilic media. Therefore, a lipase-catalysed synthesis and purification method for ascorbyl-6-O-oleate (AO) was proposed in this study. The esterification synthesis (i.

Impact of Edible Insect Polysaccharides on Mouse Gut Microbiota: A Study on White-Spotted Flower Chafer Larva () and Silkworm Pupa ().

The increasing global population and the environmental consequences of meat consumption have led to the exploration of alternative sources of protein. Edible insects have gained attention as a sustainable and nutritionally rich meat alternative. We investigated the effects of two commonly consumed insects, larva and pupa, on beneficial gut microbiota growth, using whole 16s metagenome sequencing to assess diet-associated changes.

Identification of Endometriosis Pathophysiologic-Related Genes Based on Meta-Analysis and Bayesian Approach.

Endometriosis is a complex disease with diverse etiologies, including hormonal, immunological, and environmental factors; however, its exact pathogenesis remains unknown. While surgical approaches are the diagnostic and therapeutic gold standard, identifying endometriosis-associated genes is a crucial first step. Five endometriosis-related gene expression studies were selected from the available datasets.

Integrating Bacteriocins and Biofilm-Degrading Enzymes to Eliminate Persistence.

is a Gram-positive bacterium causing listeriosis, a severe infection responsible for significant morbidity and mortality globally. Its persistence on food processing surfaces via biofilm formation presents a major challenge, as conventional sanitizers and antimicrobials exhibit limited efficacy against biofilm-embedded cells. This study investigates a novel approach combining an engineered polysaccharide-degrading enzyme (CAase) with a bacteriocin (thermophilin 110) produced by .

The Role of Fractalkine in Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes, characterized by progressive microvascular dysfunction that can result in vision loss. Chronic hyperglycemia drives oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation, leading to retinal damage and complications such as neovascularization. Current treatments, including anti-VEGF agents, have limitations, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies.

Mitochondria and the Repurposing of Diabetes Drugs for Off-Label Health Benefits.

This review describes our current understanding of the role of the mitochondria in the repurposing of the anti-diabetes drugs metformin, gliclazide, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors for additional clinical benefits regarding unhealthy aging, long COVID, mental neurogenerative disorders, and obesity. Metformin, the most prominent of these diabetes drugs, has been called the "Drug of Miracles and Wonders," as clinical trials have found it to be beneficial for human patients suffering from these maladies. To promote viral replication in all infected human cells, SARS-CoV-2 stimulates the infected liver cells to produce glucose and to export it into the blood stream, which can cause diabetes in long COVID patients, and metformin, which reduces the levels of glucose in the blood, was shown to cut the incidence rate of long COVID in half for all patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2.

Light Quality Plays a Crucial Role in Regulating Germination, Photosynthetic Efficiency, Plant Development, Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, and Nutrient Acquisition in Alfalfa.

Light is a vital regulator of photosynthesis, energy production, plant growth, and morphogenesis. Although these key physiological processes are well understood, the effects of light quality on the pigment content, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant defense systems, and biomass yield of plants remain largely unexplored. In this study, we applied different light-emitting diode (LED) treatments, including white light, red light, blue light, and a red+blue (1:1) light combination, to evaluate the traits mentioned above in alfalfa ( L.

The Effects of Laxogenin and 5-Alpha-hydroxy-laxogenin on Myotube Formation and Maturation During Cultured Meat Production.

Cultured meat (CM) is derived from the in vitro myogenesis of muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs) and offers a promising alternative protein source. However, the development of a cost-effective media formulation that promotes cell growth has yet to be achieved. In this study, laxogenin (LAX) and 5-alpha-hydroxy-laxogenin (5HLAX) were computationally screened against myostatin (MSTN), a negative regulator of muscle mass, because of their antioxidant properties and dual roles as MSTN inhibitors and enhancers of myogenesis regulatory factors.

Data Mining Approach to Melatonin Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease: New Gene Targets and .

Melatonin is a hormone released by the pineal gland that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It has been widely studied for its therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly through the amyloidosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which it exerts its neuroprotective effects in AD are still largely unknown.

GAPDH Gene Family in : Genome-Wide Identification, Structural Analysis, and Expression Analysis Under Drought Stress.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme widely involved in glycolysis in animal cells and in non-metabolic processes, including apoptosis and the regulation of gene expression. GAPDH is a ubiquitous protein that plays a pivotal role in plant metabolism and handling of stress responses. However, its function in plant stress resistance remains unknown.

Silencing of Epidermal Growth Factor-like Domain 8 Promotes Proliferation and Cancer Aggressiveness in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells by Activating ERK/MAPK Signaling Cascades.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common female reproductive cancer and the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide. Most human OCs are characterized by high rates of drug resistance and metastasis, leading to poor prognosis. Improving the outcomes of patients with relapsed and treatment-resistant OC remains a challenge.

Genome-Wide Association Study to Identify Genetic Factors Linked to HBV Reactivation Following Liver Transplantation in HBV-Infected Patients.

This study utilized a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate the genetic variations linked to the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in patients who have undergone liver transplantation (LT), aiming to enhance understanding and improve clinical outcomes. Genotyping performed on a selected patients from the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY) data using high-throughput platforms with the Axiom Korea Biobank array 1.1.

Long-Term 5-HT Receptor Agonist NLX-112 Treatment Improves Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in functional deficits below the injured spinal level. The descending serotonergic system in the spinal cord is critically involved in the control of motor and autonomic functions. Specifically, SCI damages the projections of serotonergic fibers, which leads to reduced serotonin inputs and increased amounts of spinal serotonergic receptors.