Gait Abnormalities and the Risk of Falls in CKD.

Background And Objectives: Older adults with CKD are at high risk of falls and disability. It is not known whether gait abnormalities contribute to this risk.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: Quantitative and clinical gait assessments were performed in 330 nondisabled community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years.

Stilbene epoxidation and detoxification in a -nematode symbiosis.

Members of the gammaproteobacterial genus share mutualistic relationships with nematodes, and the pairs infect a wide swath of insect larvae. species produce a family of stilbenes, with two major components being 3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropyl--stilbene (compound 1) and its stilbene epoxide (compound 2). This family of molecules harbors antimicrobial and immunosuppressive activities, and its pathway is responsible for producing a nematode "food signal" involved in nematode development.

Vascular and degenerative processes differentially affect regional interhemispheric connections in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer disease.

Background And Purpose: Despite the critical importance of the corpus callosum (CC) to the connection between brain hemispheres, little is known about the independent contribution of degenerative and vascular processes to regional changes in the microstructural integrity of the CC. Here, we examine these changes in subjects with mild cognitive impairment, with Alzheimer disease, and in cognitively normal elderly adults.

Methods: We used 3-dimensional brain MRI with diffusion tensor imaging in 47 Alzheimer disease, 77 mild cognitive impairment, and 107 cognitively normal subjects, and we calculated mean fractional anisotropy (FA) values for 4 CC regions corresponding to 4 homologous regions of cortical gray matter (GM).