n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercoidea: Atractidae) parasite of yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle, Troschel (Testudines: Podocnemididae) in Brazilian Amazon.

Nematodes collected from the stomach of the yellow-spotted turtle Troschel, 1848 (Testudinidae) in the Brazilian state of Pará are assigned to a new genus, allocated to the family Atractidae (Cosmocerdoidea). n. gen.

A new species of Aplectana Railliet & Henry, 1916 (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) in the Brazilian Amazon and the taxonomic status of Aplectana longa.

Nematodes of the genus Aplectana Railliet & Henry, 1916 are common parasites of the digestive tract of amphibians and reptiles in the Neotropical region. During a parasite survey on Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758), we found specimens of nematodes with Aplectana characteristics. We observed a set of characteristics that differs the species of our study from its congeners, and the present study describes a new species of Aplectana parasite of B.

A NEW SPECIES OF PNEUMOATRACTIS (COSMOCERCOIDEA: ATRACTIDAE) FROM TWO SPECIES OF FRESHWATER TURTLES FROM THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON.

The monotypic genus PneumoatractisBursey, Reavill, and Greiner, 2009 was erected to allocate nematodes collected from the lungs of the freshwater turtle Podocnemis unifilis Troschel. During a helminthological survey of parasites from freshwater turtles of Tocantins and Xingu rivers, Pará State, eastern Amazon, Brazil, we found nematodes parasitizing the stomach and large intestine of Po. unifilis and Podocnemis expansa Schweigger.

"Revisiting the past": a redescription of Physaloptera retusa (Nemata, Physalopteridae) from material deposited in museums and new material from Amazon lizards.

Physaloptera Rudolphi, 1819 is a genus of nematodes that includes approximately 100 species parasitic in vertebrates around the world. From these, approximately 30 occur in the Neotropical region, with nine reported from neotropical reptiles. Physaloptera spp.

Morphological and molecular characterization of n. sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae), parasitic in hylid frogs from the Brazilian Amazon.

Wilkie, 1930 are gastrointestinal parasites commonly found in amphibians and reptiles, with 4 species reported from the Neotropical region. In the present study, a new species of , namely n. sp.

Vogtnema asymmetrica n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercoidea: Atractidae) parasite of Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin) (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from eastern Amazon, Brazil.

Nematodes collected from the stomach and large intestine of Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin) from the eastern Amazon, Brazil, are assigned to a new genus, Vogtnema n. gen., allocated in the family Atractidae (Cosmocerdoidea).

The natural interaction between (Schinz, 1821) and its trematodes: A histopathological analysis.

Bats have a wide diversity of digeneans; however, even with the recent increased interest in studies of parasites on these hosts, there are no data on the microscopic alterations of this host-parasite interaction. The present work characterizes and compares the histological aspects of the liver, gallbladder, and intestine of non-parasitized and parasitized by digeneans. Ten specimens of collected in an urban area of Western Amazonia were analyzed for parasites.

Phylogenetic relationships of Ochoterenatrema Caballero, 1943 (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) with descriptions of two new species.

Ochoterenatrema is a small genus of lecithodendriid digeneans that includes six species parasitic in Neotropical bats in North and South America. Members of this genus are characterized by the presence of a pseudogonotyl formed by thickened tegument on the left side of the ventral sucker. We examined morphology of specimens belonging to five species of Ochoterenatrema from Brazil, Ecuador and the USA and describe two new Ochoterenatrema spp.

A new species of Rhabdias (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae), a lung parasite of Pristimantis chiastonotus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Brazilian Amazon: description and phylogenetic analyses.

Rhabdias Stiles and Hassal, 1905 comprises approximately 90 species of parasitic lung nematodes of amphibians and reptiles that have a wide distribution, with 21 species occurring in the Neotropics. In the present study, we describe Rhabdias waiapi n. sp.

A NEW SPECIES OF ALLINTOSHIUS (NEMATODA: HELIGMOSOMOIDEA) FROM TWO SPECIES OF BATS IN BRAZIL.

Allintoshius Chitwood, 1937 is the only genus of the family Ornithostrongylidae (Travassos, 1937) Durette-Desset and Chabaud, 1981 that parasitizes bats. Currently, there are 10 valid species in the genus, of which 3 were described from Brazil. This study describes a new species of Allintoshius and records the first occurrence of a nematode of this genus parasitizing Artibeus lituratus (Olfers).

HELMINTH FAUNA OF THECADACTYLUS RAPICAUDA (HOUTTUYN, 1782) (SQUAMATA, PHYLLODACTYLIDAE) IN THE CAXIUANÃ NATIONAL FOREST, FROM THE BRAZILIAN EASTERN AMAZON.

The Amazon region is an important region for biodiversity, and many new species are described for this region each year. However, the diversity of parasites infecting Amazonian reptiles is still poorly known, and there are few studies about how parasite communities of these hosts are structured. Our study was designed to elucidate the parasite community structure of Thecadactylus rapicauda, one of the largest species of gekkonid lizards in the world, and to discover the relative utility of size, sex, and body mass of Thecadactylus rapicauda as predictive factors of the abundance of helminth parasites.

Do host habitat use and cospeciation matter in the evolution of (Nematoda, Molineidae) from neotropical amphibians?

The genus Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917 includes approximately 90 species that are parasitic on amphibians and reptiles around the world, of which 43 occur in the neotropical region. However, molecular data supporting the taxonomic status of most species of the genus are scarce, and their phylogenetic relationships remain unknown. Using specimens of four molineid taxa (Oswaldocruzia belenensis Santos, Giese, Maldonado Jr.

Morphological diagnosis of Setaria labiatopapillosa in domestic bovids from Marajó Island, Brazil.

The genus Setaria is known worldwide for parasiting wild and domestic mammals, with 43 species registered, of which five occur in the American continent. The objective of this study was to characterize the occurrence, morphology and morphometry of S. labiatopapillosa in B.

Interrelationships of Anenterotrema (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) from Neotropical bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) with description of a new species from Molossus molossus in Brazil.

Anenterotrema is a small genus of dicrocoeliids (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) containing 6 species found in Neotropical bats. Members of this genus are characterized by the lack of digestive system organs and, unlike the majority of dicrocoeliids, parasitize the intestine of their definitive hosts. In this study, we have morphologically examined newly collected specimens belonging to four species of Anenterotrema from Brazil, Ecuador, and Panama.

A New Species of Cosmocercoides (Ascaridida: Cosmocercidae) Parasitic in Tree Frogs from Southern Amazonia.

Cosmocercoides meridionalis n. sp. is described from the large and small intestines of 5 species of tree frogs belonging to the families Hylidae and Phyllomedusidae collected from 2 localities in Southern Amazonia.

A new species of Metadelphis Travassos, 1944 (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) from the gall-bladder of Molossus molossus (Pallas) (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in the Brazilian eastern Amazon.

Metadelphis tkachi n. sp. is described based on material from the gall-bladder of Molossus molossus (Pallas) (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in the Brazilian eastern Amazon.

Contracaecum larvae: morphological and morphometric retrospective analysis, biogeography and zoonotic risk in the amazon.

In Brazil there are several records of parasitic nematodes of fish with zoonotic potential, especially those belonging to the family Anisakidae. This study considers the morphology, morphometry and prevalence of Contracaecum in Astronotus ocellatus , fish consumed in the Amazon and sold as ornamental and it also performs a retrospective analysis of the diversity of fish with larvae of Contracaecum, in studies carried out in Brazil over a period of 90 years. 40 specimens of A.

First report of filarial nematodes in free-living pitheciid primates.

Although little studied, infections with nematodes of the Onchocercidae Leiper, 1911, predominated by the genera Dipetalonema Diesing, 1861 and Mansonella Faust, 1929, are frequent in wild primates and human populations in the Neotropical forest areas. This study reports natural infections with Dipetalonema freitasi Bain, Diagne & Muller, 1987 and D. gracile (Rudolphi, 1809) in two free-living species of pitheciid primates, extending the known geographical distribution of these species to the forest of the Peruvian Amazon.

Cucullanus marajoara n. sp. (Nematoda: Cucullanidae), a parasite of Colomesus psittacus (Osteichthyes: Tetraodontiformes) in the Marajó, Brazil.

Cucullanus marajoara n. sp. (Cucullanidae) is reported to parasitize Colomesus psittacus (Tetraodontiformes), which is a fish species from the Marajó Archipelago, state of Pará, estuarine region of the Brazilian Amazon.

A new species of Baylis, 1923 (Nematoda, Camallanidae) from (Agassiz, 1831) (Perciformes, Cichlidae) in Brazil.

A new species of Baylis, 1923 was found as a parasite of the fish (Agassiz, 1831) from a lake in the Jardim Botânico Bosque Rodrigues Alves, Belém, Brazil. has a smooth buccal capsule and a well-developed basal ring that is armed with four sclerotized tooth-like structures. The male of the new species is similar to the two species that are known from Brazilian fish, Pinto, Fábio, Noronha & Rolas, 1976, and Kohn & Fernandes, 1988, by the absence of the gubernaculum.

Oswaldocruzia lanfrediae n. sp. (Strongylida: Molineidae), a parasite of Leptodactylus paraensis Heyer (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Brazil.

Leptodactylus paraensis Heyer, is a Neotropical anuran species that inhabits Rainforest habitats in the eastern Amazon, but because it has only been recently separated from the Leptodactylus pentadactylus (Laurenti) species group, little is known about its helminth fauna. This study describes a new species of Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917 and records the first occurrence of this genus parasitising L. paraensis and the second species for the Caxiuanã National Forest in the eastern Amazon, Brazil.

Canine filariasis in the Amazon: Species diversity and epidemiology of these emergent and neglected zoonoses.

Dirofilaria immitis and Acanthocheilonema reconditum are common parasites in dogs but have also been reported parasitizing humans. The differential diagnosis and epidemiological evaluation of these zoonoses are important to the development of efficient public health policies and control strategies. The purpose of this study was to carry out an epidemiological survey by using molecular methods for the specific identification of filarid parasites of domestic dogs in the Marajó mesoregion, State of Pará (PA), Brazil.

Occurrence of Dipetalonema gracile in a wild population of woolly monkey Lagothrix poeppiigii in the northeastern Peruvian Amazon.

Dipetalonema gracile (Rudolphi, 1809) (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) is one of six species of cavities filarial parasites of Neotropical non-human primates. The present study recorded the occurrence of D. gracile, provides morphological and morphometric data and extends the geographical distribution.

Atractis thapari (Nematoda, Atractidae) parasitizing Chelonoidis carbonarius and C. denticulatus (Testudinidae) in the state of Piauí, Brazil.

Atractis thapari Petter, 1966, an atractid nematode, was collected parasitizing the large intestine of tortoises of the species Chelonoidis carbonarius (Spix, 1824) (Cc) and C. denticulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Cd) (Testudinidae) in the Zoobotanical Park of the municipality of Teresina, state of Piauí, Brazil. Taxonomic identification was based on morphological and morphometrical features, and using bright-field and scanning electron microscopy.

Description, biology and molecular characterisation of Serpentirhabdias moi n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from Chironius exoletus (Serpentes: Colubridae) in Brazil.

A new species of the genus Serpentirhabdias Tkach, Kuzmin et Snyder, 2014, S. moi n. sp.