Iron Absorption from Iron-Enriched Is Similar to Ferrous Sulfate in Healthy Female Subjects.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a global health issue, affecting mainly children and adolescent and pregnant women. Because of problems associated with current iron compounds used in both supplementation and fortification areas, there is an emerging interest in new natural iron sources to combat IDA.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the iron absorption of iron-enriched [Aspiron (ASP)] with FeSO in humans.

The effect of soy protein beverages on serum cell adhesion molecule concentrations in prehypertensive/stage 1 hypertensive individuals.

Objective: Prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals are at increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), in part because hypertension contributes to endothelial dysfunction and increased cell adhesion molecule expression. Soy protein and isoflavones may favorably alter CVD risk factors, and hence the aim of this study was to determine whether intake of cow's milk compared with soy beverage prepared from whole soy bean (WSB) or soy protein isolate (SPI) would lower soluble cell adhesion molecule concentrations as a means of decreasing CVD risk.

Methods: We enrolled healthy prehypertensive/stage 1 hypertensive men (n = 60; 18-63 years) and premenopausal women (n = 8; 20-48 years).

The soy isoflavones for reducing bone loss (SIRBL) study: a 3-y randomized controlled trial in postmenopausal women.

Background: Our previous study indicated that soy protein with isoflavones lessened lumbar spine bone loss in midlife women.

Objective: We examined the efficacy of isoflavones (extracted from soy protein) on bone mineral density (BMD) in nonosteoporotic postmenopausal women. We hypothesized that isoflavone tablets would spare BMD, with biological (age, body weight, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) and lifestyle (physical activity, dietary intake) factors modulating BMD loss.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is related to indicators of overall physical fitness in healthy postmenopausal women.

Objective: Inadequate vitamin D status is related to increased adiposity, risk of falls, and muscle weakness, particularly in older people. We hypothesized that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is related to physical fitness indices (androidal fat, whole body lean mass, balance, strength) in healthy postmenopausal women.

Methods: Covariates for fitness indices included age or years since menopause, weight, 25(OH)D, energy expenditure, and calcium intake.

Centrally located body fat is related to appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women.

Objective: Body composition and energy homeostasis are thought to affect the appetitive hormones: adiponectin, leptin, insulin, and ghrelin. This study examined whether centrally located fat and/or overall adiposity were related to these appetitive hormones in healthy postmenopausal women.

Design: Overall and regional body composition was assessed by dual-energy X ray absorptiometry in relation to plasma adiponectin, serum leptin, serum insulin, and plasma ghrelin in 242 postmenopausal women.

Centrally located body fat is related to inflammatory markers in healthy postmenopausal women.

Objective: C-reactive protein and fibrinogen are established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors. These acute-phase proteins and the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1beta may be elevated in obesity and with menopause. The purpose of this multicenter study was to identify whether centrally located fat and/or overall adiposity were related to these inflammatory markers in healthy postmenopausal women.

Relationship of circulating total homocysteine and C-reactive protein to trabecular bone in postmenopausal women.

Homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are novel risk factors for osteoporosis. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the relationship of Hcy and CRP to volumetric trabecular bone, but also to assess their relationship to areal composite bone in healthy postmenopausal women (N=184). We used peripheral quantitative computed tomography to assess volumetric bone at the distal tibia and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess areal composite bone at the proximal femur and lumbar spine.

Prevention of mouse skin tumor promotion by dietary energy restriction requires an intact adrenal gland and glucocorticoid supplementation restores inhibition.

Our laboratory has demonstrated in the previous studies that dietary energy restriction (DER) inhibited the promotion of skin tumorigenesis and others have found that adrenalectomy may reverse that inhibition. The purpose of the research reported here was to determine if circulating corticosterone (CCS) may be the adrenal hormone responsible for DER prevention of skin carcinogenesis. Female SENCAR mice were initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in either sham-operated or adrenalectomized (ADX) mice fed ad libitum (AL) or energy restricted diets.

Individual and interactive effects of apigenin analogs on G2/M cell-cycle arrest in human colon carcinoma cell lines.

Apigenin has been previously shown to induce G2/M cell-cycle arrest in human colon cancer cell lines. The present study assessed the individual and interactive influence of seven apigenin analogs on cell cycle, cell number, and cell viability in human SW480 and Caco-2 colonic carcinoma cells. Cellular concentration of selected apigenin analogs was further assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography to assess cellular availability.