Prevalence, Patient Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Canadian Adults With Common Comorbidities.

Background: Whether certain medical conditions are associated with blood pressure (BP) treatment and control is unclear.

Methods: Using the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2019), BP was assessed according to the presence of selected comorbidities, including prior heart attack or stroke, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, and overweight or obesity.

Results: A total of 5,841,453 people, representing 23.

Neighborhood material versus social deprivation in Canada: different patterns of associations with child and adolescent mental health problems.

Purpose: In a nationwide study, we aimed to study the association of neighborhood deprivation with child and adolescent mental health problems.

Methods: We used data from the Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth (N = 47,871; age range: 1-17 years) and linked these to Neighborhood Material and Social Deprivation data calculated using Canada's Census of Population. Using a series of logistic regressions, we studied the association between living in deprived areas and mental health problems among children and youth.

Associations between negative COVID-19 experiences and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a study based on a representative Canadian national sample.

Introduction: Amid the widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, a notable increase in symptoms of anxiety and depression has become a pressing concern. This study examined the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in Canada from September to December 2020, assessing demographic and socioeconomic influences, as well as the potential role of COVID-19 diagnoses and related negative experiences.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health by Statistics Canada, which used a two-stage sample design to gather responses from 14 689 adults across ten provinces and three territorial capitals, excluding less than 2% of the population.

Epidemiology of Resistant Hypertension in Canada.

Background: Resistant hypertension is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension in Canadian adults and examine the characteristics of those affected.

Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted with the use of Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2017) data.

Self-Reported Lifetime History of Eating Disorders and Mortality in the General Population: A Canadian Population Survey with Record Linkage.

Eating disorders (EDs) are often reported to have the highest mortality of any mental health disorder. However, this assertion is based on clinical samples, which may provide an inaccurate view of the actual risks in the population. Hence, in the current retrospective cohort study, mortality of self-reported lifetime history of EDs in the general population was explored.

Association Between Excess Sleep Duration and Risk of Stroke: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Excess sleep is associated with higher risk of stroke, but whether the risk is modified by age and if it remains elevated after accounting for the competing risk of death is not well understood.

Methods: We used nine years of the Canadian Community Health Survey between 2000 to 2016 to obtain self-reported sleep duration and created a cohort of individuals without prior stroke, heart disease, or cancer. We linked to hospital records to determine subsequent admissions or emergency department visits for acute stroke until December 31, 2017.

Association Between Excess Leisure Sedentary Time and Risk of Stroke in Young Individuals.

Background And Purpose: The association between physical activity (PA) and lower risk of stroke is well established, but the relationship between leisure sedentary time and stroke is less well studied.

Methods: We used 9 years of the Canadian Community Health Survey between 2000 and 2012 to create a cohort of healthy individuals without prior stroke, heart disease, or cancer. We linked to hospital records to determine subsequent hospitalization or emergency department visit for stroke until December 31, 2017.

Association Between Physical Activity and Mortality Among Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors.

Background And Objective: To determine the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mortality in community-dwelling stroke survivors.

Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey was used to obtain self-reported PA across 4 survey years and was linked to administrative databases to obtain prior diagnosis of stroke and subsequent all-cause mortality. PA was measured as metabolic equivalents (METs) per week and meeting minimal PA guidelines was defined as 10 MET-h/wk.

Impairment in Health-Related Quality of Life among Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors.

Introduction: Health utility instruments are increasingly being used to measure impairment in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after stroke. Population-based studies of HRQoL after stroke and assessment of differences by age and functional domain are needed.

Methods: We used the Canadian Community Health Survey linked with administrative databases to determine HRQoL using the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) among those with prior hospitalization or emergency department visit for stroke and compared to controls without stroke.

Outdoor Air Pollution and Depression in Canada: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study from 2011 to 2016.

To assess whether exposure to increased levels of outdoor air pollution is associated with psychological depression, six annual iterations of the Canadian Community Health Survey ( ≈ 127,050) were used to estimate the prevalence of a major depressive episode (2011-2014) or severity of depressive symptoms (2015-2016). Survey data were linked with outdoor air pollution data obtained from the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium, with outdoor air pollution represented by fine particulate matter ≤2.5 micrometers (μm) in diameter (PM), ozone (O), sulfur dioxide (SO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO).

Physical Activity and Mental Health: A Cross-sectional Study of Canadian Youth.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the associations between recreational and non-recreational physical activity with mental health outcomes among Canadian youth aged 12-17.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the 2015/2016 Canadian Community Health Survey was used for analysis. Physical activity was classified as either recreational or non-recreational.

Worsening Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control Rates in Canadian Women Between 2007 and 2017.

Background: Hypertension continues to be the leading cause of preventable death and disability. The objective of this study was to examine hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control for women and men in Canada over the last decade.

Methods: A nationally representative, cross-sectional study was conducted using the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2017).

The Association of Active Living Environments and Mental Health: A Canadian Epidemiological Analysis.

Environments that promote use of active transport (walking, biking, and public transport use) are known as "active living environments" (ALE). Using a Canadian national sample, our aim was to determine if ALEs were associated with mental health outcomes, including depressive symptoms, and mood and anxiety disorders. Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey from 2015-2016 was used for demographic characteristics and mental health outcomes ( ≈ 110,000).

Mental Health among Canadian Postsecondary Students: A Mental Health Crisis?

Objective: Recent reports express concerns about a mental health crisis among postsecondary students. These assertions, however, often arise from surveys conducted in postsecondary settings that lack the broader context of a referent group. The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the mental health status of postsecondary students 18 to 25 years old from 2011 to 2017 and (2) to compare the mental health status of postsecondary students to nonstudents.

Seasonal variation in specific depressive symptoms: A population based study.

Introduction: Depression varies with season in Canadian youth. However, the symptom profile of seasonal depression may differ from that of non-seasonal depression. Here we evaluate which specific symptoms vary by season.

Electronic cigarette use and mental health: A Canadian population-based study.

Background: To examine the association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and adverse mental health status.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2015 and 2016 Canadian Community Health Survey (n = 53,050). Sampling weights and associated bootstrap procedures were used to account for survey design effects.

Seasonal variation in symptoms of depression: A Canadian population based study.

Background: There is no consensus as to whether depressive symptoms vary by season. Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), the purpose of this study was to evaluate seasonal variation in depressive symptoms in the Canadian household population.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of data from the CCHS in 2015 and 2016 was used.