Vaginal microbiota stability over 18 months in young student women in France.

Purpose: Non-optimal vaginal microbiota lacking lactobacilli and comprising a wide array of anaerobic bacteria, typified by community state type (CST) IV, have been associated with adverse gynecological and pregnancy outcomes. Here, we investigate the stability of the vaginal microbiota sampled every 6 months over 18 months and how samples distantly collected combined with exposures could provide insight on future microbiota compositional changes.

Methods: Vaginal microbiota dynamics were analyzed in 241 female students aged 18-24 years and negative for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Metabolic outcomes in obese mice undergoing one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) with a long or a short biliopancreatic limb.

One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has gained importance as a simple, safe, and effective operation to treat morbid obesity. We previously found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery with a long compared with a short biliopancreatic limb (BPL) leads to improved weight loss and glucose tolerance in obese mice. However, it is not known whether a long BPL in OAGB surgery also results in beneficial metabolic outcomes.

Dynamics and consequences of nutrition-related microbial dysbiosis in early life: study protocol of the VITERBI GUT project.

Introduction: Early life under- and overnutrition (jointly termed malnutrition) is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for adult obesity and metabolic syndrome, a diet-related cluster of conditions including high blood sugar, fat and cholesterol. Nevertheless, the exact factors linking early life malnutrition with metabolic syndrome remain poorly characterized. We hypothesize that the microbiota plays a crucial role in this trajectory and that the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying under- and overnutrition are, to some extent, shared.

Factors Associated With Incidence and Spontaneous Clearance of Molecular-Bacterial Vaginosis: Results From a Longitudinal Frequent-Sampling Observational Study.

Background: We sought to assess time-independent and time-varying factors associated with incidence and spontaneous clearance of molecular-bacterial vaginosis (BV; without treatment).

Methods: Midvaginal samples were self-collected daily by 100 participants recruited at the University of Alabama Birmingham for 10 weeks (4778 samples). Vaginal microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and clustered into community state types (CSTs).

The Cervicovaginal Microbiota-Host Interaction Modulates Chlamydia trachomatis Infection.

The mechanism(s) by which -dominated cervicovaginal microbiota provide a barrier to infection remain(s) unknown. Here we evaluate the impact of different spp. identified via culture-independent metataxonomic analysis of -infected women on infection in a three-dimensional (3D) cervical epithelium model.

Vaginal microbiota composition and association with prevalent infection: a cross-sectional study of young women attending a STI clinic in France.

Objectives: New molecular techniques have allowed describing groups of bacterial communities in the vagina (community state types (CST)) that could play an important role in (CT) infection. Our aim was to describe the distribution of CST in a population of young women in France.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in June 2015 among anonymous young women attending a STI clinic in Bordeaux, France.

Early screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in young women for primary prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease (i-Predict): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection, especially among young women. Mostly asymptomatic, it can lead, if untreated, to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Recent data suggest that Ct infections are not controlled in France and in Europe.

A community survey of antibiotic consumption among children in Madagascar and Senegal: the importance of healthcare access and care quality.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is growing in low-income countries (LICs). Children in LICs are particularly at risk. Information on antibiotic consumption is needed to control the development and spread of resistant bacteria.