Family life and autistic children with sensory processing differences: A qualitative evidence synthesis of occupational participation.

Unlabelled: Autistic children with sensory processing differences successfully navigate and engage in meaningful family daily occupations within home and community environments through the support of their family. To date however, much of the research on autistic children with sensory processing differences, has primarily been deficit focused, while much of the caregiver research has focused on issues of distress, burden, effort, and emotional trauma in coping with their child's diagnosis. This study aimed to conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis, using a meta-ethnographic approach to explore the gap identified in understanding successful occupational experiences of family participation and daily family routines when supporting an autistic child with sensory processing differences and to offer an alternative strengths-based perspective.

'This is your golden time. You enjoy it and you've plenty time for crying after': How dysphagia impacts family caregivers of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - A qualitative study.

Background: Dysphagia (swallowing impairments) is a well-recognised symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Caring for a person with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has been recognised as a complex and demanding task. No study to date investigated the impact of dysphagia on the lives of caregivers of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

How do people with Motor Neurone Disease experience dysphagia? A qualitative investigation of personal experiences.

Introduction: Motor Neurone Disease is a rapidly progressing, fatal and relatively rare neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology. People diagnosed with Motor Neurone Disease develop a range of symptoms including dysphagia (swallowing impairments). Although generally recognized to cause serious medical and psycho-social consequences, little is known how this population experiences dysphagia.

How do older people discuss their own sexuality? A systematic review of qualitative research studies.

This study captured older people's attitudes and concerns about sex and sexuality in later life by synthesising qualitative research published on this issue. The systematic review was conducted between November 2015 and June 2016 based on a pre-determined protocol. Key words were used to ensure a precise search strategy.

Effect of ulixertinib, a novel ERK1/2 inhibitor, on the QT/QTc interval in patients with advanced solid tumor malignancies.

Purpose: The aim of this analysis was to investigate the potential for ulixertinib (BVD-523) to prolong cardiac repolarization. The mean prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval was predicted at the mean maximum drug concentrations of the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D; 600 mg BID) and of higher concentrations. In addition, the effect of ulixertinib on other quantitative ECG parameters was assessed.

Predictors of retention among African American and Hispanic older adult research participants in the Well Elderly 2 randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to document predictors of long-term retention among minority participants in the Well Elderly 2 Study, a randomized controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention for community-dwelling older adults. The primary sample included 149 African American and 92 Hispanic men and women aged 60 to 95 years, recruited at senior activity centers and senior residences. Chi-square and logistic regression procedures were undertaken to examine study-based, psychosocial and health-related predictors of retention at 18 months following study entry.

Effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in promoting the well-being of independently living older people: results of the Well Elderly 2 Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Older people are at risk for health decline and loss of independence. Lifestyle interventions offer potential for reducing such negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a preventive lifestyle-based occupational therapy intervention, administered in a variety of community-based sites, in improving mental and physical well-being and cognitive functioning in ethnically diverse older people.

Qualitative study of principles pertaining to lifestyle and pressure ulcer risk in adults with spinal cord injury.

Purpose: The aim of this article is to identify overarching principles that explain how daily lifestyle considerations affect pressure ulcer development as perceived by adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Method: Qualitative in-depth interviews over an 18-month period with 20 adults with spinal injury and a history of pressure ulcers were conducted using narrative and thematic analyses.

Results: Eight complexly interrelated daily lifestyle principles that explain pressure ulcer development were identified: perpetual danger; change/disruption of routine; decay of prevention behaviors; lifestyle risk ratio; individualization; simultaneous presence of prevention awareness and motivation; lifestyle trade-off; and access to needed care, services and supports.

Response factors surrounding progression of pressure ulcers in community-residing adults with spinal cord injury.

Objective: This study examined how community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) respond in real-life circumstances after detecting a low-grade (Stage 1 or Stage 2) pressure ulcer.

Method: We performed a secondary analysis of personal information profiles obtained in a previous qualitative research study. Profiles were examined to explore how individualized lifestyle considerations affected pressure ulcer risk in 19 adults with SCI who responded to an early ulcer that later progressed to a medically serious level.

Confronting challenges in intervention research with ethnically diverse older adults: the USC Well Elderly II Trial.

Background: Community-dwelling older adults are at risk for declines in physical health, cognition, and psychosocial well-being. However, their enactment of active and health-promoting lifestyles can reduce such declines.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe the USC Well Elderly II study, a randomized clinical trial designed to test the effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle program for elders, and document how various methodological challenges were addressed during the course of the trial.

Data-based models of how pressure ulcers develop in daily-living contexts of adults with spinal cord injury.

Objective: To examine the daily-lifestyle influences on the development of pressure ulcers in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Qualitative investigation using in-depth interviewing and participant observation.

Setting: Participants were studied in their homes and other naturalistic contexts.

Qualitative data analysis: challenges and dilemmas related to theory and method.

The purpose of this article is to initiate a discussion of the struggles and challenges we encountered as we developed a method of analysis for a particular qualitative study. We present our thinking process showing the questions that arose, the theoretical ideas on which we relied, and the decisions we made at crucial junctures. Portions from several theoretical frames used as the basis for the analysis are presented and include Polkinghorne's (1995) narrative inquiry, Glaser and Strauss's (1967) and Charmaz's (2000) grounded theory, Riessman's (1990b) mixed approach to analysis, and Rosaldo's (1989) ideas on reflexivity.

Cost-effectiveness of preventive occupational therapy for independent-living older adults.

Objectives: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a 9-month preventive occupational therapy (OT) program in the Well-Elderly Study: a randomized trial in independent-living older adults that found significant health, function, and quality of life benefits attributable to preventive OT.

Design: A randomized trial.

Setting: Two government-subsidized apartment complexes.

En Route to Adulthood: A High School Transition Program for Adolescents with Disabilities.

In 1984, an occupational therapy-based independent living skills transition program was established at Savanna Hihh School in Anaheim, California, the purpose of which was to facilitate the transition of adolescents with disabilities from high school to adult life roles. The conceptualization of this program was based on themes central to the emerging discipline of occupational science which were extracted from the occupational behavior frame of reference and from complementary literature of other disciplines. These themes include occupation and occupational role, environment, independence, and adaptation.

The Application of the Occupational Science Negative Heuristic in the Treatment of Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Infection.

The knowledge that one is infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inevitably generates psychological fragility. Fear of disfiguring physical symptoms, loss of occupational role and financial status, rejection and social ostracism, and of death itself may be overwhelming. In this paper, we extracted themes from the negative heuristic of occupational science in order to conceptualize occupational therapy programming that would meet the needs of persons in various stages of HIV infection.