Topical paromomycin for New World cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: Paromomycin-based topical treatments were shown to be effective in curing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions caused by Leishmania major in Tunisia. Cure rates of an index lesion were approximately 80%. As a follow on, we conducted a similar Phase 3 trial in Panama to demonstrate the efficacy of these treatments against New World species.

Topical paromomycin with or without gentamicin for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: There is a need for a simple and efficacious treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis with an acceptable side-effect profile.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, vehicle-controlled phase 3 trial of topical treatments containing 15% paromomycin, with and without 0.5% gentamicin, for cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major in Tunisia.