Contemporary outcomes for arterial reconstruction with non-saphenous vein cryo-preserved conduits.

Objective: Cryopreserved (CP) products are utilized during challenging cases when autogenous or prosthetic conduit use is not feasible. Despite decades of experience with cadaveric greater saphenous vein (GSV), there is limited available data regarding the outcomes and patency of other CP products, specifically arterial and deep venous grafts. This study was designed to evaluate outcomes of non-GSV CP conduits in patients undergoing urgent, emergent, and elective arterial reconstruction at our institution.

Exploring Individual and Contextual Factors Associated With Sexual Risk and Substance Use Among Underserved GBQMSM and Transgender and Nonbinary Persons in South Central Appalachia.

Gay, bisexual, queer, and other men who have sex with men (GBQMSM) and transgender and nonbinary persons are at elevated risk for HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and hepatitis C (HCV); in Appalachia, these communities experience more disease burden. However, little is known about the factors influencing risk. Sixteen semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted examining factors influencing prevention and care.

Uric Acid Is Not Associated With Cardiovascular Health in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Context: Uric acid's role in cardiovascular health in youth with type 1 diabetes is unknown.

Objective: Investigate whether higher uric acid is associated with increased blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness over time in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and if overweight/obesity modifies this relationship.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis of data from adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes from 2 visits (mean follow up 4.

Preconception Counseling in Women With Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Preconception counseling is recommended for all women with diabetes starting at puberty to convey the importance of optimal diabetes management for maternal and fetal outcomes. This study included 622 female participants from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study with a mean age of 22.2 years (range 14-35 years).

Diabetes complications and cognitive function in young adults with youth-onset type 1 or type 2 diabetes: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Aims/hypotheses: People with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) who also have diabetes complications can have pronounced cognitive deficits. It remains unknown, however, whether and how multiple diabetes complications co-occur with cognitive dysfunction, particularly in youth-onset diabetes.

Methods: Using data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study cohort, a prospective longitudinal cohort, we examined clustering of complications and their underlying clinical factors with performance on cognitive tests in young adults with youth-onset T1D or T2D.

A Single-Center Experience with Forearm Arteriovenous Loop Grafts for Hemodialysis.

Background: Autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) remains the standard of hemodialysis (HD) access; however, it cannot be reasonably obtained in all patients. For patients with contraindications to AVFs, prosthetic arteriovenous graft (AVG) remains an alternative. AVGs are plagued by high failure rates; however, there is a paucity of literature examining this.

Prevalence of chronic opioid use in patients with peripheral arterial disease undergoing revascularization.

Objective: Opiate use, dependence, and the associated morbidity and mortality are major current public health problems in the United States. Little is known about patterns of opioid use in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of chronic preoperative and postoperative prescription opioid use in patients with PAD.

Disparities in Hemoglobin A Testing During the Transition to Adulthood and Association With Diabetes Outcomes in Youth-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Objective: To identify correlates of hemoglobin A (HbA) testing frequency and associations with HbA levels and microvascular complications in youth-onset diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study collected data from individuals diagnosed with diabetes before age 20 at 8 years (=1,885 type 1, =230 type 2) and 13 years (=649 type 1, = 84 type 2) diabetes duration. We identified correlates of reporting ≥3 HbA tests/year using logistic regression.

Glycemic control is associated with dyslipidemia over time in youth with type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.

Background: Dyslipidemia has been documented in youth with type 2 diabetes. There is a paucity of studies examining dyslipidemia over time in youth with type 2 diabetes and associated risk factors.

Objective: To evaluate lipids at baseline and follow-up and associated risk factors in youth with type 2 diabetes.

Increase in Prevalence of Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Diagnosis Among Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Objective: We previously reported a high (˜30%) but stable prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at youth-onset diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (2002 and 2010). Given the changing demographics of youth-onset type 1 diabetes, we sought to evaluate temporal trends in the prevalence of DKA at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes from 2010 to 2016 among youth <20 years of age and evaluate whether any change observed was associated with changes in sociodemographic distribution of those recently diagnosed.

Research Design And Methods: We calculated prevalence of DKA within 1 month of type 1 diabetes diagnosis by year and evaluated trends over time (2010-2016) ( = 7,612 incident diabetes cases; mean [SD] age 10.

Cognitive Function in Adolescents and Young Adults With Youth-Onset Type 1 Versus Type 2 Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Objective: Poor cognition has been observed in children and adolescents with youth-onset type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with control subjects without diabetes. Differences in cognition between youth-onset T1D and T2D, however, are not known. Thus, using data from SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth, a multicenter, observational cohort study, we tested the association between diabetes type and cognitive function in adolescents and young adults with T1D ( = 1,095) or T2D ( = 285).

Dietary strategies to manage diabetes and glycemic control in youth and young adults with youth-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.

Aims: Examine associations of dietary strategies used to manage diabetes over time with hemoglobin A1c in youth-onset type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth observational study assessed dietary strategies used by 1814 participants with diabetes (n = 1558 type 1, n = 256 type 2) at two to three research visits over 5.5 years (range 1.

The association of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with elevated arterial stiffness in adolescents and young adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study.

Aim: Our aim was to explore the relationship of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) in youth with T1D and T2D. We hypothesized the association of LDL-C with elevated arterial stiffness (AS) would be partially accounted by the co-occurrence of other CVD factors.

Method: We included 1376 youth with T1D and 157 with T2D from the SEARCH study.

Progression to hypertension in youth and young adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Central obesity may contribute to the development of hypertension in youths with diabetes. The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study followed 1518 youths with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 177 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosed when <20 years of age for incident hypertension. Incident hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥95th percentile (or ≥130/80 mm Hg) or reporting antihypertensive therapy among those without hypertension at baseline.

Receipt of recommended complications and comorbidities screening in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes: Associations with metabolic status and satisfaction with care.

Objectives: This study sought to: (a) assess the prevalence of diabetes complications and comorbidities screening as recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for youth and young adults (YYAs) with type 1 diabetes (T1D), (b) examine the association of previously measured metabolic status related to diabetes complications with receipt of recommended clinical screening, and (c) examine the association of satisfaction with diabetes care with receipt of recommended clinical screening.

Methods: The study included 2172 SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth participants with T1D (>10 years old, diabetes duration >5 years). Mean participant age was 17.

Association of metformin and statin medications with surrogate measures of cardiovascular disease in youth with type 1 diabetes: the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.

Purpose: Youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated if metformin or statin use was associated with surrogate measures of improved CVD.

Methods: We included participants from the SEARCH observational study.

Co-occurrence of early diabetes-related complications in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: an observational cohort study.

Background: One in three adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes have at least one early diabetes-related complication or comorbidity. We aimed to examine the prevalence and pattern of co-occurring complications in this population, as well as the related risk factors.

Methods: This observational cohort study includes data from individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before age 20 years who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study across five sites in the USA.

COMPASS-CP: An Electronic Application to Capture Patient-Reported Outcomes to Develop Actionable Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Care Plans.

Background Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are clinical tools that measure patients' goals of care and assess patient-reported physical, mental, and social well-being. Despite their value in advancing patient-centered care, routine use of PROs in stroke management has lagged. As part of the pragmatic COMPASS (Comprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services) trial, we developed COMPASS-Care Plan (CP), a clinician-facing application that captures and analyzes PROs for stroke and transient ischemic attack patients discharged home and immediately generates individualized electronic CP.

Changes in diabetes medication regimens and glycemic control in adolescents and young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe recent medication patterns and changes in medication patterns and glycemic control in adolescents and young adults with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Using data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of treatments for adolescents and young adults with incident T2D in 2 periods (2002-2005 vs 2008/2012), and a longitudinal analysis of medications and glycemic control for a subset with baseline and follow-up visits. Comparisons were performed using χ , Fisher's exact, or ANOVA.

Attempted salvage of infected cardiovascular implantable electronic devices: Are there clinical factors that predict success?

Background: Published guidelines mandate complete device removal in cases of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection. Clinical predictors of successful salvage of infected CIEDs have not been defined.

Methods: Data from the Multicenter Electrophysiologic Device Infection Collaboration, a prospective, observational, multinational cohort study of CIED infection, were used to investigate whether clinical predictors of successful salvage of infected devices could be identified.

New Blood Pressure-Associated Loci Identified in Meta-Analyses of 475 000 Individuals.

Background: Genome-wide association studies have recently identified >400 loci that harbor DNA sequence variants that influence blood pressure (BP). Our earlier studies identified and validated 56 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with BP from meta-analyses of exome chip genotype data. An additional 100 variants yielded suggestive evidence of association.

Cumulative Number of Treatment Interventions Predicts Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia.

Background: Health-related quality of life (QOL) is usually assessed after a defined interval following a single intervention, but critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a chronic condition where multiple interventions are often required over a patient's lifetime. We hypothesized that the impact of CLI treatment interventions on QOL is diminished in the setting of multiple previous interventions. To test this hypothesis, we performed a cross-sectional study evaluating associations between cumulative number of previous peripheral artery disease (PAD) treatment interventions and QOL adjusting for both comorbidity and disease severity.

Association of Type 1 Diabetes vs Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed During Childhood and Adolescence With Complications During Teenage Years and Young Adulthood.

Importance: The burden and determinants of complications and comorbidities in contemporary youth-onset diabetes are unknown.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for complications related to type 1 diabetes vs type 2 diabetes among teenagers and young adults who had been diagnosed with diabetes during childhood and adolescence.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Observational study from 2002 to 2015 in 5 US locations, including 2018 participants with type 1 and type 2 diabetes diagnosed at younger than 20 years, with single outcome measures between 2011 and 2015.