Investigating the impact of a pharmacist intervention on inappropriate prescribing practices at hospital admission and discharge in older patients: a secondary outcome analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Inappropriate medication prescribing in older patients increases the risk of poorer health outcomes and increased costs. The IMMENSE trial, integrated a clinical pharmacist into the health care team, to improve medication therapy among older patients, and to investigate the impact on acute revisits to hospital.

Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and prescribing omissions (PPOs) at hospital admission and discharge.

A Trial-Based Cost-Utility Analysis of a Medication Optimization Intervention Versus Standard Care in Older Adults.

Background: Older adults are at greater risk of medication-related harm than younger adults. The Integrated Medication Management model is an interdisciplinary method aiming to optimize medication therapy and improve patient outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the cost effectiveness of a medication optimization intervention compared to standard care in acutely hospitalized older adults.

Is anticholinergic and sedative drug burden associated with postdischarge institutionalization in community-dwelling older patients acutely admitted to hospital? A Norwegian registry-based study.

Purpose: Investigate the association between anticholinergic (AC) and sedative (SED) drug burden before hospitalization and postdischarge institutionalization (PDI) in community-dwelling older patients acutely admitted to hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from the Norwegian Patient Registry and the Norwegian Prescription Database. We studied acutely hospitalized community-dwelling patients ≥70 years during 2013 (N = 86 509).

Interdisciplinary collaboration across secondary and primary care to improve medication safety in the elderly (The IMMENSE study) - a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Suboptimal medication use contributes to a substantial proportion of hospitalizations and emergency department visits in older adults. We designed a clinical pharmacist intervention to optimize medication therapy in older hospitalized patients. Based on the integrated medicine management (IMM) model, the 5-step IMMENSE intervention comprise medication reconciliation, medication review, reconciled medication list upon discharge, patient counselling, and post discharge communication with primary care.

Intervention fidelity and process outcomes of the IMMENSE study, a pharmacist-led interdisciplinary intervention to improve medication safety in older hospitalized patients.

What Is Known And Objective: The majority of hospitalized older patients experience medication-related problems (MRPs), and there is a call for interventions to solve MRPs and improve clinical outcomes like medical visits. The IMMENSE study is a randomized controlled trial investigating the impact of a pharmacist-led interdisciplinary intervention on emergency medical visits. Its multistep intervention is based on the integrated medicines management methodology and includes a follow-up step with primary care.

The impact of hospitalisation to geriatric wards on the use of medications and potentially inappropriate medications - a health register study.

Background: The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are associated with negative health effects for older adults. The purpose of this study was to apply national register data to investigate the impact of hospitalisation to geriatric wards in Norway on the use of medications and PIMs, and to compare two explicit PIM identification tools.

Methods: We included 715 patients ≥65 years (mean 82.

Interdisciplinary collaboration across secondary and primary care to improve medication safety in the elderly (IMMENSE study): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in the elderly, leading to suboptimal therapy, hospitalisations and increased mortality. The integrated medicines management (IMM) model is a multifactorial interdisciplinary methodology aiming to optimise individual medication therapy throughout the hospital stay. IMM has been shown to reduce readmissions and drug-related hospital readmissions.

[Post-exposure varicella prophylaxis].

Background: Varicella may have a serious and sometimes fatal course, especially in immunocompromised patients. Some patient groups may need prophylaxis after exposure to the varicella-zoster-virus. In this article we review the evidence for usefulness of prophylactic measures after such exposure.

Oxidative stress and the use of antioxidants in diabetes: linking basic science to clinical practice.

Cardiovascular complications, characterized by endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes. There is growing evidence that excess generation of highly reactive free radicals, largely due to hyperglycemia, causes oxidative stress, which further exacerbates the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. Overproduction and/or insufficient removal of these free radicals result in vascular dysfunction, damage to cellular proteins, membrane lipids and nucleic acids.

Vascular dysfunction of venous bypass conduits is mediated by reactive oxygen species in diabetes: role of endothelin-1.

Diabetes is associated with increased risk for complications following coronary bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Augmented superoxide (*O2*) production plays an important role in diabetic complications by causing vascular dysfunction. The potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) is also elevated in diabetes and following CABG; however, the effect of ET-1 on *O2* generation and/or vascular dysfunction in bypass conduits remain unknown.