A comparison of three methods to determine the subject matter in textual data.

This study compares three different methods commonly employed for the determination and interpretation of the subject matter of large corpuses of textual data. The methods reviewed are: (1) topic modeling, (2) community or group detection, and (3) cluster analysis of semantic networks. Two different datasets related to health topics were gathered from Twitter posts to compare the methods.

Triple-Negative Apocrine Carcinomas: Toward a Unified Group With Shared Molecular Features and Clinical Behavior.

Triple-negative apocrine carcinomas (TNACs) are rare breast tumors with limited studies evaluating their molecular characteristics and clinical behavior. We performed a histologic, immunohistochemical, genetic, and clinicopathologic assessment of 42 invasive TNACs (1 with a focal spindle cell component) from 41 patients, 2 pure apocrine ductal carcinomas in situ (A-DCIS), and 1 A-DCIS associated with spindle cell metaplastic carcinoma (SCMBC). All TNACs had characteristic apocrine morphology and expressed androgen receptor (42/42), gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (24/24), and CK5/6 (16/16).

Parental COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States.

Objective: Little is known about parents' willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. We assessed the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among parents with a child or adolescent aged 12-15 years, examined predictors of parents' COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, their reasons for resisting a pediatric COVID-19 vaccine, and the correlation between parents' intentions to vaccinate their child and the acceptance of a vaccine for themselves.

Methods: We conducted a national online survey of 637 parents of a child or adolescent aged 12-15 years in March 2021, before COVID-19 vaccines had been approved for this age group.

Conservative Media Use and Childhood COVID-19 Vaccine Information: A Test of the Contradictory Health Information Processing Model.

The Contradictory Health Information Processing (CHIP) model explains individuals' processing of conflicting health claims. Tests of the model, while highly supportive, have been experimental and have relied upon low-familiar topics. Accordingly, a survey of parents with a child aged <12 years ( = 510) was conducted to test the application of the CHIP model to the controversial issue of childhood COVID-19 vaccination; such a vaccine had not yet been approved for this age group at the time of the survey.

Predictors of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Results of a nationwide survey.

Background: Public polling indicates that vaccine uptake will be suboptimal when COVID-19 vaccines become available. Formative research seeking an understanding of weak vaccination intentions is urgently needed.

Methods: Nationwide online survey of 804 U.

Relationship of people's sources of health information and political ideology with acceptance of conspiratorial beliefs about vaccines.

Background: Conspiracies about vaccination are prevalent. We assessed how the health information sources people rely upon and their political ideologies are associated with acceptance of vaccine conspiracies.

Methods: Online survey (N = 599) on Amazon's Mechanical Turk crowdsource platform.

Exploring the presentation of HPV information online: A semantic network analysis of websites.

Context: Negative vaccination-related information online leads some to opt out of recommended vaccinations.

Objective: To determine how HPV vaccine information is presented online and what concepts co-occur.

Methods: A semantic network analysis of the words in first-page Google search results was conducted using three negative, three neutral, and three positive search terms for 10 base concepts such as HPV vaccine, and HPV immunizations.

Understanding vaccination resistance: vaccine search term selection bias and the valence of retrieved information.

Context: Dubious vaccination-related information on the Internet leads some parents to opt out of vaccinating their children.

Objectives: To determine if negative, neutral and positive search terms retrieve vaccination information that differs in valence and confirms searchers' assumptions about vaccination.

Methods: A content analysis of first-page Google search results was conducted using three negative, three neutral, and three positive search terms for the concepts "vaccine," "vaccination," and "MMR"; 84 of the 90 websites retrieved met inclusion requirements.

Chronic pain management strategies used by low-income overweight Latinos.

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the strategies used to manage chronic pain from the perspective of the individual in group interviews.

Methods: Sixteen low-income overweight Latino adults participated in two group interviews facilitated by a trained moderator who inquired about the type of chronic pain suffered by participants, followed by more specific questions about pain management. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim (Spanish), back-translated into English, and analyzed using thematic analysis.