Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: comparison of dental arch relationships and dental indices at 5, 8, and 10 years.

Background And Trial Design: The Scandcleft intercentre study evaluates the outcomes of four surgical protocols (common method Arm A, and methods B, C, and D) for treatment of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in a set of three randomized trials of primary surgery (Trials 1, 2, and 3).

Objectives: To evaluate and compare dental arch relationships of 5-, 8-, and 10-year-old children with UCLP after four different protocols of primary surgery and to compare three dental indices. The results are secondary outcomes of the overall trial.

Occlusal Outcome of Orthodontic Treatment for Patients With Complete Cleft Lip and Palate.

Aim: To assess occlusal outcomes of orthodontic treatment for patients with complete cleft lip and palate.

Design: Retrospective assessment using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index.

Setting: Consecutive patients treated by one consultant orthodontist at a tertiary care cleft center.

Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: impact of maxillary dental agenesis on craniofacial growth and dental arch relationship in 8 year olds.

Background: It is suggested that dental agenesis affects maxillary protrusion and dental arch relationship in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). In addition, an association between the need for orthognathic surgery and dental agenesis is reported.

Aim: The aim was to study the impact of maxillary dental agenesis on craniofacial growth and dental arch relationship in 8-year-old children with UCLP.

Scandcleft trial of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: Craniofacial cephalometrics at 8 years.

Background: The Scandcleft trial is a randomized controlled trial that includes children with unilateral cleft lip and palate where registrations are standardized and therefore provides the opportunity to describe craniofacial characteristics in a very large sample of patients.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe craniofacial growth and morphology in a large study sample of 8-year-old children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP); before orthodontic treatment and before secondary alveolar bone grafting; and to compare the cephalometric values with age-matched non-cleft children from previous growth studies to identify the differences between untreated cleft- and non-cleft children.

Materials: There are 429 eight-year-old UCLP patients in the Scandcleft study group.

Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: maxillary growth at eight years of age.

Objectives: To assess differences in craniofacial growth at 8 years of age according to the different protocols for primary cleft surgery in the Scandcleft project.

Design And Setting: Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial (RCT) involving 10 centres, including non-syndromic Caucasians with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). In Trial 1, a common surgical method (1a) with soft palate closure at 3-4 months of age and hard palate closure at 12 months of age was tested against similar surgery but with hard palate repair at 36 months (delayed hard palate closure) (1b).

Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: occlusion in 8-year-olds according to the Modified Huddart and Bodenham index.

Background: The Scandcleft international multicenter study is a prospective clinical trial of the long-term outcome after four different surgical protocols for palatal closure in patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). This paper is one of a series of follow-up studies in 8-year olds.

Objectives: To evaluate the dental occlusion of 8-year-old patients after four different protocols of primary surgery for UCLP.

Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: dental anomalies in 8-year olds.

Background: Children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) are reported to display several dental anomalies including agenesis, supernumeraries, as well as variations in dental size, shape, and path of eruption. The extensive sample of individuals with UCLP included in the Scandcleft randomized control trials offers the opportunity to study more rare conditions, which is seldom possible with limited samples.

Objectives: The aim was to study dental anomalies at 8 years of age in children born with UCLP included in the Scandcleft randomized control trials.

Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate. Dental arch relationships in 8 year-olds.

Background And Trial Design: The Scandcleft intercentre study evaluates the outcomes of four surgical protocols for treatment of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Originally 10 cleft centres in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the UK participated in a set of three randomized trials of primary surgery. Three groups of centres (Trials 1, 2, and 3) tested their traditional local surgical protocols (Arms B, C, and D) against a common protocol (Arm A).

Proof of concept trial for a new theory-based intervention to promote child and adult behavior change.

Interventions to change children's behavior typically target adults or children, but rarely both. The aims were to: (a) evaluate acceptability and feasibility of an innovative theory-based intervention designed to change both child and adult behavior, and (b) generate effect sizes for a definitive randomized controlled trial. The oral health of sixty children aged 5-9 years with a repaired cleft lip and/or palate was assessed before randomization to one of three conditions: (a) control group, (b) intervention group in which children and adults were asked to form implementation intentions, or (c) intervention plus booster group in which adults were additionally sent a reminder about the implementation intentions they and their children formed.

A Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 1. Planning and management.

Background And Aims: Longstanding uncertainty surrounds the selection of surgical protocols for the closure of unilateral cleft lip and palate, and randomised trials have only rarely been performed. This paper is an introduction to three randomised trials of primary surgery for children born with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). It presents the protocol developed for the trials in CONSORT format, and describes the management structure that was developed to achieve the long-term engagement and commitment required to complete the project.

Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 6. Dental arch relationships in 5 year-olds.

Background And Aim: Good dentofacial growth is a major goal in the treatment of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). The aim was to evaluate dental arch relationships at age 5 years after four different protocols of primary surgery for UCLP.

Design: Three parallel randomised clinical trials were undertaken as an international multi-centre study by 10 cleft teams in five countries: Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, and the UK.

What are you looking at? Infants' neural processing of an adult's object-directed eye gaze.

Previous research suggests that by 4 months of age infants use the eye gaze of adults to guide their attention and facilitate processing of environmental information. Here we address the question of how infants process the relation between another person and an external object. We applied an ERP paradigm to investigate the neural processes underlying the perception of the direction of an adult's eye gaze in 4-month-old infants.