Long-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction and newly detected glucose abnormalities: predictive value of oral glucose tolerance test and HbA1c.

Background: Disturbances of glucose metabolism can be diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between newly detected disturbances of glucose metabolism and long-term prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to compare the predictive value of an OGTT and HbA1c.

Methods: Patients under the age of 80 years with no known history of diabetes admitted for AMI at the Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, from January 1st, 2006 until December 31st, 2013, were investigated with an OGTT and a HbA1c before discharge and were classified as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes or diabetes according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria.

Effects of exenatide on microvascular reactivity in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease: A randomized controlled study.

Objective: We studied the effect of the GLP-1RA exenatide on skin microvascular function in patients with T2DM and CAD.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with T2DM, CAD, and HbA1C 42-86 mmol/mol were randomized to treatment with exenatide or conventional non-GLP-1-based therapy for 12 weeks. Skin microvascular function was examined in the forearm by LDF and iontophoretic application of acetyl choline and SNP, and by PORH at baseline and after 12 weeks.

Preoperative disturbances of glucose metabolism and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Disturbances of glucose metabolism are important risk factors for coronary artery disease and are associated with an increased mortality risk. The aim was to investigate the association between preoperative disturbances of glucose metabolism and long-term all-cause mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: Patients undergoing a first isolated CABG in 2005-2013 were included.

Electronic cigarettes increase endothelial progenitor cells in the blood of healthy volunteers.

Background And Aims: The use of electronic cigarettes is increasing dramatically on a global scale and its effects on human health remain uncertain. In the present study, we measured endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and microvesicles (MVs) in healthy young volunteers following short-term exposure to inhalation of e-cigarette vapor (ECV) to determine vascular changes.

Methods: Sixteen healthy seldom smokers were randomized into two groups either exposed or not exposed to 10 puffs of ECV for 10 min, in a crossover design.

Estimated glucose disposal rate and long-term survival in type 2 diabetes after coronary artery bypass grafting.

We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study to investigate the association between estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with type 2 diabetes. All patients who underwent primary CABG in Sweden from 2006 to 2013 were identified from the SWEDEHEART register and by record linkage to the National Diabetes Register; all patients with type 2 diabetes were included and formed the study population. Patients were followed until 2013 through national registers for major adverse cardiovascular events and death from any cause.

Relationship between preoperative hemoglobin A1c levels and long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of coronary heart disease and death. We aimed to investigate the association between preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) among patients with T2DM.

Methods: All patients with T2DM who underwent CABG in Sweden from 2003 to 2013 were included from the SWEDEHEART register.

Long-term clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome and dysglycaemia.

Background: Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are major risk factors for atherosclerosis including coronary artery disease (CAD). The present study's aim was to investigate the importance of glucose tolerance for long-term clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: A total 1062 consecutive patients, 781 men and 281 women, aged 32-80 years, admitted to the coronary care unit at Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, for ACS from 2006 to 2008 were included.

Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes and Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Events or Death After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have a high risk of cardiovascular events.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels could predict cardiovascular events or death after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: This was a nationwide population-based observational cohort study that included all patients with T1DM who underwent primary isolated nonemergency CABG in Sweden between 1997 and 2012, according to the Swedish National Diabetes Register and the SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) register.

Long-term prognosis in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of adverse outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Previous studies have reported prognosis in relation to treatment with or without insulin, and not to the type of diabetes.

Objectives: This study investigated long-term survival in patients with type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM) following CABG.

The effects of smoking on levels of endothelial progenitor cells and microparticles in the blood of healthy volunteers.

Background: Cigarette smoking, both active and passive, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease. To assess the impact of brief smoking on the vasculature, we determined levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and circulating microparticles (MPs) following the smoking of one cigarette by young, healthy intermittent smokers.

Materials And Methods: 12 healthy volunteers were randomized to either smoking or not smoking in a crossover fashion.

Combined treatment with exercise training and acarbose improves metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factor profile in subjects with mild type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The effect of exercise training and acarbose on glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and phenotype was investigated in mild type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Sixty-two men and women with type 2 diabetes were randomized to 12 weeks of structured exercise training with or without acarbose treatment or to acarbose alone. Glycemic control was determined by HbA(1c) (A1C), insulin sensitivity (M value) by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and regional fat distribution by computerized tomography and dual X-ray absorptiometry.

Exercise training decreases the concentration of malonyl-CoA and increases the expression and activity of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase in human muscle.

The study was designed to evaluate whether changes in malonyl-CoA and the enzymes that govern its concentration occur in human muscle as a result of physical training. Healthy, middle-aged subjects were studied before and after a 12-wk training program that significantly increased VO2 max by 13% and decreased intra-abdominal fat by 17%. Significant decreases (25-30%) in the concentration of malonyl-CoA were observed after training, 24-36 h after the last bout of exercise.

Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: association with truncal obesity, impaired fitness, and atypical malonyl coenzyme A regulation.

Abdominal obesity and physical inactivity are associated with insulin resistance in humans and contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Likewise, sustained increases in the concentration of malonyl coenzyme A (CoA), an inhibitor of fatty-acid oxidation, have been observed in muscle in association with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in various rodents. In the present study, we assessed whether these factors are present in a defined population of slightly overweight (body mass index, 26.