Publications by authors named "Jean-Yves Brossas"

Malaria is a deadly disease that is transmitted through mosquito bites. Microscopists use a microscope to examine thin blood smears at high magnification (1000x) to identify parasites in red blood cells (RBCs). Estimating parasitemia is essential in determining the severity of the Plasmodium falciparum infection and guiding treatment.

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Identifying fungal clones propagated during outbreaks in hospital settings is a problem that increasingly confronts biologists. Current tools based on DNA sequencing or microsatellite analysis require specific manipulations that are difficult to implement in the context of routine diagnosis. Using deep learning to classify the mass spectra obtained during the routine identification of fungi by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry could be of interest to differentiate isolates belonging to epidemic clones from others.

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Accurate tools for Toxoplasma gondii detection and quantification can be valuable for the early and effective management of toxoplasmosis. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a next-generation end-point PCR technique with high performance. The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of ddPCR for the detection and absolute quantification of T.

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Chagas disease is a debilitating and often fatal pathology resulting from infection by the protozoan parasite . In its recommendations, the World Health Organization states that the diagnosis of infection is usually based on the detection of antibodies against antigens and performed with two methodologically different assays. An inconclusive result can be resolved with a third "confirmatory" assay.

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Serine/threonine phosphatases are responsible for modulating the activities of the protein kinases implicated in the development of several pathologies. Here we identified by a PEP-scan approach a peptide of LRRK2, a Parkinson's disease associated protein, interacting with the phosphatase PP1. In order to study its biological activity, the peptide was fused via its N-terminal to an optimized cell penetrating peptide.

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An antikinetoplastid pharmacomodulation study was done at position 8 of a previously identified pharmacophore in 3-nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine series. Twenty original derivatives bearing an alkynyl moiety were synthesized via a Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction and tested in vitro, highlighting 3 potent (40 nM ≤ EC blood stream form≤ 70 nM) and selective (500 ≤ SI ≤ 1800) anti-T. brucei brucei molecules (19, 21 and 22), in comparison with four reference drugs.

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Vector control programmes are a strategic priority in the fight against malaria. However, vector control interventions require rigorous monitoring. Entomological tools for characterizing malaria transmission drivers are limited and are difficult to establish in the field.

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An antikinetoplastid pharmacomodulation study was conducted at position 6 of the 8-nitroquinolin-2(1)-one pharmacophore. Fifteen new derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against , , and , in parallel with a cytotoxicity assay on the human HepG2 cell line. A potent and selective 6-bromo-substituted antitrypanosomal derivative was revealed, presenting EC values of 12 and 500 nM on trypomastigotes and amastigotes respectively, in comparison with four reference drugs (30 nM ≤ EC ≤ 13 μM).

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We evaluated the usefulness of an quantitative PCR assay performed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) for the diagnosis and prognosis of both invasive and non-invasive aspergillosis. This 4-year retrospective study involved 613 at-risk patients who had either hematological disorders or other immunosuppressive conditions, notably solid organ transplants. Thirty-five patients had proven/probable aspergillosis and thirteen had chronic non-invasive aspergillosis.

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Cell penetrating peptides (CPP) are able cross the membrane and to transport cargos, presenting a great potential in drug delivery and diagnosis. In this paper, we have identified novel natural or synthetic CPPs. We have validated their rapid and efficient time and dose-dependent penetration, the absence of toxicity, the intracellular localization and the stability to proteases degradation, one of the main bottlenecks of peptides.

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Background: Chagas disease is a debilitating often fatal disease resulting from infection by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Chagas disease is endemic in 21 countries of the Americas, and it is an emerging disease in other countries as a result of migration. Given the chronic nature of the infection where intracellular parasites persist for years, the diagnosis of T.

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Background: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF-MS) allows the identification of most bacteria and an increasing number of fungi. The potential for the highest clinical benefit of such methods would be in severe acute infections that require prompt treatment adapted to the infecting species. Our objective was to determine whether yeasts could be identified directly from a positive blood culture, avoiding the 1-3 days subculture step currently required before any therapeutic adjustments can be made.

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MALDI-TOF MS can be used for the identification of microorganism species. We have extended its application to a novel assay of Candida albicans susceptibility to fluconazole, based on monitoring modifications of the proteome of yeast cells grown in the presence of varying drug concentrations. The method was accurate, and reliable, and showed full agreement with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute's reference method.

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The etiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, remains poorly understood, but may be related to cumulative oxidative stress. The prime target of the disease is the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). To study the molecular mechanisms underlying RPE degeneration, we investigated whether repetitive oxidative stress induced premature senescence in RPE cells from the human ARPE-19 cell line.

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Purpose: Oxidative stress is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which involves retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cell death. However, signaling pathways involved in the oxidative-stress-induced RPE cell death are poorly understood. This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of the MAP kinase pathways during the induction of RPE cell death by oxidative stress.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how ethanol causes cell death in ARPE-19 cells, focusing on the leucocyte elastase inhibitor (LEI) pathway.
  • Ethanol exposure resulted in significant cell death, with 50% of cells dying at 4% ethanol and all cells at 10% ethanol, accompanied by nuclear changes and DNA fragmentation.
  • The findings suggest that ethanol induces a unique cell death mechanism combining features of apoptosis and necrosis, likely linked to the activation of LEI and subsequent conversion to L-DNase II.
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