Publications by authors named "Jean-Sebastien Palerme"
Article Synopsis
- * Isavuconazole, a new antifungal, shows promise with an expanded antifungal activity and a potentially safer profile compared to traditional azoles, though its effects in dogs haven't been fully studied.
- * A study on healthy beagle dogs determined the pharmacokinetics of isavuconazole after different administration methods, revealing key data about peak plasma concentrations and half-life, while reporting one incident of anaphylaxis and no major adverse effects.
Background: The utility of urine dipsticks for the quantification of proteinuria is limited because of the influence of urine specific gravity (USG). To circumvent the need for urine protein creatinine ratios (UPCR) some have proposed a calculated dipstick urine protein to USG ratio (DUR) for the detection of proteinuria. However, the performance of DUR has not been evaluated in veterinary patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The prevalence and clinical characteristics of different etiologies of peripheral edema in dogs are unknown.
Hypothesis/objectives: To determine the prevalence of different etiologies of peripheral edema, describe clinical characteristics that vary among etiologies, and report survival times.
Animals: Five hundred twenty-seven dogs with peripheral edema.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated levels of symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) in hyperthyroid cats before and after receiving radioiodine treatment, along with other kidney function markers like creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
- Thirteen hyperthyroid cats underwent tests at different times: before treatment, one month later, and three months later, measuring various blood and urine parameters.
- Results showed a significant decrease in GFR after treatment, while SDMA and urine specific gravity (USG) levels remained stable, indicating that SDMA may not provide additional insight into kidney function changes post-treatment unlike traditional markers.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the effect of aldosterone breakthrough (ABT) on proteinuria reduction in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors.
- - Out of 56 dogs with CKD, 36% showed a significant reduction in proteinuria, while ABT was observed in 34% to 59% of dogs, depending on the criteria used, but it did not correlate with the proteinuria outcomes.
- - The results suggest that while ABT is common among dogs treated with RAS inhibitors for CKD, it does not impact the effectiveness of proteinuria reduction; longer treatment duration was linked to better results.
Objective: To report the successful management of the bilateral ureteral obstruction secondary to ureteral ligation during unilateral cryptorchid surgery in a dog with the utilization of bilateral ureteral stent placement and a neoureterocystostomy procedure.
Summary: A 7-month-old male-castrated Weimaraner weighing 30 kg was presented to a university teaching hospital for evaluation of a 4-day history of lethargy, vomiting, and stranguria following exploratory laparotomy for a left-sided unilateral cryptorchid castration. Based on the concurrent presence of severe azotemia and ultrasonographic findings of bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter, the dog was diagnosed with the suspected bilateral ureteral obstruction.
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 250 female dogs examined, 14% were found to have recessed vulvas, which were more prevalent in spayed dogs, particularly those spayed before 1 year of age.
- * While affected dogs had higher body weights and condition scores, there was no link found between recessed vulvas and issues like urinary tract disease or skin problems around the vulva.
Article Synopsis
- * Dogs received an average dosage of 14.2 mg/kg/day, while cats received 18.6 mg/kg/day, with high variability in drug levels among individuals of both species.
- * For effective treatment, starting doses of 10 mg/kg every 12 hours for dogs and 50-100 mg daily for cats are recommended, with the need for personalized dosage adjustments based on serum concentration monitoring.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic findings and associated diseases found in a population of hypocholesterolemic cats referred to two tertiary care facilities.
Methods: An electronic medical record search was performed at two veterinary university referral centers to identify cats with serum cholesterol values below the reference interval between January 2004 and 2016. Clinicopathologic data were reviewed for each case and cats were classified into specific disease categories based on clinical diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the effects of short-term prednisolone on healthy cats and those with allergic dermatitis, focusing on various health indicators.
- Ten cats with allergic dermatitis received prednisolone while being compared to ten healthy control cats to monitor changes in clinical and echocardiographic measures over a 35-day period.
- Although mild clinical changes were observed, the findings suggested that prednisolone did not have significant negative effects on the overall health measures in previously healthy cats.
Article Synopsis
- Free-roaming cats have a higher risk of exposure to various pathogens and can be reservoirs for zoonotic infections, as shown by a study in Iowa involving 140 cats over a year.
- The study found that 8.6% of cats tested positive for leptospiral antibodies, with the highest rates in spring, particularly for the serovar bratislava, while 30% had Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and 6.4% had Dirofilaria immitis antibodies.
- The prevalence of Leptospira spp. was notably higher in this Midwestern region, and it was observed that older cats were more likely to test positive for T. gondii compared to younger ones.
Article Synopsis
- A 9-year-old mixed breed dog experienced severe health issues, including loss of appetite, vomiting, and coughing, which led to diagnostic tests revealing a large mediastinal mass with fungal organisms.
- Despite treatment, the dog's condition worsened over 8 months, ultimately resulting in euthanasia; necropsy showed significant internal fungal infections and inflammation.
- Histology and genetic analysis identified the fungus as Phanerochaete chrysosporium, marking it as the first known case of this specific fungal infection in animals.
Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) is reported much more seldom in male dogs than in female dogs. The few existing reports evaluating the efficacy of medical therapy in controlling USMI in males have demonstrated limited success. In this case series, we report the effect of testosterone cypionate, given at a median dose of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFListeria monocytogenes, a well-described cause of encephalitis and abortion in ruminants and of food-borne illness in humans, is rarely associated with disease in companion animals. A case of urinary tract infection associated with an atypical, weakly hemolytic L. monocytogenes strain is described in a diabetic dog.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: To describe the clinical presentation, clinicopathological abnormalities and outcomes of a series of cats diagnosed with infective endocarditis (IE) at two tertiary care referral institutions.
Animals: Thirteen client-owned cats presenting to the cardiology or emergency services of tertiary referral institutions with a diagnosis of endocarditis based on the modified Duke criteria.
Materials And Methods: Retrospective case series.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers created a bicistronic retroviral vector called MFG/GID that expresses two specific proteins, enhancing resistance to chemotherapy drugs chlorambucil and trimetrexate (TMTX) in a mouse cell line.
- When murine fibroblasts were treated with this vector, they showed a significant increase in their ability to survive these drugs, with some cells maintaining almost complete survival under high concentrations of TMTX.
- The study suggests that using this vector to select for genetically modified hematopoietic cells could improve their resistance to certain chemotherapeutics, potentially increasing the effectiveness of treatments during or after cell transplantation.
Fas (also known as CD95), a member of the tumour-necrosis receptor factor family of 'death receptors', can induce apoptosis or, conversely, can deliver growth stimulatory signals. Here we report that crosslinking Fas on primary sensory neurons induces neurite growth through sustained activation of the extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the consequent upregulation of p35, a mediator of neurite outgrowth. In addition, functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury is delayed in Fas-deficient lpr mice and accelerated by local administration of antibodies against Fas, which indicates that Fas engagement may contribute to nerve regeneration in vivo.
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