Linear epitope mapping of the humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 in two independent African cohorts.

Profiling of the antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins in African populations is scarce. Here, we performed a detailed IgM and IgG epitope mapping study against 487 peptides covering SARS-CoV-2 wild-type structural proteins. A panel of 41 pre-pandemic and 82 COVID-19 RT-PCR confirmed sera from Madagascar and Senegal were used.

Discrete analysis of camelid variable domains: sequences, structures, and in-silico structure prediction.

Antigen binding by antibodies requires precise orientation of the complementarity- determining region (CDR) loops in the variable domain to establish the correct contact surface. Members of the family Camelidae have a modified form of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) with only heavy chains, called Heavy Chain only Antibodies (HCAb). Antigen binding in HCAbs is mediated by only three CDR loops from the single variable domain (VH) at the N-terminus of each heavy chain.

Reconstruction of ancestral chromosome architecture and gene repertoire reveals principles of genome evolution in a model yeast genus.

Reconstructing genome history is complex but necessary to reveal quantitative principles governing genome evolution. Such reconstruction requires recapitulating into a single evolutionary framework the evolution of genome architecture and gene repertoire. Here, we reconstructed the genome history of the genus Lachancea that appeared to cover a continuous evolutionary range from closely related to more diverged yeast species.

Trends in IT Innovation to Build a Next Generation Bioinformatics Solution to Manage and Analyse Biological Big Data Produced by NGS Technologies.

Sequencing the human genome began in 1994, and 10 years of work were necessary in order to provide a nearly complete sequence. Nowadays, NGS technologies allow sequencing of a whole human genome in a few days. This deluge of data challenges scientists in many ways, as they are faced with data management issues and analysis and visualization drawbacks due to the limitations of current bioinformatics tools.

miR-141 and miR-200a act on ovarian tumorigenesis by controlling oxidative stress response.

Although there is evidence that redox regulation has an essential role in malignancies, its impact on tumor prognosis remains unclear. Here we show crosstalk between oxidative stress and the miR-200 family of microRNAs that affects tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity. miR-141 and miR-200a target p38α and modulate the oxidative stress response.

A genomic and transcriptomic approach for a differential diagnosis between primary and secondary ovarian carcinomas in patients with a previous history of breast cancer.

Background: The distinction between primary and secondary ovarian tumors may be challenging for pathologists. The purpose of the present work was to develop genomic and transcriptomic tools to further refine the pathological diagnosis of ovarian tumors after a previous history of breast cancer.

Methods: Sixteen paired breast-ovary tumors from patients with a former diagnosis of breast cancer were collected.

Extrachromosomal amplification mechanisms in a glioma with amplified sequences from multiple chromosome loci.

Accumulation of extrachromosomal DNA molecules (double minute) is often responsible for gene amplification in cancers, but the mechanisms leading to their formation are still largely unknown. By using quantitative PCR, chromosome walking, in situ hybridization on metaphase chromosomes and whole genome analysis, we studied a glioma containing four extrachromosomally amplified loci (7p11, 1q32.1, 5p15 and 9p2).

Outcome in Advanced Ovarian Cancer following an Appropriate and Comprehensive Effort at Upfront Cytoreduction: A Twenty-Year Experience in a Single Cancer Institute.

Objectives. The purpose of this retrospective evaluation of advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients was to compare outcome with published findings from other centers and to discuss future options for the management of advanced ovarian carcinoma patients. Methods.

ITALICS: an algorithm for normalization and DNA copy number calling for Affymetrix SNP arrays.

Motivation: Affymetrix SNP arrays can be used to determine the DNA copy number measurement of 11 000-500 000 SNPs along the genome. Their high density facilitates the precise localization of genomic alterations and makes them a powerful tool for studies of cancers and copy number polymorphism. Like other microarray technologies it is influenced by non-relevant sources of variation, requiring correction.

High-resolution mapping of DNA breakpoints to define true recurrences among ipsilateral breast cancers.

Background: To distinguish new primary breast cancers from true recurrences, pangenomic analyses of DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays have proven useful.

Methods: The pangenomic profiles of 22 pairs of primary breast carcinoma (ductal or lobular) and ipsilateral breast cancers from the same patients were analyzed. Hierarchical clustering was performed using CNAs and DNA breakpoint information.

Molecular cloning of ADIR, a novel interferon responsive gene encoding a protein related to the torsins.

The expression of the previously uncharacterized gene Adir (for ATP dependent interferon responsive gene) was increased by 5- to 15-fold in tissue of the oral cavity or in spleen and liver of mice treated orally or intraperitoneally with IFN-alpha, and in mouse cells treated in vitro with IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma. The level of Adir mRNA was also increased 20- to 40-fold in the brains of animals infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. Adir is expressed ubiquitously in mouse tissues as 1.