Decrease in CD4 T-Cell Count and Risk of Severe Morbid Conditions in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection With Controlled Viral Load After Initiating Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Between 2006 and 2018.

Background: A previous study showed an association between CD4 T-cell count decline in people with human immunodeficiency virus infection (PWH) with viral suppression and an increased risk of severe morbid conditions. We aimed to assess the risk of CD4 T-cell count decline (hereafter, CD4 decline), determine associated factors, and evaluate the association of this decline with the risk of severe morbid conditions (cardiovascular disease and cancer) or death.

Methods: From the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les hépatites virales (ANRS) CO4 French Hospital Database on HIV cohort, we selected PWH >18 years old who had been followed up for ≥2 years after viral suppression following the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) between 2006 and 2018.

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Introduction: The urban planning between France and Geneva leads us to target the local HIV epidemic dynamics in its cross-border dimension. We aim to assess its importance while taking into account cross-border movements.Purpose of research: This study aims to describe the HIV epidemic on a cross-border scale by comparing data with two other areas known for their HIV incidence, Lyon and Zurich, using epidemiological data available in France and Switzerland.

Hepatitis A outbreak in HIV-infected MSM and in PrEP-using MSM despite a high level of immunity, Lyon, France, January to June 2017.

Since 2016, an increase in the number of hepatitis A cases affecting mainly men who have sex with men (MSM) has been reported in low endemic countries in Europe. We calculated the attack rate in Lyon, France, in populations considered at high-risk: HIV-infected MSM and HIV-negative MSM receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In these populations, high level of immunity did not prevent the outbreak, indicating that vaccination should be reinforced, particularly in younger individuals.

Searching for biomarkers of comorbidities in sera of treated HIV-infected patients by isoelectric focusing.

Based on their characteristics, we hypothesized that the following parameters, namely collagen IV, glutathione S-transferase, secretory component (SC), and AMP-activated protein kinase α1α2 may be useful serum markers in the detection of comorbidities in treated HIV-infected patients. These parameters were determined in 204 HIV-infected patients and 35 controls by using IEF and densitometry. Collagen IV was undetectable in controls and the majority of HIV-infected patients.

Serum hepcidin levels in women infected with HIV-1 under antiviral therapy.

Accumulating data suggest that iron may have a role in the regulation of HIV-infection. In the present study, we determined by radioimmunoassay the levels of hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis, in sera of 182 women infected with HIV-1 under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In the total cohort, hepcidin levels were lower in individuals infected with HIV than in controls (3.

Lower ribavirin biodisponibility in patients with HIV-HCV coinfection in comparison with HCV monoinfected patients.

Background: In HIV infected patients, the impact of ribavirin (RBV) pharmacology on sustained virologic response (SVR) to hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment has not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was to compare the early RBV plasma exposure between a population of HIV-HCV coinfected patients and an HCV monoinfected group.

Methods: Early RBV plasma exposure (expressed as Area Under the Curve (AUC) from 0 to 4 h) after a 600 mg first dose of RBV was measured in a population of HIV-HCV coinfected patients in comparison with an HCV monoinfected group.

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of unboosted Atazanavir in a cohort of stable HIV-infected patients.

Limited data on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of unboosted atazanavir (uATV) in treatment-experienced patients are available. The aim of this work was to study the PK/PD of unboosted atazanavir in a cohort of HIV-infected patients. Data were available for 58 HIV-infected patients (69 uATV-based regimens).

Bioavailability of extended-release nevirapine 400 and 300 mg in HIV-1: a multicenter, open-label study.

Background: Nevirapine (NVP) is a widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. A once-daily extended-release (XR) formulation would potentially increase adherence and thus efficacy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the steady-state bioavailability of 2 once-daily tablet formulations of NVP XR (containing 25% or 20% hypromellose; NVP XR25 and NVP XR20, respectively) in 400- or 300-mg tablets compared with twice-daily immediate-release (IR) NVP 200-mg tablets.

Soluble chemokine receptor CXCR4 is present in human sera.

A soluble form of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 was detected in human sera by isoelectric focusing and Western blotting. Sera of patients and normal subjects were analyzed using a panel of specific antibodies. Compared with controls, high levels of serum CXCR4 were found in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Hyperglycosylated ferritin in sera of HIV-1-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy.

A study was conducted to determine the relationship between ferritin and glycosylated isoforms of ferritin and insulin resistance in 69 HIV-infected men receiving HAART. Ferritin levels were significantly correlated with aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin and with insulin resistance. The ferritin isoelectric focusing patterns of five insulin-resistant HIV-infected patients under HAART showed large amounts of hyperglycosylated isoforms, which was not found in 56 control subjects and 46 untreated HIV-1-infected patients.

Structured treatment interruptions in primary HIV-1 infection: the ANRS 100 PRIMSTOP trial.

Background: Whether structured treatment interruptions (STIs) can induce anti-HIV immune response and control HIV replication following discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with primary HIV infection is controversial.

Methods: In this multicenter, prospective trial, patients with early symptomatic primary HIV infection were given HAART continuously for 34 weeks. Afterward, patients with plasma viral load (PVL) <50 copies/mL entered the STI phase, which consisted of 3 consecutive periods of 2, 4, and 8 weeks off HAART, each separated by 12 weeks on HAART.

Depletion in antibodies targeted to the HR2 region of HIV-1 glycoprotein gp41 in sera of HIV-1-seropositive patients treated with T20.

The anti-HIV drug T20 is a synthetic peptide derived from the HR2 region of HIV-1 gp41. T20 contains the sequence ELDKWA, which binds the broadly neutralizing antibody 2F5. Using plates coated with T20 or with synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins representing gp120 or gp41 domains, this study investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay the levels of antibodies directed to the gp160 molecule in patients treated with T20.

A 42-week open-label study to assess the pharmacokinetics, antiretroviral activity, and safety of amprenavir or amprenavir plus ritonavir in combination with abacavir and lamivudine for treatment of HIV-infected patients.

The pharmacokinetics, antiviral activity, and safety of an amprenavir-ritonavir (APV-RTV) 600/100 mg b.i.d.

Triple nucleoside combination zidovudine/lamivudine/abacavir versus zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir as first-line therapy in HIV-1-infected adults: a randomized trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of a triple nucleoside combination to a protease inhibitor-containing triple regimen as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1-infected patients.

Design: Open-label study in HIV-1-infected ART-naive adults, randomized to receive either Combivir (lamivudine 150 mg/zidovudine 300 mg twice daily) + abacavir (300 mg twice daily), or Combivir + nelfinavir (750 mg every 8 h) for 48 weeks. Plasma HIV-1 RNA, CD4 cell count and adverse events were assessed at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48.

Rheumatoid arthritis after 9 years of human immunodeficiency virus infection: possible contribution of tritherapy.

Infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may affect joints in different ways. It usually increases the severity of reactive arthritis. Conversely, when rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is seen in association with HIV infection, remission of RA has been observed in some cases.