Prostatectomy Bed Image-guided Dose-escalated Salvage Radiotherapy (SPIDER): An International Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Management of macroscopic local recurrence (MLR) after radical prostatectomy is a challenging situation with no standardized approach.

Objective: The objective of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of functional image-guided salvage radiotherapy (SRT) in patients with MLR in the prostate bed.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this international multicenter retrospective study across 16 European centers, eligible patients were initially treated by radical prostatectomy (RP) with or without pelvic lymph node dissection for localized or locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

[Place of Linacs in extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy: Are they now equivalent to Cyberknife®?].

Extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy has developed recently, since the years 1990-2000. Devices specifically dedicated to this type of treatment were then developed and shared the favors of radiation oncologists: Tomotherapy® and especially Cyberknife®, which offered the advantage of "tracking" with the possibility of real time motion correction, allowing an increase in the precision of targeting volumes. Recently, the latest generations of linear accelerators (Linac) have been developed, integrating much higher dose rates, an improved ballistic precision with a very short treatment duration time and the possibility of real time motion management (with notably the possibility of adaptive radiotherapy in real time with the development of "MLC tracking").

COVID-19-Associated Pneumonia: Radiobiological Insights.

The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia to acute respiratory distress syndrome is linked to a virus-induced "cytokine storm", associated with systemic inflammation, coagulopathies, endothelial damage, thrombo-inflammation, immune system deregulation and disruption of angiotensin converting enzyme signaling pathways. To date, the most promising therapeutic approaches in COVID-19 pandemic are linked to the development of vaccines. However, the fight against COVID-19 pandemic in the short and mid-term cannot only rely on vaccines strategies, in particular given the growing proportion of more contagious and more lethal variants among exposed population (the English, South African and Brazilian variants).

Focal Brachytherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Midterm Outcomes.

Purpose: Focal brachytherapy (F-BT) is a suitable technique for focal therapy in localized prostate cancer. It has the ability to adapt the seed implantation to the volume and location of the tumor. The aim of this study was to assess F-BT oncologic, functional, and toxicity midterm outcomes in men who underwent prostate cancer treatment.

Focal brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer: Urinary toxicity depends on tumor location.

Purpose: To evaluate whether patients with prostate cancer have worse functional urinary recovery with focal brachytherapy (FBT) at the base versus the apex of the prostate.

Methods And Materials: The functional outcomes of patients treated with FBT at the base of the prostate were compared with those of patients treated with FBT at the apex. Urinary symptoms, continence, and erectile dysfunction were measured using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Continence Score (ICS), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaires, respectively, at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment.

Risk of second cancers in the era of modern radiation therapy: does the risk/benefit analysis overcome theoretical models?

In the era of modern radiation therapy, the compromise between the reductions in deterministic radiation-induced toxicities through highly conformal devices may be impacting the stochastic risk of second malignancies. We reviewed the clinical literature and evolving theoretical models evaluating the impact of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) on the risk of second cancers, as a consequence of the increase in volumes of normal tissues receiving low doses. The risk increase (if any) is not as high as theoretical models have predicted in adults.

Focal radiotherapy as focal therapy of prostate cancer.

Purpose Of Review: Focal radiotherapy treatment procedures play an increasingly important role in function-preservation and organ-preservation treatment techniques. As an alternative to traditional whole-gland radiotherapy regimes, focal prostate radiotherapy may be of benefit for both primary tumor as well as locally recurrent disease. This is a review of the current literature on the topic, including patient selection, preliminary toxicity, and outcome data as well as a technical overview on treatment delivery techniques.

[The issue of low doses in radiation therapy and impact on radiation-induced secondary malignancies].

Several studies have well documented that the risk of secondary neoplasms is increasing among patients having received radiation therapy as part of their primary anticancer treatment. Most frequently, radiation-induced neoplasms occur in volume exposed to high doses. However, the impact of "low" doses (<5 Gy) in radiation-induced carcinogenesis should be clinically considered because modern techniques of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or stereotactic irradiation significantly increase tissue volumes receiving low doses.

Focal brachytherapy for selected low-risk prostate cancers: a pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and the early toxicity of focal brachytherapy in highly selected localized prostate cancer patients.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-one patients underwent a focal brachytherapy between February 2010 and March 2012, representing 3.7% of the cases treated by our group during this period.

Morbidity of focal therapy in the treatment of localized prostate cancer.

Background: Focal therapy (FT) for prostate cancer (PCa) seems to be part of a natural evolution in the quest to improve the management of early organ-confined disease.

Objective: To assess the morbidity of the initial experience of FT in a tertiary referral center for PCa management.

Design, Setting, And Participants: From 2009 to 2011, a total of 1213 patients with clinically localized PCa were treated at our institution.

[Evolution of prostate cancer brachytherapy].

Curietherapy, more commonly named brachytherapy, is one of the oldest irradiation techniques used for prostate cancer. Prostate brachytherapy evolved according to the scientific and technological progress. After a historical reminder of the evolution of prostate brachytherapy, different technical aspects are discussed: low-dose rate brachytherapy using permanent or temporary implants, high-dose rate brachytherapy as well as new imaging modalities.

One-step customized transurethral resection of the prostate and permanent implant brachytherapy for selected prostate cancer patients: technically feasible but too toxic.

Introduction: Patients with prominent median lobe hyperplasia and/or high International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) are often contraindicated for prostate brachytherapy, mainly because of the risk of post-implant urinary retention. We evaluated an approach combining in the same operative step a limited transurethral resection (TURP) of the median lobe, immediately followed by permanent implant-free seed brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: From January 2007 to November 2008, 22 patients underwent a customized limited TURP of their median lobe immediately before brachytherapy.

70 Gy versus 80 Gy in localized prostate cancer: 5-year results of GETUG 06 randomized trial.

Purpose: To perform a randomized trial comparing 70 and 80 Gy radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: A total of 306 patients with localized prostate cancer were randomized. No androgen deprivation was allowed.

Localized low-dose radiotherapy for follicular lymphoma: history, clinical results, mechanisms of action, and future outlooks.

The extreme radiosensitivity of indolent lymphomas was reported in the early years of radiotherapy (RT). The efficacy of low-dose total body irradiation (1.5-2 Gy) was particularly demonstrative.

[Risks of irradiation in hepatogastroenterology].

The side effects of ionizing radiation are real and we now have very extensive data about them. It is increasingly important to take them into account in medical practice, especially in view of the increased number of diagnostic procedures that involve irradiation, such as computed tomography (CT), and more specifically in hepatogastroenterology, in virtual colonoscopy. There are two types of risks associated with ionizing radiation: a direct deterministic risk and a random, or stochastic, risk.

Small-molecule drugs mimicking DNA damage: a new strategy for sensitizing tumors to radiotherapy.

Purpose: Enhanced DNA repair activity is often associated with tumor resistance to radiotherapy. We hypothesized that inhibiting DNA damage repair would sensitize tumors to radiation-induced DNA damage.

Experimental Design: A novel strategy for inhibiting DNA repair was tested.

Selecting patients for exclusive permanent implant prostate brachytherapy: the experience of the Paris Institut Curie/Cochin Hospital/Necker Hospital group on 809 patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze overall and relapse-free survival in a cohort of 809 patients, 34% of whom corresponded to a higher-risk group than American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) criteria.

Methods And Materials: Between January 1999 and September 2004, 809 patients were treated with permanent loose 125 iodine seed implantation (IsoSeed Bebig, Eckert and Ziegler) by the Paris Institut Curie, Cochin Hospital, and Necker Hospital group. Of these 809 patients, 533 (65.