Ebola Virus-Related Encephalitis.

Ebola patients frequently exhibit behavioral modifications with ideation slowing and aggressiveness, sometimes contrasting with mild severity of Ebola disease. We performed lumbar punctures in 3 patients with this presentation and found Ebola virus in all cerebrospinal fluid samples. This discovery helps to discuss the concept of a specific Ebola virus encephalitis.

Severe meningo-radiculo-neuritis associated with ipilimumab.

Purpose: Ipilimumab is a T-cell-potentiating monoclonal antibody directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) to promote antitumoural immunity. In phase III trials, ipilimumab was shown to be the first agent to improve survival in advanced melanoma patients, regardless of previous treatment. We report a case of severe neurologic disease after ipilimumab treatment.

Brain damage from anticancer treatments in adults.

Purpose Of Review: Treatment-induced brain toxicity remains a major cause of morbidity in adult patients with cancer. Contrasting with the 40-year-old unresolved controversy about the primary damaging event (vascular versus parenchymal) in the physiopathology, numerous prospective clinical trials have recently addressed the question of brain toxicity. Despite remarkable efforts in methodological design, they often only partially answer the questions of which treatment modalities are responsible, which brain functions are mainly impaired, how long the impairment duration is and which characteristics make patients vulnerable.

[Tremor/ataxia syndrome related to Fragile X premutation].

The FXTAS syndrome (Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome) is a specific neurodegenerative syndrome affecting subjects carrying a premutation of the FMR1 (fragile X mental retardation 1) gene. It affects mainly men with the premutation and aged more than 50 years. This syndrome is separate and distinct from the fragile X syndrome.

[Langerhans cell histiocytosis in an adult patient associated with sclerosing cholangitis and cerebellar atrophy].

Langerhans' cell histiocytosis is a disorder in children or young adults, characterized by clonal proliferation of histiocytic cells, staining for CD1a, with uni or multifocal organ involvement. It's a rare condition in adults. We report a case of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis in an adult with sclerosing cholangitis which rapidly progressed to fatal liver failure and progressive cerebellar atrophy.

[Psychological and neuropsychological problems in multiple sclerosis].

Neuropsychological investigations have demonstrated that cognitive disorders are common (about 60%) in patients with multiple sclerosis. 22 patients and 22 controls participated in the study with a review of literature. The cognitive dysfunction may be termed a subcortical white matter dementia.