New neotyphodium endophyte species from the grass tribes stipeae and meliceae.

Several species of Achnatherum (grass tribe Stipeae) and Melica (tribe Meliceae) typically are infected by nonpathogenic, seed-transmissible fungi with characteristics of Neotyphodium species (anamorphic Clavicipitaceae). Molecular phylogenetic studies clearly have distinguished the endophytes from Achnatherum inebrians (from Xinjiang Province, China), A. robustum and A.

The relationship between mycotoxin synthesis and isolate morphology in fungal endophytes of Lolium perenne.

•  Variability in the fungal endophytes of 83 natural populations of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) from Europe was assessed. •  One plant per population was used for endophyte isolation and mycotoxin analysis. Variability in three isozymes, colony morphology and growth rate on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and synthesis of ergovaline, lolitrem B and peramine was recorded.

Species delimitation in the African Armillaria complex by analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacers.

Thirteen Armillaria isolates, collected from various geographical areas in tropical Africa and previously characterized by cultural morphology, pairing tests and isozyme analysis, were evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). DNA regions corresponding to the intergenic spacer (IGS) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were amplified and analyzed by restriction enzyme digestion. The IGS amplification products were about 875 bp long and uniform in length among the isolates.

Occurrence of genets of Armillaria spp. in four mountain forests in Central France: the colonization strategy of Armillaria ostoyae.

Four forests each of 4-8 ha were investigated in Central France: (1) a pure beech stand harbouring only the saprophytic species Armillaria gallica and A. cepistipes; (2) a pure beech stand with the same species plus A. ostoyae; (3) an ancient beech stand to which conifers had been introduced 60 yr ago, and in which A.

A comparison of different methods for the identification of genets of Armillaria spp.

In a previous study, somatic incompatibility (SI) was used to map the genotypes (or genets) of three Armillaria species (A. ostoyae, A. gallica, A.