Unusual compounds from Galium mollugo and their inhibitory activities against ROS generation in human fibroblasts.

Three unusual dioxatricyclodecenone compounds, mollugoside A, E-mollugoside B and Z-mollugoside B and, together with known flavonoids, were isolated from the aerial parts of Galium mollugo collected in north-eastern Algeria. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR. Flavonoids and mollugoside A significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human fibroblasts.

Flavonol profiles in berries of wild Vitis accessions using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.

The flavonol profiles of grape berry skins were analysed in order to assess phenotypic variation between six grapevines belonging to six different species: Vitis vinifera, Vitiscandicans, Vitischampinii, Vitisamurensis, Vitiscinerea and Vitisdoaniana. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and NMR spectrometry (LC-NMR) were used to separate and identify the flavonols present in these species. The combination of LC-MS and LC-NMR data resulted in the identification of eighteen flavonols.

Polyphenols from the stems of Morus alba and their inhibitory activity against nitric oxide production by lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.

Neuroinflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders. Microglial cells, the main immune cells of the central nervous system, represent a target of interest to search for naturally occurring anti-inflammatory products. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols obtained from the stems of Morus alba.

Bioactive stilbenes from Vitis vinifera grapevine shoots extracts.

Background: Viticultural residues from commercial viticultural activities represent a potentially important source of bioactive stilbenes such as resveratrol. The main aim of the present study was therefore to isolate, identify and perform biological assays against amyloid-β peptide aggregation of original stilbenes from Vitis vinifera shoots.

Results: A new resveratrol oligomer, (Z)-cis-miyabenol C (3), was isolated from Vitis vinifera grapevine shoots together with two newly reported oligostilbenes from Vitis vinifera shoots, vitisinol C (1) and (E)-cis-miyabenol C (2), and six known compounds: piceatannol, resveratrol, (E)-ε-viniferin (trans-ε-viniferin), ω-viniferin, vitisinol C and (E)-miyabenol C.

Anthocyanin phytochemical profiles and anti-oxidant activities of Vitis candicans and Vitis doaniana.

Introduction: Grapes are one of the most important fruit crops in the world. The quality of red grape berries greatly depends on skin colour, mainly due to the anthocyanin profile. Today, the American Vitis species have the greatest potential for breeding work.

Identification and quantification of furanocoumarins in stem bark and wood of eight Algerian varieties of Ficus carica by RP-HPLC-DAD and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS.

Furanocoumarins are the major phytoalexins of Ficus carica and are effective natural drug candidates for treatment of several types of cancer and skin disease. The objectives of this study were to analyze and quantify linear furanocoumarins, mainly psoralen and bergapten, in wood and bark of stems from eight Algerian varieties of fig and to establish the differences in the content of these metabolites in the eight local samples. Psoralen and bergapten contents in the stem bark and wood (in microg/g DW) varied respectively from 146.

Stilbenoid profiles of canes from Vitis and Muscadinia species.

We present stilbenoid profiles of canes from 16 grapevines. Fifteen stilbenoids were obtained through isolation and structure identification using MS, NMR, and [α](D) or as commercial standards. An HPLC-UV method for the simultaneous quantification of nine of these stilbenoids was developed and applied to canes of Vitis amurensis, Vitis arizonica, Vitis berlandieri, Vitis betulifolia, Vitis cinerea, Vitis × champini, Vitis × doaniana, Vitis labrusca, Vitis candicans (syn.

Anthocyanin identification and composition of wild Vitis spp. accessions by using LC-MS and LC-NMR.

The composition and concentration of anthocyanins of grape berry skins were analyzed in order to assess phenotypic variation between four grape wine varieties belonging to 4 different species: Vitis vinifera, Vitis amurensis, Vitis cinerea and Vitis X champinii. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and NMR spectroscopy (LC-NMR) were used to separate and identify the structure of anthocyanins present in these species. Combination of LC-MS and LC-NMR data resulted in the identification of 33 anthocyanins.

New stilbene dimers against amyloid fibril formation.

Twenty stilbene derivatives and moracin M extracted from natural products were tested against amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) aggregation. Results of stilbene monomer derivatives indicated that interaction with resveratrol and piceid was specific. Concerning oligomers, scirpusin A and epsilon-viniferin glucoside demonstrated a strong inhibition of the aggregation process.

The polyphenol piceid destabilizes preformed amyloid fibrils and oligomers in vitro: hypothesis on possible molecular mechanisms.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by deposits of amyloid in various tissues. The neuronal cytotoxicity of Abeta peptides is attributed not only to various mechanisms but also to amyloid fibrils and soluble oligomeric intermediates. Consequently, finding molecules to prevent or reverse the oligomerization and fibrillization of Abeta could be of therapeutic value in the treatment of AD.

Hopeaphenol: the first resveratrol tetramer in wines from North Africa.

Grapes and wines are now known to constitute a rich source of phenolics such as stilbenes and flavonoids. These compounds have been shown to have cancer chemopreventive activity and potential beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases thanks to their antioxidant and antiplatelet properties. However, because little is known about African wines and their phenolic compositions, we investigated wine samples from North Africa.

Two new benzylbenzoate glucosides from Curculigo orchioides.

An extract from in vitro cultures of Curculigo orchioides grown as bulbils in shake flasks, afforded two new glucosides of substituted benzylbenzoate - curculigoside C (3) and curculigoside D (4) - together with two known compounds - curculigoside A (1) and curculigoside B (2). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence, in particular by using 2D NMR methods. Their vasoactive properties were assessed in isolated rat aortic rings.

New stilbenoid glucosides isolated from Vitis vinifera cell suspension cultures (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon).

Three new monomeric stilbenoid glucosides, (Z)- and (E)-resveratrol 3,5- O-beta-diglucosides (1 and 2, respectively) and (Z)-resveratrol 3,5,4'- O-beta-triglucoside (3), were isolated from an extract of Vitis vinifera cell cultures (Cabernet Sauvignon) together with the known (E)- and (Z)-piceids and (E)- and (Z)-resveratrol 3,4'- O-beta-diglucosides that have already been identified in a Gamay cell culture extract. The structure determinations were based on spectroscopic data analysis.

Determination of stilbenes (delta-viniferin, trans-astringin, trans-piceid, cis- and trans-resveratrol, epsilon-viniferin) in Brazilian wines.

Phenolics from grapes and wines can play a role against oxidation and development of atherosclerosis. Stilbenes have been shown to protect lipoproteins from oxidative damage and to have cancer chemopreventive activity. We describe a method for the direct determination of stilbenes in several red wines using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection.

Preparative isolation of polyphenolic compounds from Vitis vinifera by centrifugal partition chromatography.

This study deals with a centrifugal partition chromatography developed for the separation of phenolic compounds from Vitis vinifera. EtOAc grape seed extracts were separated using the solvent system hexane-ethyl acetate-ethanol-water (1:8:2:7; v/v) in two fractions: one containing about 75% of flavanol monomers (catechin and epicatechin) corresponding to 18% of crude extract and another fraction B-type dimers (22% of crude extract). From the stalk extracts, we could separate stilbenoid compounds (resveratrol and its oligomers; 12% of crude extract) which were eluted in less than 30 min from flavanols (which required a few hours of additional elution).

Levels of stilbene oligomers and astilbin in French varietal wines and in grapes during noble rot development.

Phenolics from grapes and wines can play a role against oxidation and development of atherosclerosis. Stilbenes have been shown to have cancer chemopreventive activity and to protect lipoproteins from oxidative damage. A method for the direct determination of stilbene oligomers (viniferin and pallidol) as well as astilbin in different types of wine using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection is described.