Publications by authors named "Jean-Baptiste Guiard-Schmid"
Background: Suboptimal use of antibiotics is a driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can assist prescribers with rapid access to up-to-date information. In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), the introduction of CDSS for antibiotic prescribing could have a measurable impact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: In 2014, the Joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) and partners set the '90-90-90 targets'. Many countries are facing the challenge of estimating the first 90. Our objective was to propose an alternative modelling procedure, and to discuss its usefulness for taking into account duplication.
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- * A study of 694 HIV-infected outpatients found that 14% had PTD, but common diagnostic markers were ineffective in accurately identifying it.
- * Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate exposure was linked to PTD primarily in non-African patients, with only a small percentage experiencing a rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time.
Objective: To evaluate the vulnerability of male prisoners to HIV, risk behaviour and access to prevention.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in july and August 2012 in Ouagadougou Prison in Burkina Faso. Two trained investigators collected data by means of individual interviews in the prison visiting room using a questionnaire administered to male inmates 18 years and older, imprisoned for more than three months.
Introduction: Gender differences in antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes are critical in sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed the association between gender and virologic failure among adult patients treated in a public routine clinic (one of the largest in West Africa) in Burkina Faso.
Methods: We performed a case-control study between July and October 2012 among patients who had received ART at the Bobo Dioulasso Day Care Unit.
Background And Objectives: The therapy and outcome of HIV infection have dramatically changed over the last 15 years, resulting in a change in renal complications. This study analyzed the characteristics of HIV-infected patients and biopsy-proven tubulointerstitial nephropathies to define disease patterns and therapeutic implications.
Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: A clinico-pathologic retrospective study of 59 consecutive renal biopsies showing predominant tubular and/or interstitial lesions in HIV-infected patients referred to the nephrology department between 1995 and 2011 was performed.
We examined factors associated with virological failure in 310 HIV-infected patients receiving atazanavir (ATV). Independent links were identified with virological failure under ATV: virological failure previous history (P = 0.006) and ATV underdosing (P = 0.
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- Liver fibrosis assessment is crucial for deciding on hepatitis B treatment, with liver biopsy being the current gold standard in Burkina Faso.
- A study involving 59 HBV-infected patients compared liver stiffness measurements (Fibroscan) and serum markers against liver biopsy results to evaluate fibrosis levels.
- The findings indicate that alternative methods, particularly the combination of Fibroscan and serum markers, align well with biopsy results and could significantly reduce the need for biopsies by up to 80%, helping doctors determine which patients need treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Chagas disease (CD) is primarily found in Latin America, with Bolivia having the highest rates of infection.
- It occasionally appears in the U.S. and Canada among Latin American migrants, but is uncommon in Europe.
- The report highlights 9 cases of imported Chagas disease identified in France between 2004 and 2006.
HIV-infected patients who are on hemodialysis have a worse prognosis than noninfected patients who are on hemodialysis. Their outcome in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era remains unclear. Outcomes in patients who were enrolled in the French Dialysis in HIV/AIDS (DIVA) cohort were determined in a 2-yr prospective follow-up.
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- * After initiating corticosteroids, she experienced renal failure and kidney enlargement, leading to a biopsy that confirmed acute interstitial nephritis, with no active infections found.
- * Her treatment involved prednisone to manage the renal failure caused by IRIS, while her HIV treatment showed success through improved CD4+ cell counts and undetectable viral loads.
A review of the hospital charts for 788 patients treated in 19 public and private clinics in Cameroon showed that clinical follow-up visits, biologic follow-up visits, and drug supply were irregular and that many patients interrupted treatment. Virological and immunologic effectiveness of therapy was as expected in patients for whom results were available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In 1997, 0.38% of dialysis patients in France were infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). No prevalence data were available in France since the widespread introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalaria is the most frequent cause of fever among travellers returning from tropical countries. Each year about 7000 cases are notified in France, of which 90% are due to Plasmodium falciparum. We describe the case of a Caucasian female patient with no previous exposure to malaria in whom splenic infarction occurred during effective antimalarial treatment for initially uncomplicated acute malaria.
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- Ritonavir (RTV) significantly enhances the levels of protease inhibitors (PIs) in plasma when used alongside another PI, but this interaction varies widely among individuals.
- A study involving 542 HIV-infected patients showed that the effectiveness and variability of PI concentrations differed based on the specific PI combined with RTV, with lower concentrations observed when APV or LPV were used compared to SQV or IDV.
- The findings emphasize the importance of personalized dose adjustments for RTV and PIs due to individual differences in drug response, which are essential to avoid treatment failure or toxicity.