Clinical study of the feasibility, complications, and cosmetic outcomes of immediate autologous fat grafting during breast-conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer in China.

Background: The resection of tumors in small breasts or in areas such as the upper and inner parts of the breast may have disabling cosmetic results. Tumor resection reduces the volume of the breast and may result in asymmetry or distortion of the nipple-areola complex. Autologous fat transfer/grafting has been shown to be a reliable technique for improving these poor cosmetic results.

Fat Grafting after Invasive Breast Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: Fat grafting has been widely indicated for postmastectomy and postlumpectomy breast reconstruction. The literature emphasizes the clinical efficacy of fat grafting, but experimental studies raise important questions about the recurrence risk because of the stimulation of remaining cancer cells by progenitor or adult adipocytes. Because breast conservative treatment provides a higher risk of residual cancer cells in the breast tissue compared with mastectomy, the authors set up a matched case-control study of fat grafting versus no fat grafting after breast conservative treatment.

Total Breast Reconstruction With Fat Grafting After Internal Expansion and Expander Removal.

Introduction: The development of fat grafting techniques both in cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgery has highlighted the need to recreate a breast mound using similar tissues and without visible scarring. Our technique combines skin expansion by conventional expanders and breast volume replacement by serial fat grafting and final expander removal.

Materials And Methods: Fat grafting had been performed both by Coleman technique and Bodyjet system.

Use of a modified hair strand test to assess the antifungal activity kinetics of dog hair after a 2% climbazole shampoo application.

Background: The "hair strand test" was first developed as a model to evaluate the antifungal activity of antidandruff shampoos.

Objective: To assess the residual activity of an antifungal shampoo on the hair shafts of dogs after a single application, followed by bathing with a physiological shampoo one month later.

Animals: Six beagles (two males and four females) from a research colony.

Safety of Lipofilling in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Lipotransfer represents a technical revolution in plastic surgery and is increasingly used worldwide. Although known for several decades, lipofilling has only recently found widespread use in patients with breast cancer to improve the results of breast reconstructions and to correct deformities after conservative treatment. The plastic surgery literature underlines the technique's versatility and the quality of the results, showing lipofilling as an effective cosmetic procedure and proposing it as a safe, neutral biological material that is able to restore the body contour.

Outcome of Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Patients With Nonendocrine-Responsive Breast Cancer: A Monoinstitutional Case-Control Study.

Background: The long-term prognostic relevance of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer (BC) has not been fully elucidated.

Patients And Methods: The study population included 444 patients with ER-negative BC who underwent total mastectomy with complete axillary dissection between 1995 and 2006, 339 patients with and 105 patients without IBR. The median follow-up was 8.

Poly implant prothèse asymmetrical anatomical breast implants: a product recall study.

Background: In 2010 high rupture rates were unexpectedly found among prostheses produced by the French manufacturer Poly Implant Prothèse. Since then, several studies have been performed concerning the round implants, but there are still few data available on anatomical implants.

Methods: From 2003 to 2006 Poly Implant Prothèse implants were employed at the authors' institute for immediate or delayed reconstruction after mastectomy.

Does immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy influence the outcome of patients with non-endocrine responsive breast cancer?

Background/aim: In breast cancer (BC) patients, breast surgery followed by immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) might favour recurrences and metastases due to extensive surgical manipulation. We retrospectively investigated whether IBR after mastectomy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NT) influenced the outcome in patients with early and locally advanced oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative BC.

Patients And Methods: Between 1995 and 2006, 133 BC patients received NT followed by total mastectomy, 59 of whom underwent IBR.

Appropriate use of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound to detect early silicone gel breast implant rupture in postmastectomy reconstruction.

Background: Implant rupture is one of the most important sequelae of breast reconstruction after mastectomy. The primary aim of this study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound evaluation with intraoperative findings and provide a reliable description of the occurrence of each radiological sign.

Methods: The authors prospectively recruited a consecutive series of 102 postmastectomy patients requiring implant change for aesthetic purposes.

Do clinicopathological features of the cancer patient relate with nipple areolar complex necrosis in nipple-sparing mastectomy?

Background: The selections of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are principally depending on oncologic indication and oncologic safety. The main complication of NSM is nipple areolar complex (NAC) necrosis, and it is usually related to surgical technique. However, the patients' clinicopathological factors should be also considered.

Risk of locoregional recurrence in patients with false-negative frozen section or close margins of retroareolar specimen in nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Background: Our purpose was to evaluate the locoregional recurrence (LRR) of patients with false-negative, frozen-section or close margins of retroareolar specimen in nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) procedure.

Methods: From 2002-2008, we recruited patients who had atypia or presence of cancer cells in definitive histology of retroareolar tissue despite of absence of tumor cell in intraoperative retroareolar frozen section. We also included the close margin cases defined as the presence of tumor cells at the first frozen section, but after deeper core out of retroareolar tissue were revealed free of malignancy.

Immediate breast reconstruction with prostheses after conservative treatment plus intraoperative radiotherapy. long term esthetic and oncological outcomes.

Electron intraoperative radiotherapy (ELIOT) has been introduced for breast conservative treatment (BCT) with promising oncological outcome. Thus, immediate breast reconstruction with prosthesis after BCT became possible due to minimal radiation effect on local tissue from ELIOT. We reported oncological and esthetical results of 29 BCT patients who had immediate implant reconstruction plus 21 Gy-ELIOT as the sole radiation treatment.

Paget's disease as a local recurrence after nipple-sparing mastectomy: clinical presentation, treatment, outcome, and risk factor analysis.

Background: Paget's disease is a rare clinical and histological type of local recurrence (LR) after breast cancer treatment both in case of conservative surgery or nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with or without intraoperative radiation.

Methods: We performed an analysis of 861 NSM with electron beam intraoperative radiotherapy (ELIOT) patients treated at the European Institute of Oncology from 2002 to 2008, focused on Paget's disease local recurrence.

Results: In 861 patients (713 invasive carcinoma and 148 intraepithelial neoplasia), there were 36 local recurrences (4.

Sarcoid-like reaction in breast cancer: a long-term follow-up series of eight patients.

Purpose: Finding an intrathoracic or axillary mass in a breast cancer patient should raise suspicion of a pulmonary or mediastinal nodal metastasis or axillary recurrence. Surprisingly, noncaseating epithelioid cell granuloma can be found in this type of lesion, as in sarcoidosis or a sarcoid-like reaction.

Methods: This series included eight breast cancer patients in whom a late sarcoid-like reaction developed: as an intrathoracic lesion in six, and as an ipsilateral axillary lesion in two.

The oncologic outcome and immediate surgical complications of lipofilling in breast cancer patients: a multicenter study--Milan-Paris-Lyon experience of 646 lipofilling procedures.

Background: Lipofilling is now performed to improve the breast contour, after both breast-conserving surgery and breast reconstruction. However, injection of fat into a previous tumor site may create a new environment for cancer and adjacent cells. There is also no international agreement regarding lipofilling after breast cancer treatment.

Autologous fat transplantation in patients with breast cancer: "silencing" or "fueling" cancer recurrence?

Lipotransfer can be considered a technical revolution in plastic surgery and widely performed for esthetic surgery. Recently the lipofilling has been indicated in breast reconstruction and deformity correction after breast conservative treatment. However, there is lack of understanding concerning the interactions between the potential tumor beds and the lipoaspirates grafts.

The value of latissimus dorsi flap with implant reconstruction for total mastectomy after conservative breast cancer surgery recurrence.

Total mastectomy is usually indicated after breast conservative treatment cancer recurrence. Breast reconstruction in this group can be performed with many options. We did 63 latissimus dorsi flap with implants reconstructions between 2001-2007.

Impact of medical discipline and observer gender on cosmetic outcome evaluation in breast reconstruction using transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap and radiotherapy.

Background: Despite the complication rate, the majority of studies report a satisfactory cosmetic outcome in patients undergoing transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap breast reconstruction both before and after radiotherapy (RT). The lack of a universal agreement on the use of a validated scale for cosmetic assessment in clinical practise leads to subjective criteria of evaluation and causes a great deal of interobserver variability. This study investigates whether there is any difference in the evaluation of cosmesis according to gender and specialisation of the observer.

Immediate breast reconstruction in the elderly: can it be considered an integral step of breast cancer treatment? The experience of the European Institute of Oncology, Milan.

Background: In the last few decades, breast reconstruction often has not been offered to the elderly population due to the reluctance of clinicians concerned about serious co-morbidities. This study aims to demonstrate that breast reconstruction is feasible and safe in the elderly cohort.

Methods: Between 1999 and 2004, 63 elderly patients underwent an immediate reconstruction after breast cancer treatment at the European Institute of Oncology.

Technical tricks to improve the cosmetic results of breast-conserving treatment.

The paper describes different manoeuvres and surgical details that may help the general surgeon to improve the aesthetic outcomes after breast-conserving treatment for cancer. Among them, the pre-operative planning, the position of the patient in the operative room, the mobilisation of the glandular tissue when the tumour has been removed. All these manoeuvres contribute to achieving better symmetry with the healthy breast and to improve the final aesthetic result, minimising the surgical conflict between large resections and defects for optimal control of local disease and the consequent breast deformities.