Phase I clinical trial testing the dose escalation and expansion of Pressurized IntraThoracic Hyperthermic Aerosol Cisplatin administration (PITHAC) for the management of pleural carcinosis.

Background: Pleural carcinosis originates from various cancers. Its management consists in systemic therapies combined to dyspnea relief procedures. Prior studies have tested hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy to treat pleural carcinosis with interesting patient survival results.

Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy modulates the immune microenvironment of pleural mesothelioma and improves the impact of dual immune checkpoint inhibition.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a fatal disease with limited treatment options. Recently, PM management has improved with the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In first-line therapy, dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade enhances tumor control and patient survival compared with chemotherapy.

Enhanced recovery after chest wall resection and reconstruction: a clinical practice review.

Since the late 1990s, and Henrik Kehlet's hypothesis that a reduction of the body's stress response to major surgeries could decrease postoperative morbidity, "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery" (ERAS) care pathways have been streamlined. They are now well accepted and considered standard in many surgical disciplines. Yet, to this day, there is no specific ERAS protocol for chest wall resections (CWRs), the removal of a full-thickness portion of the chest wall, including muscle, bone and possibly skin.

Objective improvement in dexterity for trainees undergoing a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery simulation program, a prospective single center study.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is the recommended approach for the management of early-stage operable non-small cell lung carcinoma as well as for other pathologies of the thoracic cavity. Although VATS approaches have been largely adopted in Europe and North America, teaching the technique to novice thoracic surgery trainees remains challenging and non-standardized. Our objective was to assess the impact of a VATS simulation training program on the dexterity of thoracic surgery residents in a prospective single institution study.

Local control and short-term outcomes after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery segmentectomy versus lobectomy for pT1c pN0 non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare short-term outcomes and local control in pT1c pN0 non-small-cell lung cancer that were intentionally treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy or segmentectomy.

Methods: Multicentre retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy (VL) or VATS segmentectomy (VS) for pT1c pN0 non-small-cell lung cancer from January 2014 to October 2021. Patients' characteristics, postoperative outcomes and survival were compared.

CT-Derived Sarcopenia and Outcomes after Thoracoscopic Pulmonary Resection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

We aimed to evaluate whether computed tomography (CT)-derived preoperative sarcopenia measures were associated with postoperative outcomes and survival after video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) anatomical pulmonary resection in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients that underwent VATS anatomical pulmonary resection for NSCLC between 2012 and 2019. Skeletal muscle mass was measured at L3 vertebral level on preoperative CT or PET/CT scans to identify sarcopenic patients according to established threshold values.

Effectiveness of rib fixation compared to pain medication alone on pain control in patients with uncomplicated rib fractures: study protocol of a pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial-the PAROS study (Pain After Rib OSteosynthesis).

Background: Persistent pain and disability following rib fractures result in a large psycho-socio-economic impact for health-care system. Benefits of rib osteosynthesis are well documented in patients with flail chest that necessitates invasive ventilation. In patients with uncomplicated and simple rib fractures, indication for rib osteosynthesis is not clear.

Is faster better? Impact of operative time on postoperative outcomes after VATS anatomical pulmonary resection.

Background: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is now the preferred approach for standard anatomical pulmonary resections. This study evaluates the impact of operative time (OT) on post-operative outcomes after VATS anatomical pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy or segmentectomy for NSCLC between November 2010 and December 2019.

The size and sternal involvement of chest wall resections for malignant disease predict postoperative morbidity.

Background: Chest wall resections/reconstructions are a validated approach to manage tumors invading the thorax. However, how resection characteristics affect postoperative morbidity and mortality is unknown. We determined the impact of chest wall resection size and location on patient short and long-term postoperative outcomes.

Extended resection for potentially operable patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer after induction treatment.

Objective: Surgical treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer including single or multilevel N2 remains a matter of debate. Several trials demonstrate that selected patients benefit from surgery if R0 resection is achieved. We aimed to assess resectability and outcome of patients with locally advanced clinical T3/T4 (American Joint Committee on Cancer 8 edition) tumors after induction treatment followed by surgery in a pooled analysis of 3 prospective multicenter trials.

Performance of prolonged air leak scoring systems in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery segmentectomy.

Objectives: We assessed the accuracy of 3 validated lobectomy scoring systems to predict prolonged air leak (PAL) in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) segmentectomy.

Methods: We reviewed all consecutive patients who had a VATS segmentectomy between January 2016 and October 2020. We determined PALs on postoperative day 5.

Outcome of parapneumonic empyema managed surgically or by fibrinolysis: a multicenter study.

Background: Parapneumonic empyema (PPE) management remains debated. Here we present the outcome of a comparable population with PPE treated over a 4-year period in two Thoracic Surgery University Centers with different approaches: one with an early "surgical" and the other with a "fibrinolytic" approach.

Methods: All operable patients with PPE managed in both centers between January 2014 and January 2018 were reviewed.

Survival prognostic and recurrence risk factors after single pulmonary metastasectomy.

Background: Identification of the prognostic factors of recurrence and survival after single pulmonary metastasectomy (PM).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients who underwent PM for a single lung metastasis between 2003 and 2018.

Results: A total of 162 patients with a median age of 64 years underwent single PM.

Is sleeve lobectomy safe after induction therapy?-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sleeve lobectomy (SL) is a lung-sparing procedure, which is accepted as a valid operation for centrally-located advanced tumors. These tumors often require induction treatment by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy to downstage the disease and thus facilitate subsequent surgery. However, induction therapy may potentially increase the risk of bronchial anastomotic complications and related morbidity.

Limited Index of Clinical Suspicion and Underdiagnosis of Histopathologically Documented Invasive Mold Infections.

Invasive mold infections (IMIs) are difficult to diagnose. This analysis of histopathologically proven IMIs at our institution (2010-2019) showed that 11/41 (27%) of them were not suspected at the time of biopsy/autopsy (9/17, 53% among autopsies). The rate of missed diagnosis was particularly high (8/16, 50%) among nonhematologic cancer patients.

Early discharge after thoracoscopic anatomical pulmonary resection for non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Although video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has shortened hospitalization duration for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, the factors associated with early discharge remain unclear. This study aimed to identify patients eligible for a 72-h stay after VATS anatomical resection.

Methods: Monocentric retrospective study including all consecutive patients undergoing VATS anatomical resection for NSCLC between February 2010 and December 2019.

Effects of cold or warm ischemia and ex-vivo lung perfusion on the release of damage associated molecular patterns and inflammatory cytokines in experimental lung transplantation.

Background: Lung transplantation (LTx) is associated with sterile inflammation, possibly related to the release of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by injured allograft cells. We have measured cellular damage and the release of DAMPs and cytokines in an experimental model of LTx after cold or warm ischemia and examined the effect of pretreatment with ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP).

Methods: Rat lungs were exposed to cold ischemia alone (CI group) or with 3h EVLP (CI-E group), warm ischemia alone (WI group) or with 3 hour EVLP (WI-E group), followed by LTx (2 hour).

Invasive infection in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: Report of two cases successfully treated and review of the literature.

is a rare cause of invasive mold infection, mostly described in patients with hematological malignancies. We describe two cases of invasive infections in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, successfully managed with complete surgical resection of the lesions and antifungal therapy of voriconazole alone or liposomal amphotericin B, followed by voriconazole, highlighting the key role of a multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of this rare and severe invasive mold infection.

GLUT1 Expression in Tumor-Associated Neutrophils Promotes Lung Cancer Growth and Resistance to Radiotherapy.

Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leucocytes and are essential for innate immunity. In cancer, pro- or antitumor properties have been attributed to tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN). Here, focusing on TAN accumulation within lung tumors, we identify GLUT1 as an essential glucose transporter for their tumor supportive behavior.

Impact of an enhanced recovery after surgery pathway on thoracoscopic lobectomy outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a propensity score-matched study.

Background: This study evaluates the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways on postoperative outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy for NSCLC between January 2014 and October 2019 and assigned them to the relevant group ("pre-ERAS" or "ERAS"). Length of stay, readmissions and complications within 30 days were compared between both groups.

Short-term local control after VATS segmentectomy and lobectomy for solid NSCLC of less than 2 cm.

Introduction: VATS pulmonary segmentectomy is increasingly proposed as a parenchyma-sparing resection for tumors smaller than 2 cm in diameter. The aim of this study was to compare short-term oncological results and local control in solid non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) <2 cm surgically treated by intentional VATS segmentectomy or lobectomy.

Methods: This study was a single center retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy (VL) or segmentectomy (VS) for solid <2 cm NSCLC from January 2014 to October 2019.

Is repeated pulmonary metastasectomy justified?

Recurrence after pulmonary metastasectomy (PM) is frequent, but it is unclear to whom repeated pulmonary metastasectomy (RPM) offers highest benefits. Retrospective analysis of oncological and post-operative outcomes of consecutive patients who underwent PM from 2003 to 2018. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free interval (DFI) were calculated.

Low-dose photodynamic therapy promotes a cytotoxic immunological response in a murine model of pleural mesothelioma.

Objectives: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly disease with limited treatment options. Approaches to enhance patient immunity against MPM have been tested but shown variable results. Previously, we have demonstrated interesting vascular modulating properties of low-dose photodynamic therapy (L-PDT) on MPM.