Social media and online safety practices of young parents.

Studies of parents' online safety concerns typically centre on information privacy and on worries over unknown third parties preying on children, whereas investigations into youth perspectives on online safety have found young people to focus on threats to safety or reputation by known individuals. The case of youth who are themselves parents raises questions regarding how these differing perspectives are negotiated by individuals who are in dual roles as youth and parents. Using interview and ethnographic observation data from the longitudinal Young Parent Study in British Columbia, Canada, this analysis investigates social media and online safety practices of 113 young parents.

In the midst of plenty: Experiences of food insecurity amongst women living with HIV in Vancouver, Canada.

Globally, people living with HIV (PLWH) are disproportionately affected by food insecurity. Yet there is limited understanding of the impacts of food insecurity among cisgender and transgender women living with HIV (WLWH) in high-income countries. Thus, it is critical to examine the lived experiences of WLWH and food insecurity to inform policy and service provision.

Long-term benefits of providing transitional services to youth aging-out of the child welfare system: Evidence from a cohort of young people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada.

Background: Youth aging-out of the child welfare system (CWS) experience numerous vulnerabilities including, elevated rates of substance use and substance use disorders. Calls to improve services to transition youth to independence are common; however, evidence of the long-term impacts associated with transitional service utilization is scarce. Further, existing services frequently lack appropriate supports for substance using youth and it is unknown if youth are able to access such services.

Implementation opportunities and challenges identified by key stakeholders in scaling up HIV Treatment as Prevention in British Columbia, Canada: a qualitative study.

Background: The province of British Columbia (BC), Canada, was among the first jurisdictions to scale up HIV Treatment as Prevention (TasP) to the population level, including funding and policy commitments that enhanced HIV testing efforts (e.g., expansion of routine, opt-out testing), while also making antiretroviral therapy universally available to all people living with HIV.

The Impact of Childhood Emotional Abuse on Pain Interference Among People with Chronic Pain who Inject Drugs in Vancouver, Canada.

Objective: High levels of chronic pain interference with daily activities are known to negatively impact quality of life. Although mental health conditions have been associated with pain interference and child abuse, research has been mixed regarding it acting as a mediator, with even less known among people who inject drugs. Therefore, we sought to explore childhood emotional abuse and pain interference among this population.

Longitudinal Factors Associated with Used Syringe Lending Among HIV-Positive Antiretroviral Therapy-Naïve People Who Inject Drugs in a Canadian Setting.

Sharing used syringes is an important route of HIV transmission, however, factors shaping used syringe-lending among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-positive people who inject drugs (PWID) are not well-characterized. Multivariable logistic regression analyses using generalized estimating equations (GEE) were employed to investigate correlates of used syringe lending among ART-naïve PWID. Data was drawn from ACCESS, a prospective community-recruited cohort of HIV-positive illicit drug users in Vancouver, Canada, from 1996 to 2015.

From silos to buckets: a qualitative study of how sexual health clinics address their clients' mental health needs.

Objectives: To describe the current constraints, facilitators, and future prospects for addressing mental health and substance use (MHSU) concerns within sexual health clinics in two cities in British Columbia, Canada.

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 22 providers (14 nurses, 3 physicians, 3 administrators, 2 other health professionals) from six sexual health clinics.

Results: Providers consistently affirmed that MHSU-related concerns co-occur with sexual health concerns among clients presenting to sexual health clinics.

A cohort study comparing rate of repeat testing for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections between clients of an internet-based testing programme and of sexually transmitted infection clinics in Vancouver, Canada.

Objectives: Internet-based sexually transmitted and blood-borne infection (STBBI) testing services reduce testing barriers through bypassing face-to-face clinical encounters, potentially enabling clients at ongoing sexual risk to test more frequently. To our knowledge, this hypothesis has not been previously tested. We compared the frequency of repeat testing between Vancouver-based clients of (GCO)-an internet-based STBBI testing service in British Columbia, Canada-and clients of three sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in Vancouver for 29 months after GCO launched.

The syndemic effect of HIV/HCV co-infection and mental health disorders on acute care hospitalization rate among people living with HIV/AIDS: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Our primary objective was to examine the syndemic effect of HIV/HCV co-infection and mental health disorders (MHD) on the acute care hospitalization rate among people living with HIV (PLW-HIV) in British Columbia, Canada. Secondarily, we aimed to characterize the longitudinal trends in the aforementioned rate, while controlling for the effect of several factors.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, individuals were antiretroviral therapy-naïve, ≥ 18 years old, initiated treatment between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2014, and were followed for at least 6 months until 31 December 2015 or last contact.

The relationship between childhood emotional abuse and chronic pain among people who inject drugs in Vancouver, Canada.

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) often contend with chronic pain as a result of illness and trauma, and such pain is known to have significant impacts on mental health, quality of life, and substance use behaviours. Although PWID are also known to have high rates of childhood trauma, little is known about how childhood emotional abuse may be associated with chronic pain in this population.

Objective: We undertook this study to explore emotional abuse and chronic pain among PWID.

Intergenerational Trauma: The Relationship Between Residential Schools and the Child Welfare System Among Young People Who Use Drugs in Vancouver, Canada.

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between familial residential school system (RSS) exposure and personal child welfare system (CWS) involvement among young people who use drugs (PWUD).

Methods: Data were obtained from two linked cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada, and restricted to Indigenous participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between three categories of familial RSS exposure (none, grandparent, and parent) and CWS involvement.

Assessing the Impact of a Social Marketing Campaign on Program Outcomes for Users of an Internet-Based Testing Service for Sexually Transmitted and Blood-Borne Infections: Observational Study.

Background: While social marketing (SM) campaigns can be effective in increasing testing for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs), they are seldom rigorously evaluated and often rely on process measures (eg, Web-based ad click-throughs). With Web-based campaigns for internet-based health services, there is a potential to connect campaign process measures to program outcomes, permitting the assessment of venue-specific yield based on health outcomes (eg, click-throughs per test).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of an SM campaign by the promotional venue on use and diagnostic test results of the internet-based STBBI testing service GetCheckedOnline.

Association of Childhood Social-Emotional Functioning Profiles at School Entry With Early-Onset Mental Health Conditions.

Importance: More than 50% of lifetime mental health disorders develop by early adolescence, and yet it is not well understood how early childhood social-emotional functioning varies in populations or how differences in functioning may be associated with emerging mental health conditions.

Objectives: To identify profiles of social-emotional functioning at kindergarten school entry (age 5 years) and to examine to what extent profiles are related to early-onset mental health conditions (ages 6-14 years).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study followed up a population cohort of 34 552 children in British Columbia, Canada, from birth (born 1996-1998) to age 14 years (last follow-up, December 31, 2011).

Post-test comparison of HIV test knowledge and changes in sexual risk behaviour between clients accessing HIV testing online versus in-clinic.

Objective: Internet-based HIV testing offers the potential to address privacy-related barriers to testing and increase frequency of testing but may result in missed opportunities related to sexual health education and prevention that typically occur in face-to-face encounters. In this study, we assessed the HIV test knowledge and sexual risk behaviour of clients testing for HIV through , an internet-based sexually transmitted and bloodborne infection testing platform inclusive of HIV testing, in comparison to clients testing through a large sexual health clinic.

Methods: We concurrently recruited clients and clinic clients from Vancouver, Canada, over the course of a 10-month period during 2015-2016.

Qualitative analysis of the experiences of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men who use : a comprehensive internet-based diagnostic service for HIV and other STIs.

Objectives: To describe the factors that influence gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men's (gbMSM) experiences with (GCO) in British Columbia (BC), Canada. GCO clients complete an internet-based risk assessment and print a laboratory test requisition form for HIV and other STIs to take to a private laboratory for diagnostic services.

Methods: Drawing on a purposive stratified sampling framework, we conducted 37 in-depth semistructured interviews with gbMSM who had used GCO at least once between 2015 and 2017.

Impacts of im/migration experience on work stress among sex workers in Vancouver, Canada.

Objectives: Despite the precarious and unsafe working conditions frequently experienced by sex workers (SWs) and im/migrant workers, there remains a paucity of research on work-related stress and links to duration of im/migration residency among SWs. This study analyzes the relationship between duration of residency and two dimensions of work stress among SWs in Metro Vancouver.

Methods: Data were drawn from a longitudinal cohort of women SWs across Metro Vancouver (2010-2014).

Perceived Devaluation among a Cohort of Street-Involved Youth in Vancouver, Canada.

Background: Perceived devaluation is a barrier to seeking mental and physical health services among people who use illicit drugs.

Objective: Assessing the prevalence and correlates of perceived devaluation within a cohort of street-involved youth.

Methods: Data were drawn from an open prospective cohort of street-involved youth who use illicit drugs (aged 14-26 at study enrollment) between December 2013 and May 2015 in Vancouver, Canada.

ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICIAN AVAILABILITY AND VIRAL LOAD SUPPRESSION IN BRITISH COLUMBIA.

Objectives: In 2014, the Joint United Nations Programme HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) set the target of dramatically reducing the burden of HIV through expansion of access to timely HIV treatment. In order to achieve this target it is necessary to expand access to care along the HIV cascade of care. This study examines the relationship between viral suppression and the availability of physicians providing HIV treatment in British Columbia, Canada.

Interventions to address substance use and sexual risk among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men who use methamphetamine: A systematic review.

Background: Methamphetamine use is common among some populations of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM). This study reviewed the status of research on the efficacy of interventions that address harms among gbMSM who use methamphetamine.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify publications from inception to October 23, 2017, that assessed an intervention addressing methamphetamine use among gbMSM.

The Need and Desire for Mental Health and Substance Use-Related Services Among Clients of Publicly Funded Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinics in Vancouver, Canada.

Context: Sexually transmitted infections (STI) and mental health and substance use (MHSU) disorders all occur at elevated rates in sexual and gender minorities. These overlapping epidemics, or syndemics, are exacerbated by challenges these same populations face in accessing sexual/gender minority-affirming services. Many publicly funded STI clinics are a low barrier and provide sexual minority-competent care.

Engagement in Maximally-Assisted Therapy and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among a Cohort of Indigenous People Who Use Illicit Drugs.

Throughout the world, Indigenous populations experience a disproportionate burden of HIV infection. Maximally-assisted therapy (MAT) is an interdisciplinary care intervention that includes ART dispensation to support individuals with a history of addiction and homelessness. This study sought to longitudinally evaluate the relationship between engagement in MAT and achieving optimal adherence using data from an ongoing cohort of HIV-positive individuals who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada, where HIV/AIDS treatment is offered at no cost.

Positive sexuality: HIV disclosure, gender, violence and the law-A qualitative study.

While a growing body of research points to the shortcomings of the criminal law in governing HIV transmission, there is limited understanding of how cis and trans women living with HIV (WLWH) negotiate their sexuality and HIV disclosure in a criminalized environment. Given the ongoing criminalization of HIV non-disclosure and prevalence of gender-based violence, there is a critical need to better understand the dynamics of negotiating sexual relationships and HIV disclosure among WLWH. We conducted 64 qualitative interviews with cis and trans WLWH in Vancouver, Canada between 2015 and 2017.

Criminalization of HIV non-disclosure: Narratives from young men living in Vancouver, Canada.

Background: Previous research has identified the impacts of legal frameworks that criminalize HIV non-disclosure among people living with HIV (e.g., elevated stigma and violence).