Artificial Intelligence for Otosclerosis Detection: A Pilot Study.

The gold standard for otosclerosis diagnosis, aside from surgery, is high-resolution temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT), but it can be compromised by the small size of the lesions. Many artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms exist, but they are not yet used in daily practice for otosclerosis diagnosis. The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of AI in the detection of otosclerosis.

The yield of a positive MRI of the spine as imaging criterion in the ASAS classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis: results from the SPACE and DESIR cohorts.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of spinal inflammation on MRI in patients with chronic back pain (CBP) of maximally 3 years duration and to evaluate the yield of adding a positive MRI-spine as imaging criterion to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).

Methods: Baseline imaging of the sacroiliac joints (X-SI), MRI of the sacroiliac joints (MRI-SI) and MRI-spine were scored by ≥2 experienced central readers per modality in the SPondyloArthritis Caught Early (SPACE) and DEvenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes (DESIR) cohorts. Inflammation suggestive of axSpA was assessed in the entire spine.

Endoscopic treatment of sporadic small duodenal and ampullary neuroendocrine tumors.

As duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, their optimal management has not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and outcome of endoscopic treatment of duodenal NETs. We reviewed the files of all patients who underwent endoscopic resection of a sporadic duodenal or ampullary NET between 1996 and 2014 at two centers.

Can endoscopic papillectomy be curative for early ampullary adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater?

Background: The therapeutic role of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for early ampullary cancer (AC) is still controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the curative potential of EP for early AC and to identify predictors of lymph node metastases (LNMs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 173 patients who were prospectively included in a database and who underwent EP between 1999 and 2013.

Systematic pancreatic stenting after endoscopic snare papillectomy may reduce the risk of postinterventional pancreatitis.

Background: Pancreatitis is the most feared complication of endoscopic papillectomy (EP). Prevention by pancreatic duct stenting following EP has been advocated but not proven by a randomized trial. The purpose of the present retrospective review is to compare a period of systematic stenting with the period before in which stents were placed selectively.

Characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastasis by means of perfusion MRI.

Purpose: To characterize and compare hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases of colorectal metastatic cancer (CMC) by means of quantitative liver perfusion MRI.

Materials And Methods: Liver perfusion was assessed in 26 HCC and CMC patients (50 nodules) by means of contrast-enhanced MRI. Six perfusion parameters-hepatic perfusion index (HPI), mean transit time (MTT), distribution volume (DV), total blood flow (F(T)), arterial blood flow (F(A)), and portal blood flow (F(P))-were calculated in tumor nodules and the adjacent hepatic parenchyma.

Fetal toxoplasmosis and negative amniocentesis: necessity of an ultrasound follow-up.

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis relies on the PCR test on amniotic fluid and ultrasound follow-up of the fetus. We report two cases of toxoplasma infection during the first trimester of gestation with a discrepant diagnosis of fetal infection. PCR performed more than four weeks after the estimated date of contamination was negative.