Update on Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant BRAF Inhibitors in Papillary Craniopharyngioma: A Systematic Review.

: The recent discovery of BRAF mutation in papillary craniopharyngiomas opened new avenues for targeted therapies to control tumour growth, decreasing the need for invasive treatments and relative complications. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the recent scientific data dealing with the use of targeted therapies in papillary craniopharyngiomas, as adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments. : The PRISMA guidelines were followed with searches performed in Scopus, MEDLINE, and Embase, following a dedicated PICO approach.

Screening and management of metabolic complications of mTOR inhibitors in real-life settings.

Introduction: Inhibitors of mTOR (mTORi) are frequently used as anticancer treatment. They were responsible for metabolic side-effects in phase 3 studies, which provided only an incomplete picture of these metabolic complications. The aim of our study was therefore to evaluate, in a real-life setting, outcomes for patients with dyslipidemia or diabetes under mTORi, and the incidence and management of metabolic abnormalities occurring under mTORi in the absence of known metabolic history.

Causality and interdependencies among sustainable development goals: assessing the nexus of agriculture, environment, and finance development.

This study examines the causal relationships and interdependencies among three dimensions of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Africa: environmental factors, agricultural production (for societal aspects), and finance development (for economic aspects). The study focuses on three regions, the whole SSA (Sub-Saharan Africa, excluding the high-income countries), West-Central Africa (W-CA), and South and East Africa (S-EA), and uses data from 1970 to 2018. It uses vector error correction model (VECM), impulse response function (IRF), and analysis of causality direction methods.

Heterozygous pathogenic variants in POMC are not responsible for monogenic obesity: Implication for MC4R agonist use.

Purpose: Recessive deficiency of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) causes childhood-onset severe obesity. Cases can now benefit from the melanocortin 4 receptor agonist setmelanotide. Furthermore, a phase 3 clinical trial is evaluating setmelanotide in heterozygotes for POMC.

Clinical study of the feasibility, complications, and cosmetic outcomes of immediate autologous fat grafting during breast-conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer in China.

Background: The resection of tumors in small breasts or in areas such as the upper and inner parts of the breast may have disabling cosmetic results. Tumor resection reduces the volume of the breast and may result in asymmetry or distortion of the nipple-areola complex. Autologous fat transfer/grafting has been shown to be a reliable technique for improving these poor cosmetic results.

Frequent and severe hypoglycaemia detected with continuous glucose monitoring in older institutionalised patients with diabetes.

Background: Little is known about the prevalence of hypoglycaemia in older people with diabetes. However, the HbA1c goal is ≥8% for institutionalised patients with treatments that can cause hypoglycaemia.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the prevalence of hypoglycaemia with continuous glucose monitoring and to evaluate the link with HbA1C in older institutionalised patients with diabetes taking potentially hypoglycaemia-inducing drugs.

Congenital Malaria in a 2-Day-Old Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Congenital malaria is the presence of malaria parasites in a blood smear obtained from a neonate usually within 24 hours to 7 days of life. It has for long been regarded a rare condition. However, recent data indicate that congenital malaria complicates around 35.

Glycemic Variability Assessment with a 14-Day Continuous Glucose Monitoring System: When and How Long to Measure MAGE (Mean Amplitude of Glucose Excursion) for Optimal Reliability?

Mean amplitude of glucose excursion (MAGE) is considered as the "gold standard" for assessing the short-term within-day glycemic variability (GV), which is an important component of overall glycemic control. A 14-day continuous glucose monitoring system is now widely used and allows easier assessment of GV. However, it is still unknown whether MAGE, usually calculated on a 48-hour period is identical whatever the time during the 14-day lifespan of the sensor and whether a longer time period might give additional information.

Liver Fat Content in People with Pituitary Diseases: Influence of Serum IGF1 Levels.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD is also seen in patients with endocrinopathies. However, the relationship between endocrine diseases and the development of NAFLD is not well known.

Uptake in the pancreatic uncinate process on the 111In-octreotide scintigraphy: How to distinguish physiological from pathological uptake?

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relevance of physiological In-octreotide uptake in the head of pancreas and to establish its imaging features in comparison with pathological uptake in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients that underwent In-octreotide single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) scintigraphy in our institution. Only patients with an isolated uptake in the head of the pancreas were included.

Fat Grafting after Invasive Breast Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: Fat grafting has been widely indicated for postmastectomy and postlumpectomy breast reconstruction. The literature emphasizes the clinical efficacy of fat grafting, but experimental studies raise important questions about the recurrence risk because of the stimulation of remaining cancer cells by progenitor or adult adipocytes. Because breast conservative treatment provides a higher risk of residual cancer cells in the breast tissue compared with mastectomy, the authors set up a matched case-control study of fat grafting versus no fat grafting after breast conservative treatment.

Total Breast Reconstruction With Fat Grafting After Internal Expansion and Expander Removal.

Introduction: The development of fat grafting techniques both in cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgery has highlighted the need to recreate a breast mound using similar tissues and without visible scarring. Our technique combines skin expansion by conventional expanders and breast volume replacement by serial fat grafting and final expander removal.

Materials And Methods: Fat grafting had been performed both by Coleman technique and Bodyjet system.

Specific enrichment of 2-arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine in carotid atheroma plaque from type 2 diabetic patients.

Background And Aims: Diabetic patients are at high risk of stroke and coronary artery disease. Recent data suggest that arachidonic acid metabolism is altered in diabetic conditions and that these alterations contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis. Little is known about how these alterations affect the metabolism and the proportions of different lipid species within the atherosclerotic plaque.

Use of a modified hair strand test to assess the antifungal activity kinetics of dog hair after a 2% climbazole shampoo application.

Background: The "hair strand test" was first developed as a model to evaluate the antifungal activity of antidandruff shampoos.

Objective: To assess the residual activity of an antifungal shampoo on the hair shafts of dogs after a single application, followed by bathing with a physiological shampoo one month later.

Animals: Six beagles (two males and four females) from a research colony.

[Necrotizing pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumonia].

We present a patient with a necrotizing pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. This complication often affects children and is relatively rare and unrecognized in adults. Its diagnosis is often difficult on chest-X-ray and need a chest computed tomography.

Safety of Lipofilling in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Lipotransfer represents a technical revolution in plastic surgery and is increasingly used worldwide. Although known for several decades, lipofilling has only recently found widespread use in patients with breast cancer to improve the results of breast reconstructions and to correct deformities after conservative treatment. The plastic surgery literature underlines the technique's versatility and the quality of the results, showing lipofilling as an effective cosmetic procedure and proposing it as a safe, neutral biological material that is able to restore the body contour.

Outcome of Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Patients With Nonendocrine-Responsive Breast Cancer: A Monoinstitutional Case-Control Study.

Background: The long-term prognostic relevance of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer (BC) has not been fully elucidated.

Patients And Methods: The study population included 444 patients with ER-negative BC who underwent total mastectomy with complete axillary dissection between 1995 and 2006, 339 patients with and 105 patients without IBR. The median follow-up was 8.

Poly implant prothèse asymmetrical anatomical breast implants: a product recall study.

Background: In 2010 high rupture rates were unexpectedly found among prostheses produced by the French manufacturer Poly Implant Prothèse. Since then, several studies have been performed concerning the round implants, but there are still few data available on anatomical implants.

Methods: From 2003 to 2006 Poly Implant Prothèse implants were employed at the authors' institute for immediate or delayed reconstruction after mastectomy.

Does immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy influence the outcome of patients with non-endocrine responsive breast cancer?

Background/aim: In breast cancer (BC) patients, breast surgery followed by immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) might favour recurrences and metastases due to extensive surgical manipulation. We retrospectively investigated whether IBR after mastectomy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NT) influenced the outcome in patients with early and locally advanced oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative BC.

Patients And Methods: Between 1995 and 2006, 133 BC patients received NT followed by total mastectomy, 59 of whom underwent IBR.

Appropriate use of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound to detect early silicone gel breast implant rupture in postmastectomy reconstruction.

Background: Implant rupture is one of the most important sequelae of breast reconstruction after mastectomy. The primary aim of this study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound evaluation with intraoperative findings and provide a reliable description of the occurrence of each radiological sign.

Methods: The authors prospectively recruited a consecutive series of 102 postmastectomy patients requiring implant change for aesthetic purposes.