[An update on gastroparesis in 2024].

Gastroparesis is a pathology associating upper digestive symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting, with impaired gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical gastric or duodenal obstruction. It has a major impact on patients' quality of life, can lead to undernutrition, and -increases overall mortality. Several schools of thought converge on the hypothesis of a clinico--pathological spectrum of gastric neuro-muscular dysfunction encompassing gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia, in particular the subtype known as "postprandial distress syndrome".

[Screening for preneoplastic lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract].

Preneoplastic lesions of the esophagus and stomach are cellular abnormalities that have the potential to develop into cancer over time. They are detected during endoscopy and can be classified according to their specific cellular characteristics. Their treatment depends on the severity of the lesion and the individual factors of each patient.

Evaluation of 30-day mortality in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy in a tertiary hospital: a 3-year retrospective survey.

Objective: Despite international guidelines recommendations to use mortality as a quality criterion for gastrointestinal (GI) procedures, recent studies reporting these data are lacking. Our objective was to report death causes and rate following GI endoscopies in a tertiary university hospital.

Design: We retrospectively reviewed all GI procedures made between January 2017 and December 2019 in our tertiary hospital in Switzerland.

Outcome of endoscopic vacuum therapy for duodenal perforation.

Background: Duodenal defects are complex clinical situations, and their management is challenging and associated with high mortality. Besides surgery, endoscopic treatment options exist, but the size and location of the perforation can limit their application. We present a retrospective study, demonstrating a successful application of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) for duodenal leaks.

[Management of a cystic lesion of the pancreas discovered incidentally].

Pancreatic cysts (PC) are common and often discovered incidentally. The distinction between PC is essential, because of the potential malignancy of some lesions requiring surgical resection. The clinical orientation will depend on the clinical history and the radiological characteristics.

[Endoscopic submucosal dissection: advances and perspectives].

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a mini-invasive technique allowing to resect superficial lesions of the digestive tract and maintaining organ function. High technical expertise is required as well as a network approach with referring physicians, pathologists, radiologists, surgeons and oncologists. Rigorous selection of cases as well as endoscopic management of potential complications (hemorrhage, perforation) is mandatory.

Mapping of etiologies of computed tomography-proven acute colitis: a prospective cohort study.

Our objective was to describe the etiologies of acute colitis and to identify patients who require diagnostic endoscopy. Patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal infection and colonic inflammation on CT were prospectively included. Those immunosuppressed, with history of colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), were excluded.

[The video capsule endoscopy].

The video capsule endoscopy allows the exploration or the unreachable part of the small intestine by a standard bidirectional endoscopy. It requires a specific device and a bowel preparation but it's an outpatient examination with an acceptable tolerance of the patients. There are several indications including an obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, an iron deficit anemia, Crohn's disease extension and phenotype, hereditary polyposis and coeliac disease.

Management of Acute Wilsonian Hepatitis with Severe Hemolysis: A Successful Combination of Chelation and MARS Dialysis.

Wilson's disease is a rare hereditary disorder of copper metabolism leading to progressive accumulation of copper in several organs including the brain and the liver. Acute liver failure is a relatively rare hepatic manifestation of WD which may require urgent liver transplantation if medical treatment fails. We report here the case of a young woman who presented with classic acute Wilsonian hepatitis complicated by liver and renal failure and a severe hemolysis related to massive nonceruloplasmin bound copper accumulation requiring repeated blood transfusions.

Clinical Presentation and Gene Expression of Acute Alcohol-Induced Microvesicular Steatosis Mimicking Alcoholic Hepatitis.

Acute alcoholic microvesicular steatosis (MIC) may complicate heavy alcohol intake and present as alcoholic hepatitis (AH) syndrome. However, detailed clinical, biological, and histologic data associated with MIC are scarce. We compared the clinical presentation, histologic features, and hepatic transcriptomic of patients presenting with AH due to either MIC or severe alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH).

Mapping of aetiologies of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of pathogens identified using a multiplex screening array.

Objective: Emergence of molecular methods to screen stools could provide a more complete picture of pathogens causing gastroenteritis, allowing to adequately treat patients whenever required but, so far, no aggregate data have been released. Our objective was to report pathogens identified in patients suffering from gastroenteritis using a multiplex molecular array.

Design: Medline and Embase were searched for original publications reporting pathogens identified with FilmArray GI panel in patients suffering from gastroenteritis.

Liquid Biopsy of Bile based on Targeted Mass Spectrometry for the Diagnosis of Malignant Biliary Strictures.

Bile holds biomarkers of malignant biliary strictures (MBS) but is unsuited for automated analyzers used in routine diagnostic laboratories. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) is a flexible high-throughput analytical approach based on targeted mass spectrometry (MS) already implemented in clinical settings. We tested the hypothesis that SRM could be used to quantify cancer biomarkers in human bile.

Disulfiram-Induced Acute Liver Injury.

Disulfiram is a drug used to treat alcohol dependence since many years. It interferes with the metabolism of alcohol, may be associated with neurological and dermatological symptoms, and can be hepatotoxic. Due to the frequent coexistent liver test alterations due to alcohol, the true incidence of disulfiram-associated liver injury is unclear and severity of injury may vary from mildly elevated liver enzymes to fulminant hepatitis leading to death.

[Management of foreign bodies ingestion].

Foreign bodies ingestion is a common event, with a potential morbidity and mortality. In the majority of cases, the foreign bodies pass through the digestive tract without any complication. An endoscopy for removal of the foreign body is necessary in 10 to 20 % of cases and a surgical intervention is required in < 1 % of cases.

[Esophageal and esophago-gastric junction cancer : management and multimodal treatment].

Esophageal cancer remains an oncological burden with a low survival rate. Multidisciplinary management is essential to offer an adjusted treatment to the patient general condition and the tumor stage. New minimally invasive surgical treatments help to reduce the surgical trauma and improve post-operative patient recovery.