Profile and development of adaptive behavior in adults with autism spectrum disorder and severe intellectual disability.

Background: This study examined the profiles of adaptive behavior development in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and severe intellectual disability (ID), and the relationships between the levels of the different domains and subdomains of adaptive development and the intensity of autistic symptomatology.

Participants: This study involved 71 adults (44 men and 27 women with average ages of 39 years 7 months and 36 years 2 months, respectively) living in medico-social institutions and having a level of adaptive development corresponding to age below 3 years 4 months and a level of cognitive development corresponding to ages between 12 and 24 months.

Methods: ASD was diagnosed using Pervasive Development Disorder-Mental Retardation Scale (PDD-MRS) and Childhood Autistic Rating Scale (CARS), ID and its severity were determined based on the Diagnostic Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) criteria, and the very low cognitive developmental level was assessed using the Socio-emotional Cognitive Evaluation Battery (Adrien, Pearson-ECPA, 2007), adapted for adults (SCEB-A).

Early Intervention in Severe Autism: Positive Outcome Using Exchange and Development Therapy.

Early intervention programs positively affect key behaviors for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most of these programs do not target children with severe autistic symptomatology associated with intellectual disability (ID). This study aimed to investigate the psychological and clinical outcomes of children with severe autism and ID enrolled in the Tailored and Inclusive Program for Autism-Tours (TIPA-T).

A comparative study of cognitive and socio-emotional development in children with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder associated with a severe intellectual disability, and in young typically developing children with matched developmental ages.

Background: Cognitive and socio-emotional profiles of children with CREBBP-related Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS 1), children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with severe intellectual disability and developmental ages (DA) under 24 months, and typically developing (TD) children with similar DA were compared.

Participants: Thirty-one children with RSTS 1 (mean chronological age, CA = 59,8 months; 33-87) and thirty children with ASD, matched on CA and DA and developmental quotients (DQ), were compared to thirty TD children (CA ranged from 12 to 24 months).

Methods: Cognitive and socio-emotional developmental levels, DA and DQ were assessed with appropriated tests.

Psychomotor, cognitive, and socio-emotional developmental profiles of children with Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome and a severe intellectual disability.

: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterised by several typical somatic characteristics and by developmental disabilities with various degrees of severity. Focusing on children with RSTS, the aim of this study was to describe their psychomotor, cognitive, and socio-emotional developmental profiles.: Twenty-three children with RSTS (12 boys; 11 girls; mean chronological age: 4 years and 10 months) with severe intellectual disability (mean developmental quotient = 32.

Heterogeneities in Cognitive and Socio-Emotional Development in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Severe Intellectual Disability as a Comorbidity.

Intellectual disability (ID) is frequently associated as a comorbidity in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study investigated a) how similar the heterogeneity in the cognitive and socio-emotional developmental profiles was for children with ASD and ID, b) the difference between the subjects' profiles and those of typically developing children (TD) matched for developmental levels, c) the skills existing with the lowest and highest developmental levels, and d) the relationship between developmental profiles in ASD and the severity of autism, ID, and the overall developmental level. The sample was comprised of 119 children (101 boys and 18 girls) who ranged in chronological age (CA) from 21 months to 14 years ( = 5 years 2 months; SD = 2 years 6 months) with developmental levels lower than 24 months.

Acoustic analysis of oral productions of infants later diagnosed with autism and their mother.

Research on early signs of autism in social interactions often focuses on infants' motor behaviors; few studies have focused on speech characteristics. This study examines infant-directed speech of mothers of infants later diagnosed with autism (LDA; n = 12) or of typically developing infants (TD; n = 11) as well as infants' productions (13 LDA, 13 TD). Since LDA infants appear to behave differently in the first months of life, it can affect the functioning of dyadic interactions, especially the first vocal productions, sensitive to expressiveness and emotions sharing.

Levels of autistic traits in anorexia nervosa: a comparative psychometric study.

Background: A number of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are over-represented among patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) as well as among relatives of these patients. Yet the co-occurrence of autistic traits in AN has not been fully explored and no previous study has directly compared self-reported evaluations of cognitive and socio-affective skills in AN and ASD.

Methods: We aimed to determine the degree of overlap between AN and ASD from scores on questionnaires classically used to measure ASD impairments.

Quality of life: a key variable to consider in the evaluation of adjustment in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders and in the development of relevant support and assistance programmes.

Purpose: Our primary objective was to identify cognitive and behavioural profiles that affect adjustment, in order to make relevant recommendations about support and assistance for parents of autistic children.

Method: One hundred and sixty French parents completed a battery of questionnaires and self-report measures developed or adapted to assess (1) the child and family situations; (2) perceived stress; (3) perceived social support; (4) perceived control; (5) coping strategies; and (6) quality of life.

Results: The psychometric properties of the instruments we used proved to be adequate.

The social cognitive evaluation battery for children with autism: a new tool for the assessment of cognitive and social development in children with autism spectrum disorders.

The Social Cognitive Evaluation Battery (SCEB) is a new instrument for the psychological evaluation of children with autism. The battery consists of 16 scales that measure different cognitive and socioemotional functions. This study reports the results of a reliability analysis and some elements of validation.

Increased perception of loudness in autism.

Clinical reports on autism describe abnormal responses to auditory stimuli such as intolerance to sounds. The present study assessed subjective perception of loudness in subjects with autism compared to healthy controls, using two psychoacoustic tests. First, the auditory dynamic range was evaluated at six different tone frequencies.

Cortical auditory processing and communication in children with autism: electrophysiological/behavioral relations.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relations between late auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) recorded at temporal sites (the N1c wave or Tb) and verbal and non-verbal abilities in children with autism. The study was performed in 26 mentally retarded children with autism (AUT) aged 4-8 years (mean age +/- S.E.

Molecular analysis of the oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein gene in autistic disorder.

We previously observed in four autistic patients a new allele (GXAlu 5) of the GXAlu microsatellite marker located in intron 27b of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene (17q11.2). This large intron contains the OMGP gene, coding for the oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein expressed by neurons and oligodendrocytes.

Hypersensitivity to acoustic change in children with autism: electrophysiological evidence of left frontal cortex dysfunctioning.

Exaggerated reactions to even small changes in the environment and abnormal behaviors in response to auditory stimuli are frequently observed in children with autism (CWA). Brain mechanisms involved in the automatic detection of auditory frequency change were studied using scalp potential and scalp current density (SCD) mapping of mismatch negativity (MMN) in 15 CWA matched with 15 healthy children. Compared with the response in controls, MMN recorded at the Fz site in CWA showed significantly shorter latency and was followed by a P3a wave.