New Plant Extracts Exert Complementary Anti-Hair Loss Properties in Human In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models.

Background: Hair loss is linked to dysfunction of the growth (anagen), regression (catagen) and rest (telogen) phases of the hair follicle (HF) cycle.

Aims: To evaluate the effects of a Silybum marianum extract (SME), manganese PCA (MnPCA), and a Lespedeza capitata extract (LCE) on markers of hair growth and anchorage in human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs), and to investigate the ability of a topical serum containing these active ingredients to improve HF growth in an ex vivo human scalp skin model.

Methods: In HFDPCs, we assessed receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation; quantified versican, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Dickkopf-1 (DDK1) secretion; and evaluated 5α-reductase (5αR) activity.

Corrigendum: Development of skin diseases following systemic exposure: example of dioxins.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.

Development of skin diseases following systemic exposure: example of dioxins.

Most skin manifestations of exposure to toxic compounds are a consequence of a direct contact with the toxicants. However, some toxicants may reach the skin following systemic exposure, and promote skin diseases. Good examples of such chemicals are dioxin-like compounds.

Senotherapeutic Effect of Retinaldehyde and Hyaluronate Fragments in Dermatoporosis.

Cellular senescence is one of the important mechanisms of skin aging. In a recent study, we have shown that in patients with dermatoporosis, an extreme senescence condition of the skin, cells positive for p16, a biomarker of senescence, were significantly increased in the epidermis. Senescent cells can develop a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) comprising pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other soluble factors, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction.

Tolerability and effectiveness of a dermocosmetic product containing Silybum marianum fruit extract in adolescents and young adults with acne-prone skin: An international, phase IV, longitudinal study.

Background: Dermocosmetic products are often used to maintain or enhance the tolerance and effectiveness of medical anti-acne therapies. Recent discoveries about the pathophysiology of acne-prone skin indicate that skincare products may help maintain homeostasis around the sebaceous gland progenitor cells, thereby preventing microcomedone formation.

Aims: To evaluate the tolerance and effectiveness of a dermocosmetic product containing Silybum marianum fruit extract (SMFE) in adolescents and young adults with acne-prone skin.

Long-Term Use of Contributes to Homeostasis in Acne-Prone Skin-A 12-Month Follow-Up International "Real Life" Cohort Study.

Background: Homeostasis in the differentiation programme of sebaceous stem cells has been identified as a key step in comedogenesis and should be a target for acne-prone skin care.

Objective: To report on a multicentre, year-long/real-life use study of a patented natural product containing proven to modulate molecular actors in the initial steps of comedogenesis.

Methods: An open-label multicentric international study, with a 12 month follow-up, included 54 teenage and young adult subjects with mild to moderate facial acne.

Lipid Droplet Proteins in Acne Skin: A Sound Target for the Maintenance of Low Comedogenic Sebum and Acne-Prone Skin Health.

In adipocytes and sebocytes, lipid droplet proteins control the storage of lipids in organized droplets and their release on demand. The contribution of lipid droplet proteins to the pathogenesis of acne is plausible because they control the levels of comedogenic free fatty acids. The expression of two lipid droplet proteins, CIDEA and PLIN2, was analyzed in the skin of patients with acne by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.

Clinical and Histopathological Features and Potential Pathological Mechanisms of Skin Lesions in COVID-19: Review of the Literature.

In recent weeks, several reports have emerged of skin lesions with different clinical presentations in COVID-19 cases. All dermatologists should be aware of these cutaneous lesions, which may be early clinical symptoms of infection. We reviewed the literature on cutaneous manifestations in the PubMed database from December 2019 and June 2020.

Morphological Analysis of Dermatoporosis by in vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy and Ultrasonography.

Background: Dermatoporosis is defined as a chronic cutaneous fragility and insufficiency syndrome. It results from chronological aging, long-term and unprotected sun exposure, genetic factors, or the chronic use of topical and systemic corticosteroids. There is currently a lack of noninvasive tools for the evaluation and quantification of dermatoporosis.

High bacterial colonization and lipase activity in microcomedones.

Background: Although acne vulgaris has a multifactorial aetiology, comedogenesis and bacteria colonization of the pilosebaceous unit are known to play a major role in the onset of inflammatory acne lesions. However, many aspects remain poorly understood such as where and when is the early stage of the Propionibacterium acnes colonization in follicular unit? Our research aimed at providing a precise analysis of microcomedone's structure to better understand the interplay between Propionibacterium acnes and follicular units, and therefore, the role of its interplay in the formation of acne lesions.

Methods: Microcomedones were sampled using cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping (CSSS).

Induction of Hyalurosome by Topical Hyaluronate Fragments Results in Superficial Filling of the Skin Complementary to Hyaluronate Filler Injections.

Hyaluronate (HA) plays a major role in the process of skin aging. The main use of HA has been for hydration and dermal fillers. Another approach, based on the discovery of the signaling effects of topically applied hyaluronate fragments (HAF), has subsequently been developed.

Cytochrome P450 1A2 activity and incidence of thyroid disease and cancer after chronic or acute exposure to dioxins.

Background: Dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; TCDD) is the most toxic congener of a family of structurally and mechanistically related persistent organic pollutants whose effects are mediated through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Induction of CYP1A1/2 by TCDD through the AhR depends on the magnitude and the duration of exposure. We aimed to assess CYP1A2 activity after acute and chronic exposure to TCDD.

Dermatoporosis, a prevalent skin condition affecting the elderly: current situation and potential treatments.

The term "dermatoporosis" was introduced a decade ago to highlight the need to pay attention to the problems posed by premature skin aging beyond esthetic considerations. People with this condition have a thinner skin that becomes fragile, tends to tear, and may lead to deep dissecting hematomas-as a final stage-corresponding to a medical emergency. Various studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of dermatoporosis in the elderly, with women being more exposed than men.

Cutaneous Adnexal Cysts Revisited: What We Know and What We Think We Know.

Cutaneous cysts have been classified by dermatopathologists in many different ways. Here, we propose a novel classification of cutaneous adnexal cysts according to their origin in the folliculosebaceous unit and the sweat glands. By examining the lining of the cystic structure, its origin can be easily identified.

From the Cover: High Susceptibility of Lrig1 Sebaceous Stem Cells to TCDD in Mice.

We have previously shown that cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) was highly induced for a long period of time in a patient who had been poisoned by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a compound known to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). During that period of time, no sebaceous glands could be observed in the skin of this patient. In this study, starting from observations in the patient exposed to TCDD, we analyzed the seboatrophy induced by dioxins in mice.

Senescent Atrophic Epidermis Retains Lrig1+ Stem Cells and Loses Wnt Signaling, a Phenotype Shared with CD44KO Mice.

Lrig1 is known to repress the epidermal growth through its inhibitory activity on EGFR, while CD44 promotes it. We analyzed the expression of these molecules in senescent atrophic human epidermis and in the epidermis of CD44KO mice. In normal human epidermis, Lrig1+ cells form clusters located in the basal layer in which CD44 expression is downregulated and Lef1 expression reflects an active Wnt signaling.

Injected Hyaluronidase Reduces the Volume of Exogenous Hyaluronate Fillers in Mice and Results in Clinical Improvement in a Patient with Pretibial Myxedema.

Background: Hyaluronidases are essential for the breakdown of hyaluronate (HA) in tissues and may be used to prevent the adverse effects of HA fillers.

Objectives: We explored the effect of hyaluronidase on exogenous and endogenous HA in vitro and in vivo.

Materials And Methods: HA fillers were incubated with different concentrations of hyaluronidase and visualized by electrophoresis.

Evaluation and identification of dioxin exposure biomarkers in human urine by high-resolution metabolomics, multivariate analysis and in vitro synthesis.

A previous high-resolution metabolomic study pointed out a dysregulation of urinary steroids and bile acids in human cases of acute dioxin exposure. A subset of 24 compounds was highlighted as putative biomarkers. The aim of the current study was (i) to evaluate the 24 biomarkers in an independent human cohort exposed to dioxins released from the incineration fumes of a municipal waste incinerator and; (ii) to identify them by comparison with authentic chemical standards and biosynthesised products obtained with in vitro metabolic reactions.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Acne Vulgaris Skin: A Case Series from the Region of Naples, Italy.

Background: Dioxins are persistent organic pollutants present in the environment. They exert their biological effects by binding to an intracellular receptor, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Activation of AhR leads to the induction of cytochrome p450 1A1 (CYP1A1).

Strategic Targets in Acne: The Comedone Switch in Question.

The sequence of events and mechanisms leading to the development of the primary acne lesion, the comedone, is revisited. Recent knowledge obtained both from lineage tracing experiments in the mouse and the pilosebaceous response to xenobiotics in humans provides robust models for further understanding key biological events at the cellular roots of comedogenesis. The focus is set on the LRIG1+ sebaceous stem cells in the isthmus of the pilosebaceous duct.

Hyalurosome gene regulation and dose-dependent restoration of skin atrophy by retinaldehyde and defined-size hyaluronate fragments in dermatoporosis.

Background: Dermatoporosis is an emerging clinical condition caused by chronological skin aging, long-term sun exposure and chronic use of corticosteroids; however, genomic expression in dermatoporosis and the efficacy of different therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat dermatoporosis have not been investigated so far.

Objective: We examined the possible effect of topical retinaldehyde (RAL) and defined-size hyaluronate fragments (HAFi) on the expression of hyalurosome genes potentially involved in the pathogenesis of dermatoporosis. We also explored the effect of different concentrations of HAFi on skin thickness.