Hip shelf acetabuloplasty in borderline dysplasia, an alternative between Periacetabular Osteotomy and arthroscopic procedures.

Purpose: Surgical treatments for symptomatic borderline dysplastic hips (Lateral Center-Edge Angle: LCEA 18-25°) remain challenging, instability being the primary issue. Currently, treatment options include arthroscopic procedures or peri-acetabular osteotomy (PAO). Although the popularity of the acetabular shelf bone block has declined in favor of PAO, it may still be relevant as a hip joint stabilizer and coverage area, rather than for increasing coverage area by cartilage.

Cost effectiveness of adding nucleic acid testing to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus screening of blood donations in Zimbabwe.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of introducing individual-donation nucleic acid testing (ID-NAT), in addition to serologic tests, compared with the exclusive use of serologic tests for the identification of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) I and II among blood donors in Zimbabwe.

Study Design And Methods: The costs, health consequences, and cost effectiveness of adding ID-NAT to serologic tests, compared with serologic testing alone, were estimated from a health care perspective using a decision-analytic model.

Results: The introduction of ID-NAT in addition to serologic tests would lower the risk of HBV, HCV, and HIV transmission to 46.

Impact of using different blood donor subpopulations and models on the estimation of transfusion transmission residual risk of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Zimbabwe.

Background: Various models for estimating the residual risk (RR) of transmission of infections by blood transfusion have been published mainly based on data from high-income countries. However, to obtain the data required for such an assessment remains challenging for most developing settings. The National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ) adapted a published incidence-window period (IWP) model, which has less demanding data requirements.

The costs of producing a unit of blood in Zimbabwe.

Background: There is lack of published data on the costs of blood and blood transfusion in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the unit costs of producing blood in Zimbabwe using an activity-based costing (ABC) method.

Study Design And Methods: A management accounting approach, based on the ABC method, was used to develop a cost model for blood.

Profiles of blood and blood component transfusion recipients in Zimbabwe.

Background: There are limited published data on the characteristics of blood transfusion recipients in sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes the demographic characteristics of blood transfusion recipients and patterns of blood and blood component use in Zimbabwe.

Materials And Methods: Data on the characteristics of the blood transfusion recipients (age, sex, blood group), blood components received (type, quantity), discharge diagnoses and outcomes following transfusion (discharge status, duration of stay in hospital), were retrospectively collected from four major hospitals for the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012.

Gene Expression Profiling of Desmoid Tumors by cDNA Microarrays and Correlation with Progression-Free Survival.

Purpose: Because desmoid tumors exhibit an unpredictable clinical course, translational research is crucial to identify the predictive factors of progression in addition to the clinical parameters. The main issue is to detect patients who are at a higher risk of progression. The aim of this work was to identify molecular markers that can predict progression-free survival (PFS).

Quality in practice: implementation of hospital guidelines for patient identification in Malawi.

Quality Problem Or Issue: Patient identification in a teaching hospital in Malawi. Initial assessment 34% of hospital staff recalled a misidentification event in the preceding year; less than 10% of staff described the use of unique patient identifiers other than name when taking blood samples and 98% of laboratory requests included no identifiers other than name.

Choice Of Solution: Hospital identification guidelines based on WHO guidelines to introduce identification wristbands; encourage routine use of an identifier in addition to name on laboratory requests and improve bedside identification procedures.

Material & equipment, procurement & maintenance: Impact on blood safety.

Blood Transfusion Safety is dependent on effectively organised and managed blood services, which have adequate financial resources, skilled manpower, appropriate infrastructure and quality management systems in place. 80% of the world's population has access to 20% of the supply blood products, of which little is consistently safe. HIV highlighted the importance of blood safety.