Natural history of scoliosis in nonambulatory spastic tetraplegic cerebral palsy.

Objective: To analyze the development and progression of scoliosis in children and adolescents with nonambulatory spastic tetraplegic cerebral palsy.

Design: Retrospective longitudinal review.

Setting: Pediatric nursing home.

Cyproheptadine for pediatric intrathecal baclofen withdrawal: a case report.

Intrathecal baclofen withdrawal syndrome is a known complication of intrathecal baclofen pumps. Its origin is postulated as an independent form of a serotonergic syndrome occurring from loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor-mediated inhibition of serotonin. Prodromal symptoms include pruritus, a return of deep tendon reflexes, and increased spastic hypertonia.

Primary care of the child with cerebral palsy: a review of systems (part II).

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder of movement and posture with additional potential to affect cognitive status. Thus, the goals for management of the child with CP include the following: to promote optimal function; to maintain general health; to foster acquisition of new skills; to assist and educate parents and caregivers; and to anticipate, prevent, and treat the complications of this disorder. Pediatric management of the child with CP should begin at the time of diagnosis.

Cerebral palsy: introduction and diagnosis (part I).

Cerebral palsy (CP), a static, nonprogressive disorder caused by brain insult or injury in the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal time period, is the major developmental disability affecting function in children. It is characterized by the inability to normally control motor functions, and it has the potential to have an effect on the overall development of a child by affecting the child's ability to explore, speak, learn, and become independent. Effective management can improve the quality of life for the child and family.

Stroke-induced trismus in a pediatric patient: long-term resolution with botulinum toxin A.

We present a case of prolonged resolution of stroke-induced trismus after botulinum toxin A treatment in a 9 1/2-yr-old boy. The patient had an idiopathic right posterior fossa hemorrhage with resultant spastic quadriparesis, ataxia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. He developed right-sided trismus with only fair response to stretch.