Publications by authors named "Jean Claude Chevre"
Article Synopsis
- A study identified 14 low-frequency genetic variants linked to body mass index (BMI) in a large group of mostly European individuals.
- The research aimed to evaluate how two genetic scores (GS) related to obesity risk, BMI changes before and after lifestyle interventions, and outcomes after bariatric surgery.
- Findings showed that while the risk GS didn't correlate with severe obesity or pre-intervention BMI, BMI-decreasing variants were less common in obese individuals; however, the protective GS led to more significant BMI decreases after bariatric surgery and influenced the likelihood of weight regain.
Achieving immunoregulation expansion of Foxp3 regulatory CD4 T cells (Treg) remains challenging. We have shown that mobilization confers to multipotent hematopoietic progenitors (MPPs) the capacity to enhance Treg proliferation. Transcriptomic analysis of Tregs co-cultured with MPPs revealed enhanced expression of genes stabilizing the suppressive function of Tregs as well as the activation of IL-1β-driven pathways.
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- A1C is a key marker for monitoring blood glucose levels, and a genetic variant (rs7072268) in the HK1 gene is linked to increased A1C levels, but not to other glucose control markers.
- The study involved analyzing data from nearly 30,000 individuals to examine the effects of this variant on A1C and red blood cell traits, revealing a significant link between the variant and lower hemoglobin levels and higher anemia risk.
- The conclusions suggest that the impact of HK1 on A1C might be mediated through its influence on anemia rather than directly affecting glucose metabolism, which could affect type 2 diabetes management.
Article Synopsis
- * We found significant associations with obesity for 38 genetic markers, which were further tested in a larger group of 14,186 Europeans.
- * In addition to previously known genes (FTO and MC4R), we identified three new risk loci linked to obesity: NPC1, MAF, and PTER.
In genome-wide association (GWA) data from 2,151 nondiabetic French subjects, we identified rs1387153, near MTNR1B (which encodes the melatonin receptor 2 (MT2)), as a modulator of fasting plasma glucose (FPG; P = 1.3 x 10(-7)). In European populations, the rs1387153 T allele is associated with increased FPG (beta = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn 404 Lep(ob/ob) F2 progeny of a C57BL/6J (B6) x DBA/2J (DBA) intercross, we mapped a DBA-related quantitative trait locus (QTL) to distal Chr1 at 169.6 Mb, centered about D1Mit110, for diabetes-related phenotypes that included blood glucose, HbA1c, and pancreatic islet histology. The interval was refined to 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe therapeutic effects of cannabinoid receptor blockade on obesity-associated phenotypes underline the importance of the endocannabinoid pathway on the energy balance. Using a staged-approach, we examined the contribution of the endocannabinoid receptor 1 gene (CNR1) on obesity and body mass index (BMI) in the European population. With the input of CNR1 exons and 3' and 5' regions sequencing and HapMap database, we selected and genotyped 26 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1932 obese cases and 1173 non-obese controls of French European origin.
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- * In our study, which involved 2,900 obese individuals and 5,100 controls, we reported a very significant result with a P value of 1.67 x 10(-26).
- * The identified genetic variation accounts for about 22% of the risk for common obesity, suggesting that FTO could be an important focus for future research on obesity treatment and understanding.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a heterogeneous single gene disorder characterized by non-insulin-dependent diabetes, an early onset and autosomal dominant inheritance. Mutations in six genes have been shown to cause MODY. Approximately 15-20% of families fitting MODY criteria do not have mutations in any of the known genes.
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