Effect of inhibition of the lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 on metastasis and metastatic dormancy in breast cancer.

Background: Previous studies identified the human nonmetastatic gene 23 (NME1, hereafter Nm23-H1) as the first metastasis suppressor gene. An inverse relationship between Nm23-H1 and expression of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 gene (LPAR1, also known as EDG2 or hereafter LPA1) has also been reported. However, the effects of LPA1 inhibition on primary tumor size, metastasis, and metastatic dormancy have not been investigated.

Single-cell tumor dormancy model of uveal melanoma.

Background: Ocular melanoma is easily treated by the removal of the eye or through plaque radiotherapy. However, after removal or control of the primary tumor, patients can develop fatal liver metastases up to 20 years later. It has been reported that difficulties in imaging single cells and the propensity for tumor cells to replicate rapidly in animal models account for the deficit of single-cell tumor dormancy models.

Immunomagnetic isolation and in vitro expansion of human uveal melanoma cell lines.

Purpose: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intra-ocular tumor in adults. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the survival rate of UM has not increased in the last several decades. Approximately 50% of patients will die as a consequence of metastatic disease with the majority of metastases localized to the liver.

The use of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (Nepafenac) in an ocular and metastatic animal model of uveal melanoma.

The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been reported as an indicator of poor prognosis in a wide variety of human tumors, including colon, breast and uveal melanoma (UM). COX-2 inhibitors have shown promise in controlling the malignancy of several types of tumors. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of a COX-2 inhibitor on the proliferation rates of human UM cells.

The effect of blue light exposure and use of intraocular lenses on human uveal melanoma cell lines.

Little is known about the effect of blue light on inducing melanocytic malignant transformation. We chose to investigate the effect of blue light (475 nm wavelength) on the proliferation rates of uveal melanoma cells. In addition, we tested two different intraocular lenses to determine the possible effects of ultraviolet absorbing and blue light filtering intraocular lenses on the changes in proliferation.

Characterization of ocular and metastatic uveal melanoma in an animal model.

Purpose: To characterize, in detail, tumor development, malignant cell dissemination, and metastasis in a 10-week animal model of uveal melanoma.

Methods: One million 92.1 human primary uveal melanoma cells were injected into the suprachoroidal space of the right eye of 27 immunosuppressed albino rabbits.

How in vitro techniques have increased our understanding of uveal melanoma cellular biology.

The past decade has seen a rapid increase in powerful in vitro techniques allowing for the specific study of the biologic properties of tumours. In this review we discuss the role of in vitro studies in providing insight into the biologic mechanisms involved in uveal melanoma. We also review the basis of these studies for the development of adjuvant therapies to aid in the treatment of systemic disease in patients with uveal melanoma.