Serum gastrin concentrations in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Hypercalcemia has been associated with hypergastrinemia in humans. Hypergastrinemia could be responsible for gastrointestinal (GI) signs in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Hypothesis/objectives: (a) Determine whether hypergastrinemia occurs in dogs with PHPT, (b) assess for potential correlations among ionized calcium (iCa), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and serum gastrin concentrations, and (c) determine whether gastrin concentrations decrease after management of PHPT.

induces autoimmune peripheral neuropathy via Sialoadhesin and Interleukin-4 axes.

is a leading cause of gastroenteritis that has been causally linked with development of the autoimmune peripheral neuropathy Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS). Previously, we showed that isolates from human enteritis patients induced Type1/17-cytokine dependent colitis in interleukin-10 (IL-10) mice, while isolates from GBS patients colonized these mice without colitis but instead induced autoantibodies that cross-reacted with the sialylated oligosaccharide motifs on the LOS of GBS-associated and the peripheral nerve gangliosides. We show here that infection of IL-10 mice with the GBS but not the colitis isolate led to sciatic nerve inflammation and abnormal gait and hind limb movements, with character and timing consistent with this syndrome in humans.

Th1/Th17-mediated Immunity and Protection from Peripheral Neuropathy in Wildtype and IL10 BALB/c Mice Infected with a Guillain-Barré Syndrome-associated Strain.

is an important cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and is linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a debilitating postinfectious polyneuropathy. The immunopathogenesis of GBS involves the generation of antibodies that are cross reactive to lipooligosaccharide and structurally similar peripheral nerve gangliosides. Both the infecting strain and host factors contribute to GBS development.

Low-dose desoxycorticosterone pivalate treatment of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is a commonly used mineralocorticoid replacement for dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism (HA), but manufacturer-recommended dosing protocols can be cost-prohibitive. Recent reports also have raised concerns that label dose protocols could be excessive.

Objective: To investigate the relative efficacy and adverse effects of 2 DOCP dosages in dogs with primary glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficient HA.

Transplanted human fecal microbiota enhanced Guillain Barré syndrome autoantibody responses after Campylobacter jejuni infection in C57BL/6 mice.

Background: Campylobacter jejuni is the leading antecedent infection to the autoimmune neuropathy Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which is accompanied by an autoimmune anti-ganglioside antibody attack on peripheral nerves. Previously, we showed that contrasting immune responses mediate C. jejuni induced colitis and autoimmunity in interleukin-10 (IL-10)-deficient mice, dependent upon the infecting strain.

Total nucleated cell and leukocyte differential counts in canine pleural and peritoneal fluid and equine synovial fluid samples: comparison of automated and manual methods.

Background: Rapid and precise measurement of total and differential nucleated cell counts is a crucial diagnostic component of cavitary and synovial fluid analyses.

Objectives: The objectives of this study included (1) evaluation of reliability and precision of canine and equine fluid total nucleated cell count (TNCC) determined by the benchtop Abaxis VetScan HM5, in comparison with the automated reference instruments ADVIA 120 and the scil Vet abc, respectively, and (2) comparison of automated with manual canine differential nucleated cell counts.

Methods: The TNCC and differential counts in canine pleural and peritoneal, and equine synovial fluids were determined on the Abaxis VetScan HM5 and compared with the ADVIA 120 and Vet abc analyzer, respectively.

Brucellosis seroprevalence among workers in at-risk professions: northwestern Wyoming, 2005 to 2006.

Objective: Brucellosis is uncommon in the United States; however, its circulation among wildlife and domestic cattle has been ongoing in Wyoming. To assess the public health threat of brucellosis circulation among animals, a seroprevalence study was undertaken among workers in professions considered to be at the highest risk for infection.

Methods: A seroprevalence study was undertaken targeting individuals in at-risk professions in the affected area of the state.

Lesion severity at processing as a predictor of Salmonella contamination of swine carcasses.

Objective: To measure the relationship between gross lesions in swine carcasses observed at a processing plant and Salmonella contamination and to determine whether nonexpert assessments of lesion status would correspond with swine pathologists' judgments.

Animals: Carcasses of 202 conventionally raised and 156 antimicrobial-free pigs in a Midwestern US processing plant examined from December 2005 to January 2006.

Procedures: 4 replicates were conducted.

Swine health impact on carcass contamination and human foodborne risk.

Objective: This study measured the relationship between lesions suggestive of subclinical pig illness at harvest to carcass contamination and human foodborne risk.

Methods: Over the course of eight visits (December 2005 to January 2006), we swabbed 280 randomly selected carcasses, during normal slaughter operations, at three points in the slaughter line: skin pre-scald; the bung or pelvic cavity following removal of the distal colon and rectum; and pleural cavity, immediately before the final carcass rinse. Each swab sponge was used on five carcasses in bung and pleural cavity sampling.