Motivators and Barriers Affecting Exercise in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

Background And Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD) significantly impacts the quality of life via both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Exercise is a valuable nonpharmacological intervention that can alleviate PD symptoms and slow disease progression. Understanding the factors that motivate and restrict exercise in PD patients is essential for promoting engagement.

Evaluating post-cardiac arrest blood pressure thresholds associated with neurologic outcome in children: Insights from the pediRES-Q database.

Background: Current Pediatric Advanced Life Support Guidelines recommend maintaining blood pressure (BP) above the 5th percentile for age following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest (CA). Emerging evidence suggests that targeting higher thresholds, such as the 10th or 25th percentiles, may improve neurologic outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the association between post-ROSC BP thresholds and neurologic outcome, hypothesizing that maintaining mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) above these thresholds would be associated with improved outcomes at hospital discharge.

Distinct roles of centriole distal appendage proteins in ciliary assembly and disassembly.

The primary cilium is a cellular organelle whose assembly and disassembly are closely linked to the cell cycle. The centriole distal appendage (DA) is essential for the early stages of ciliogenesis by anchoring the mother centriole to the cell surface. Despite the identification of over twelve proteins constituting the DA, including CEP83, CEP89, CEP164, FBF1, and SCLT1, their specific functions in ciliary dynamics are not fully understood.

Simultaneous co-circulation of two genotypes of dengue virus serotype 3 causing a large outbreak in Sri Lanka in year 2023.

Background: We observed a discrepancy between dengue NS1 antigen test and molecular diagnostics, with the emergence of (DENV) serotype 3 in Sri Lanka and sought to understand the cause for the rise in cases and high failure rates of molecular diagnostics.

Methods: Whole genomic sequencing was carried out in 22 DENV-3 samples. Phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis were done for genotype assignment and to understand the rate of evolution.

TMEM132A regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling through stabilizing LRP6 during mouse embryonic development.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is crucial for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is linked to various developmental anomalies and diseases, notably cancer. Although numerous regulators of the Wnt signaling pathway have been identified, their precise function during mouse embryo development remains unclear.

Validation of a Novel Mobile Application for Assessing Pediatric Tracheostomy Emergency Simulations.

Objective: Pediatric tracheostomy is associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet clinician knowledge and quality of tracheostomy care may vary widely. In situ simulation is effective at detecting and mitigating related latent safety threats, but evaluation via retrospective video review has disadvantages (eg, delayed analysis, and potential data loss). We evaluated whether a novel mobile application is accurate and reliable for assessment of in situ tracheostomy emergency simulations.

Sign Reversal of Spin-Transfer Torques.

Spin-transfer torque (STT) and spin-orbit torque (SOT) form the core of spintronics, allowing for the control of magnetization through electric currents. While the sign of SOT can be manipulated through material and structural engineering, it is conventionally understood that STT lacks a degree of freedom in its sign. However, this study presents the first demonstration of manipulating the STT sign by engineering heavy metals adjacent to magnetic materials in magnetic heterostructures.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated With Second Generation Antipsychotics: A Case Study and Review of Literature.

Objective: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) have revolutionized the treatment of psychiatric disorders, but are associated with significant metabolic risks, including diabetes and hyperglycemic crises. This review explores the complex interplay between antipsychotics, diabetes, and hyperglycemic crises, highlighting the mechanisms underlying SGA-induced diabetes.

Methods: We present the case of a patient with schizophrenia who was taking antipsychotic medication and was admitted to the emergency room due to the sudden onset of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) without any history of diabetes.

: Guiding and monitoring circuit assembly for synchronous and remote physical computing education.

Motivated by the necessity of guiding and monitoring students when assembling electronic circuits during in-class activities, we propose , an augmented breadboard that enhances synchronous and remote physical computing classes. uses LEDs placed on each row of a breadboard to guide, via four distinct blinking patterns, how to place and connect components and wires. It also uses a set of Input/Output pins to sense voltage levels or to generate voltage output at user-specified rows.

Cerebral Oximetry During Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Multicenter Study of Survival and Neurologic Outcome.

Objectives: To determine if near-infrared spectroscopy measuring cerebral regional oxygen saturation (crS o2 ) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is associated with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge (SHD) in children.

Design: Multicenter, observational study.

Setting: Three hospitals in the pediatric Resuscitation Quality (pediRES-Q) collaborative from 2015 to 2022.

Association of blood pressure with neurologic outcome at hospital discharge after pediatric cardiac arrest resuscitation.

Background: Poor outcomes are associated with post cardiac arrest blood pressures <5th percentile for age. We aimed to study the relationship of mean arterial pressure (MAP) with favorable neurologic outcome following cardiac arrest and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

Methods: This retrospective, multi-center, observational study analyzed data from the Pediatric Resuscitation Quality Collaborative (pediRES-Q).

Sterol Biosynthesis Contributes to Brefeldin-A-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Resistance in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in most eukaryotes. In this response, sterols in the phospholipid bilayer play a crucial role in controlling membrane fluidity and homeostasis. Despite the significance of both the ER stress response and sterols in maintaining ER homeostasis, their relationship remains poorly explored.

Association between Fractures and Low Muscle Mass in Korean Menopausal Women: Data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (2010-2011).

Objectives: This study used the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to determine the association between fractures and low muscle mass.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the 2010-2011 KNHANES data. Low muscle mass was defined as (appendicular skeletal muscle mass [kg]/Height² [m²]) < 5.

Rendering Perceived Terrain Stiffness in VR Via Preload Variation Against Body-Weight.

PreloadStep is a novel platform that creates the illusion of walking on different types of terrain in Virtual Reality without requiring users to wear any special instrumentation. PreloadStep works by compressing a set of springs between two plates, with the amount of compression determining the perceived stiffness of the virtual terrain. The platform can render perception of stiffness by applying preload forces up to 824 N in different portions of the terrain, capable of changing stiffness illusion even while a user is standing on it.

Systematic Control of Ferrimagnetic Skyrmions via Composition Modulation in Pt/FeTb/Ta Multilayers.

Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin textures that can be used as memory and logic components for advancing the next generation spintronics. In this regard, control of nanoscale skyrmions, including their sizes and densities, is of particular importance for enhancing the storage capacity of skyrmionic devices. Here, we propose a viable route for engineering ferrimagnetic skyrmions via tuning the magnetic properties of the involved ferrimagnets FeTb.

Quantitative electroencephalographic biomarker of pharmacological treatment response in patients with anxiety disorder: a retrospective study.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) biomarker in predicting the response to pharmacological treatment in patients with anxiety disorder. A total of 86 patients were diagnosed with anxiety disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition, and subsequently treated with antidepressants. After 8-12 weeks, the participants were divided into treatment-resistant (TRS) and treatment-response (TRP) groups based on their Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scores.

A Study on the Factors Affecting Anger in Patients With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.

Objective: To identify the factors affecting anger in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients who underwent Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent CAPS and MMPI-2 at Veteran Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Based on the CAPS score, the patients were divided into the PTSD group (n=46) and the trauma exposed without PTSD group (n=29).

Tissue-specific requirement of sodium channel and clathrin linker 1 (Sclt1) for ciliogenesis during limb development.

Primary cilia have essential roles as signaling centers during development and adult homeostasis. Disruption of ciliary structure or function causes congenital human disorders called ciliopathies. Centriolar distal appendage (DAP) proteins are important for anchoring cilia to the membrane.

Effect of Common ER Stress-Inducing Drugs on the Growth and Lipid Phenotypes of Chlamydomonas and Arabidopsis.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is caused by the stress-induced accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. Several compounds are used to induce the unfolded protein response (UPR) in animals, with different modes of action, but which ER stress-inducing drugs induce ER stress in microalgae or land plants is unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of seven chemicals that were reported to induce ER stress in animals on the growth, UPR gene expression and fatty acid profiles of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas) and Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis): 2-deoxyglucose, dithiothreitol (DTT), tunicamycin (TM), thapsigargin, brefeldin A (BFA), monensin (MON) and eeyarestatin I.

Biotechnological Approaches for Biomass and Lipid Production Using Microalgae and Its Future Perspectives.

Heavy reliance on fossil fuels has been associated with increased climate disasters. As an alternative, microalgae have been proposed as an effective agent for biomass production. Several advantages of microalgae include faster growth, usage of non-arable land, recovery of nutrients from wastewater, efficient CO capture, and high amount of biomolecules that are valuable for humans.

Unveiling the Emergent Traits of Chiral Spin Textures in Magnetic Multilayers.

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically wound nanoscale textures of spins whose ambient stability and electrical manipulation in multilayer films have led to an explosion of research activities. While past efforts focused predominantly on isolated skyrmions, recently ensembles of chiral spin textures, consisting of skyrmions and magnetic stripes, are shown to possess rich interactions with potential for device applications. However, several fundamental aspects of chiral spin texture phenomenology remain to be elucidated, including their domain wall (DW) structure, thermodynamic stability, and morphological transitions.

Deep learning model enables the discovery of a novel immunotherapeutic agent regulating the kynurenine pathway.

Kynurenine (Kyn) is a key inducer of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Although indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-selective inhibitors have been developed to suppress the Kyn pathway, the results were not satisfactory due to the presence of various opposing mechanisms. Here, we employed an orally administered novel Kyn pathway regulator to overcome the limitation of anti-tumor immune response.

Programmable Dynamics of Exchange-Biased Domain Wall via Spin-Current-Induced Antiferromagnet Switching.

Magnetic domain wall (DW) motion in perpendicularly magnetized materials is drawing increased attention due to the prospect of new type of information storage devices, such as racetrack memory. To augment the functionalities of DW motion-based devices, it is essential to improve controllability over the DW motion. Other than electric current, which is known to induce unidirectional shifting of a train of DWs, an application of in-plane magnetic field also enables the control of DW dynamics by rotating the DW magnetization and consequently modulating the inherited chiral DW structure.