First Investigation of the Spring Dietary Composition of Siberian Musk Deer () Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Understanding the dietary composition of the Siberian musk deer () is critical for informing conservation efforts, particularly given the species' vulnerable status in the Republic of Korea and its limited ecological data. Previous dietary studies have relied on conventional methods with limitations in taxonomic precision, hindering comprehensive insights into their feeding ecology. To address this gap, we used Next-Generation Sequencing to analyze 16 fecal samples collected in April from Gangwon Province, the habitat of .

Enhancing virus-mediated genome editing for cultivated tomato through low temperature.

Viral vector-mediated gene editing is enhanced for cultivated tomato under low temperature conditions, enabling higher mutation rates, heritable, and virus-free gene editing for efficient breeding. The CRISPR/Cas system, a versatile gene-editing tool, has revolutionized plant breeding by enabling precise genetic modifications. The development of robust and efficient genome-editing tools for crops is crucial for their application in plant breeding.

Scalable Multistep Roll-to-Roll Printing of Multifunctional and Robust Reentrant Microcavity Surfaces via a Wetting-Induced Process.

Owing to their unique structural robustness, interconnected reentrant structures offer multifunctionality for various applications. a scalable multistep roll-to-roll printing method is proposed for fabricating reentrant microcavity surfaces, coined as wetting-induced interconnected reentrant geometry (WING) process. The key to the proposed WING process is a highly reproducible reentrant structure formation controlled by the capillary action during contact between prefabricated microcavity structure and spray-coated ultraviolet-curable resins.

Reassessing the contribution of TOMATO AGAMOUS-LIKE1 to fruit ripening by CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis.

CRISPR/Cas9-edited TOMATO AGAMOUS-LIKE1 (TAGL1) provided new insights into fruit ripening. TOMATO AGAMOUS LIKE 1 (TAGL1) has been identified as playing a key role in the process of tomato fruit development and ripening. We have re-evaluated the functions of TAGL1 using CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis.

Bioconversion of citrus waste into mucic acid by xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Mucic acid holds promise as a platform chemical for bio-based nylon synthesis; however, its biological production encounters challenges including low yield and productivity. In this study, an efficient and high-yield method for mucic acid production was developed by employing genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing the NAD-dependent uronate dehydrogenase (udh) gene. To overcome the NAD dependency for the conversion of pectin to mucic acid, xylose was utilized as a co-substrate.

Natural overexpression of CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 4 in tomato alters carotenoid flux.

Carotenoids and apocarotenoids function as pigments and flavor volatiles in plants that enhance consumer appeal and offer health benefits. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum.) fruit, especially those of wild species, exhibit a high degree of natural variation in carotenoid and apocarotenoid contents.

Erratum: Development of diagnostic molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding against bacterial wilt in tomato.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.20027.

QTL Mapping for Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Caused by Two Isolates of in Chili Pepper ( L.).

Bacterial wilt caused by the β-proteobacterium is one of the most destructive soil-borne pathogens in peppers ( L.) worldwide. Cultivated pepper fields in Korea face a continuous spread of this pathogen due to global warming.

A comparative transcriptomics and eQTL approach identifies SlWD40 as a tomato fruit ripening regulator.

Although multiple vital genes with strong effects on the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) ripening process have been identified via the positional cloning of ripening mutants and cloning of ripening-related transcription factors (TFs), recent studies suggest that it is unlikely that we have fully characterized the gene regulatory networks underpinning this process. Here, combining comparative transcriptomics and expression QTLs, we identified 16 candidate genes involved in tomato fruit ripening and validated them through virus-induced gene silencing analysis. To further confirm the accuracy of the approach, one potential ripening regulator, SlWD40 (WD-40 repeats), was chosen for in-depth analysis.

The comparisons of expression pattern reveal molecular regulation of fruit metabolites in S. nigrum and S. lycopersicum.

Solanum nigrum, known as black nightshade, is a medicinal plant that contains many beneficial metabolites in its fruit. The molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these metabolites remain uninvestigated due to limited genetic information. Here, we identified 47,470 unigenes of S.

QTL-Seq Analysis for Identification of Resistance Loci to Bacterial Canker in Tomato.

Bacterial canker caused by () is one of the most economically important vascular diseases causing unilateral leaf wilting, stem canker, a bird's-eye lesion on fruit, and whole plant wilting in tomato. There is no commercially available cultivar with bacterial canker resistance, and genomics-assisted breeding can accelerate the development of cultivars with enhanced resistance. "Hawaii 7998" was found to show bacterial canker resistance.

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of Alba gene family members in response to abiotic stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

Background: Alba (Acetylation lowers binding affinity) proteins are an ancient family of nucleic acid-binding proteins that function in gene regulation, RNA metabolism, mRNA translatability, developmental processes, and stress adaptation. However, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on the Alba gene family of Solanum lycopersicum has not been reported previously.

Results: In the present study, we undertook the first comprehensive genome-wide characterization of the Alba gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.

Salicylic Acid, a Plant Hormone, Suppresses Phytophagous Insect Immune Response by Interrupting HMG-Like DSP1.

Salicylic acid is a plant hormone that can mediate various plant physiological processes. Salicylic acid can bind to human high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interrupt its role in mediating immune responses. Dorsal switch protein 1 (DSP1) is an insect homolog of HMGB1.

Development and Application of Gene-Specific Markers for Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Resistance in Both Field and Artificial Infections.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a disease that is damaging to tomato production worldwide. Resistance to TYLCV has been intensively investigated, and single resistance genes such as have been widely deployed in breeding programs. However, resistance-breaking incidences are frequently reported, and achieving durable resistance against TYLCV in the field is important.

Cloning and Functional Characterization of Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase Gene Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis of Chrysanthemum.

Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) catalyzes a committed step in anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis by reducing dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanidins. However, the role of this enzyme in determining flower color in the economically important crop chrysanthemum ( Ramat.) is unknown.

Ectopic expression of miRNA172 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) reveals novel function in fruit development through regulation of an AP2 transcription factor.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can influence gene expression via diverse mechanisms. Tomato is a fruit widely consumed for its flavor, culinary attributes, and high nutritional quality. Tomato fruit are climacteric and fleshy, and their ripening is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals operating through a coordinated genetic network.

Genetic mapping of the c1 locus by GBS-based BSA-seq revealed Pseudo-Response Regulator 2 as a candidate gene controlling pepper fruit color.

The Pseudo-Response Regulator 2 gene was identified in the c1 locus, representing a genetic factor regulating fruit color in pepper using GBS-based BSA-seq. The loci c1, c2, and y have been widely reported as genetic determinants of various ripe fruit colors in pepper. However, c1, which may impact reduced pigmentation in red, orange, and yellow fruits, is not well understood.

Light-Controlled Fruit Pigmentation and Flavor Volatiles in Tomato and Bell Pepper.

Light is a major environmental factor affecting the regulation of secondary metabolites, such as pigments and flavor. The Solanaceae plant family has diverse patterns of fruit metabolisms that serve as suitable models to understand the molecular basis of its regulation across species. To investigate light-dependent regulation for fruit pigmentation and volatile flavors, major fruit pigments, their biosynthetic gene expression, and volatiles were analyzed in covered fruits of tomato and bell pepper.

Silencing of the phytoene desaturase () gene affects the expression of fruit-ripening genes in tomatoes.

Background: Past research has shown that virus-induced phytoene desaturase () gene silencing via agroinjection in the attached and detached fruit of tomato plants results in a pale-yellow fruit phenotype. Although the gene is often used as a marker for gene silencing in tomatoes, little is known about the role of in fruit ripening. In this study, we investigated whether the pepper gene silenced endogenous genes in the fruit of two tomato cultivars, Dotaerang Plus and Legend Summer.

Organellar genome analysis reveals endosymbiotic gene transfers in tomato.

We assembled three complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes), two of Solanum lycopersicum and one of Solanum pennellii, and analyzed their intra- and interspecific variations. The mitogenomes were 423,596-446,257 bp in length. Despite numerous rearrangements between the S.

Molecular Insights Reveal Psy1, SGR, and SlMYB12 Genes are Associated with Diverse Fruit Color Pigments in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

The color of tomato () fruit flesh is often used as an indicator of quality. Generally, fruit color is determined by the accumulation of carotenoids and flavonoids, along with concomitant degradation of chlorophylls during ripening. Several genes, such as (), (), and , have been extensively studied to elucidate the genes controlling fruit coloration.

New reference genome sequences of hot pepper reveal the massive evolution of plant disease-resistance genes by retroduplication.

Background: Transposable elements are major evolutionary forces which can cause new genome structure and species diversification. The role of transposable elements in the expansion of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich-repeat proteins (NLRs), the major disease-resistance gene families, has been unexplored in plants.

Results: We report two high-quality de novo genomes (Capsicum baccatum and C.

Inferring the Genetic Determinants of Fruit Colors in Tomato by Carotenoid Profiling.

Carotenoids are essential for plant and animal nutrition, and are important factors in the variation of pigmentation in fruits, leaves, and flowers. Tomato is a model crop for studying the biology and biotechnology of fleshy fruits, particularly for understanding carotenoid biosynthesis. In commercial tomato cultivars and germplasms, visual phenotyping of the colors of ripe fruits can be done easily.