Five-year trend in secondary prevention medication prescription and risk factor control among patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases in Perak health clinics.

Introduction: Prescription of secondary prevention medications (SPMs) and effective control of cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) are crucial to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, particularly in high-risk individuals including those with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to analyse the trends in SPM prescription and identify the factors associated with RF control among patients with DM and cardiovascular diseases in Perak health clinics.

Methods: Data of patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular diseases (CeVDs) audited from 2018 to 2022, excluding those lost to follow-up, were extracted from the National Diabetes Registry.

Underprescription of Fibrate Among Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy in Perak, Malaysia.

Objectives Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness and its prevalence is increasing. Fibrate, specifically fenofibrate, has been shown to be efficacious in reducing the progression of DR. This study aims to determine the five-year trend of and factors associated with the prescription of fibrate among patients with DR in Perak.

ABC approach for the management of adults with hyperthyroidism: A practical strategy in primary care.

Hyperthyroidism is commonly seen in primary care settings. However, the management of hyperthyroidism might be unclear to primary care doctors. Various guidelines have been published to assist clinicians in the management of thyroid disorders at various levels of care.

Characteristics and factors associated with severity of COVID-19 infections in primary care.

Introduction: Primary care service plays a vital role in early clinical assessment of patients with COVID-19 in Malaysia. This study aimed to evaluate the potential risk factors of COVID-19 severity at presentation to primary care facilities in the post-vaccination period.

Method: Clinical records from the Selangkah system of all patients with COVID-19 aged above 18 years seen at COVID-19 assessment centres located in 10 government health clinics in Gombak district, Selangor, from 1 October to 31 December 2021 with complete documentation and outcomes were retrieved.

A masquerade in a symptomatic patient with heart failure.

We describe the case of a 72-year-old housewife who presented to a primary care specialist clinic for reassessment following multiple hospitalisations for heart failure within the past 9 months. She presented with decreased effort tolerance and tiredness for the past 1 year. Her symptoms had remained the same despite current treatment.

An Unexpected Reaction to Topical Garlic Medicament - A Case Report of Irritant Contact Dermatitis Successfully Managed in Primary Care.

Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a common skin condition in primary care. The frequent cause of ICD includes hair dye, nail polish, paints, cleaners, soap, and detergent. We present a case of ICD caused by topical garlic medicament, successfully identified and managed in primary care.

An adult with a finger mass is it benign or malignant?

We described the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with left index finger mass persisting for 6 months. The mass was small and, painless and had gradually increased in size with limited finger flexion. Physical examination showed a firm mass over the volar surface of the left index finger.

A clinical audit of the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease in a primary care clinic.

Introduction: This audit was performed to monitor the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) according to the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) of CKD 2018 in a primary care clinic.

Methods: Patients who attended the clinic from April to June 2019 and fulfilled the diagnosis of CKD were included in this study, except for those diagnosed with a urinary tract infection, pregnant women and those on dialysis. These criteria were set based on the CPGs.