Epidemiology, timing, technique, and outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with trauma: a multi-centre retrospective study.

Background: Tracheostomy is performed in patients with trauma who need prolonged ventilation for respiratory failure or airway management. Although it has benefits, such as reduced sedation and easier care, it also has risks. This study explored the unclear timing, technique, and patient selection criteria for tracheostomy in patients with trauma.

Nomogram for predicting in-hospital mortality in trauma patients undergoing resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: a retrospective multicenter study.

Recently, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) had been introduced as an innovative procedure for severe hemorrhage in the abdomen or pelvis. We aimed to investigate risk factors associated with mortality after REBOA and construct a model for predicting mortality. This multicenter retrospective study collected data from 251 patients admitted at five regional trauma centers across South Korea from 2015 to 2022.

Rare complication of skin necrosis after endoscopic debridement and cutaneo-fascial suture for a massive Morel-Lavallée lesion in Korea: a case report.

A Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) is a pathologic fluid collection within an abnormally formed space, resulting from an internal degloving injury between the muscle fascia and subcutaneous fat layer. Due to its resistance to conservative treatments such as drainage or compression dressing, various therapeutic methods have been developed for MLL. However, no standardized guidelines currently exist.

Liver Transplant After Severe Liver Trauma: The First Report in a Korean Adult.

Following a motor-vehicle accident, a 57-year-old man was diagnosed with a grade 4 liver injury (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma organ injury scale) with multiple contrast extravasations. He initially underwent nonoperative management, which included transcatheter arterial embolization. However, he experienced a hemorrhage after the first embo-lization procedure, and so the procedure was repeated.

Endovascular treatment of traumatic iliac venous injury combined with phlegmasia cerulea dolens in Korea: a case report.

Traumatic iliac venous injury is rare but can be fatal. Although surgical management is considered a primary treatment method, urgent treatment is required when deep venous thrombosis and subsequent phlegmasia cerulea dolens is combined. It is difficult to treat by surgical management, and pharmaceutic thrombolysis cannot be applied due to the trauma history.

Successful management of a common carotid artery injury using a Pruitt-F3 Carotid Shunt: a case report.

Penetrating neck injuries are a surgical challenge. In particular, penetrating neck injuries associated with carotid artery injuries have a high mortality rate. Overt external hemorrhage is unanimously considered as an indication for surgical exploration.

A case report of field amputation: the rescue of an entrapped patient through the "doctor car" system.

In certain circumstances, invasive procedures such as creation of a surgical airway, insertion of a chest drain, intraosseous puncture, or amputation in the field are necessary. These invasive procedures can save lives. However, emergency medical service teams cannot perform such procedures according to the law in Korea.

Artificial intelligence to predict in-hospital mortality using novel anatomical injury score.

The aim of the study is to develop artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm based on a deep learning model to predict mortality using abbreviate injury score (AIS). The performance of the conventional anatomic injury severity score (ISS) system in predicting in-hospital mortality is still limited. AIS data of 42,933 patients registered in the Korean trauma data bank from four Korean regional trauma centers were enrolled.

Combined head and abdominal blunt trauma in the hemodynamically unstable patient: What takes priority?

Background: The management of hypotensive patients with severe combined head and abdominal trauma is challenging, regarding the need, timing, and sequence of craniotomy or laparotomy. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether rare situations requiring craniotomy prior to laparotomy can be identified on admission with simple clinical parameters. We hypothesized that hypotension is rarely associated with the need of a combined procedure, especially in patients with mildly depressed consciousness.

Hit by a Train: Injury Burden and Clinical Outcomes.

Background: Few data exist regarding the train vs. pedestrian (TVP) injury burden and outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the epidemiology and outcomes associated with TVP injuries.

Timing and Associated Factors for Sepsis-3 in Severe Trauma Patients: A 3-Year Single Trauma Center Experience.

Background: We hypothesized that the recent change of sepsis definition by sepsis-3 would facilitate the measurement of timing of sepsis for trauma patients presenting with initial systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Moreover, we investigated factors associated with sepsis according to the sepsis-3 definition.

Methods: Trauma patients in a single level I trauma center were retrospectively reviewed from January 2014 to December 2016.

The Age of Undertriage: Current Trauma Triage Criteria Underestimate The Role of Age and Comorbidities in Early Mortality.

Background: National guidelines recommend that prehospital and emergency department (ED) criteria identify patients who might benefit from trauma center triage and highest-level trauma team activation. However, some patients who are seemingly "stable" in the field and do not meet the standard criteria for trauma activation still die.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify these at-risk patients to potentially improve triage algorithms.

Severe Bleeding in Pelvic Fractures: Considerations in Planning Damage Control.

Severe bleeding due to pelvic fractures may require damage control procedures, such as preperitoneal packing. In many cases, preperitoneal packing is performed without full abdominal exploration. There are concerns that such an approach may miss major iliac vascular injuries or other intraabdominal injuries.

Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Trauma Patients: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study of 5 Years' Data at a Single Institution in Korea.

Background: Although there have been many studies dealing with tracheostomy timing in trauma patients, the optimal timing is still being debated. This study aimed to compare outcomes between early tracheostomy (ET) and late tracheostomy (LT) in trauma populations to estimate the optimal timing of tracheostomy after intubation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the 5 years' data of trauma patients who underwent tracheostomy during their acute intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Implementation of Trauma Center and Massive Transfusion Protocol Improves Outcomes for Major Trauma Patients: A Study at a Single Institution in Korea.

Background: This study evaluated the effectiveness and clinical outcomes of the implementation of a trauma center and massive transfusion protocol (TCMTP) in a developing country without a well-established trauma system.

Methods: We included patients (1) aged >15 years, (2) with an Injury Severity Score >15, (3) who received ≥10 units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) within 24 h, (4) who directly visited our institution from 2010 to 2016, and (5) who survived for ≥24 h. Patients treated during the post-TCMTP period (2015-2016) were compared with historical groups treated pre-TCMTP (2010-2012) and interim-TCMTP (2013-2014).

Isolated iliac vascular injuries and outcome of repair versus ligation of isolated iliac vein injury.

Objective: The incidence of morbidity and mortality for iliac vascular injuries in the literature are likely overestimated owing to associated injuries. Data for isolated iliac vascular injuries are very limited. No large studies have reported the incidence of morbidity for repair versus ligation of isolated iliac vein injuries.

Efficacy of Uncross-Matched Type O Packed Red Blood Cell Transfusion to Traumatic Shock Patients: a Propensity Score Match Study.

A new blood bank system was established in our trauma bay, which allowed immediate utilization of uncross-matched type O packed red blood cells (UORBCs). We investigated the efficacy of UORBC compared to that of the ABO type-specific packed red blood cells (ABO RBCs) from before the bank was installed. From March 2016 to February 2017, data from trauma patients who received UORBCs in the trauma bay were compared with those of trauma patients who received ABO RBCs from January 2013 to December 2015.

Negative computed tomography can safely rule out clinically significant intra-abdominal injury in the asymptomatic patient after blunt trauma: Prospective evaluation of 1193 patients.

Background: Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis (CTAP) is highly specific for injury identification and commonly used in the evaluation of blunt trauma patients. Despite this, there is no consensus on the required clinical observation period after negative imaging, often impacting patient flow and hospital cost. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of CTAP after blunt trauma and the need for observation after negative imaging.

Injuries sustained during contact with law enforcement: An analysis from US trauma centers.

Background: Injuries sustained by civilians from interaction with police are a polarizing contemporary sociopolitical issue. Few comprehensive studies have been published using national hospital-based data. The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiology of these injuries to better understand this mechanism of injury.

Optimal timing for repair of peripheral nerve injuries.

Background: Data regarding outcomes after peripheral nerve injuries is limited, and the optimal management strategy for an acute injury is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine timing of repair and specific factors that impact motor-sensory outcomes after peripheral nerve injury.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study.

Intracranial pressure monitoring in severe blunt head trauma: does the type of monitoring device matter?

OBJECTIVE Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring has become the standard of care in the management of severe head trauma. Intraventricular devices (IVDs) and intraparenchymal devices (IPDs) are the 2 most commonly used techniques for ICP monitoring. Despite the widespread use of these devices, very few studies have investigated the effect of device type on outcomes.