Automated motion artifact detection in early pediatric diffusion MRI using a convolutional neural network.

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a widely used method to investigate the microstructure of the brain. Quality control (QC) of dMRI data is an important processing step that is performed prior to analysis using models such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) or neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI). When processing dMRI data from infants and young children, where intra-scan motion is common, the identification and removal of motion artifacts is of the utmost importance.

Dependence of Water-equivalent Diameter and Size-specific Dose Estimates on CT Tube Potential.

Background The size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) is a patient-focused CT dose metric. However, published size-dependent conversion factors () used to calculate SSDE were determined primarily by using phantoms; only eight to 15 patient data sets were used, all at 120 kV. Purpose To determine the effect of different tube potentials on the water-equivalent diameter (WED) and SSDE for patient CT scans of the head, chest, and abdomen.

A Pilot Study to Estimate the Impact of High Matrix Image Reconstruction on Chest Computed Tomography.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to estimate the impact of high matrix image reconstruction on chest computed tomography (CT) compared to standard image reconstruction.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with interstitial or parenchymal lung disease, airway disease, and pulmonary nodules who underwent chest CT. Chest CT images were reconstructed using high matrix (1024 × 1024) or standard matrix (512 × 512), with all other parameters matched.

A Universal Protocol for Abdominal CT Examinations Performed on a Photon-Counting Detector CT System: A Feasibility Study.

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the feasibility of using a universal abdominal acquisition protocol on a photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) system and to compare its performance to that of single-energy (SE) and dual-energy (DE) CT using energy-integrating detectors (EIDs).

Methods: Iodine inserts of various concentrations and sizes were embedded into different sizes of adult abdominal phantoms. Phantoms were scanned on a research PCD-CT and a clinical EID-CT with SE and DE modes.

Dose Reduction for Sinus and Temporal Bone Imaging Using Photon-Counting Detector CT With an Additional Tin Filter.

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantitatively demonstrate radiation dose reduction for sinus and temporal bone examinations using high-resolution photon-counting detector (PCD) computed tomography (CT) with an additional tin (Sn) filter.

Materials And Methods: A multienergy CT phantom, an anthropomorphic head phantom, and a cadaver head were scanned on a research PCD-CT scanner using ultra-high-resolution mode at 100-kV tube potential with an additional tin filter (Sn-100 kV) and volume CT dose index of 10 mGy. They were also scanned on a commercial CT scanner with an energy-integrating detector (EID) following standard clinical protocols.

A simple atomic force microscope-based method for quantifying wear of sliding probes.

Sliding wear is particularly problematic for micro- and nano-scale devices and applications, and is often studied at the small scale to develop practical and fundamental insights. While many methods exist to measure and quantify the wear of a sliding atomic force microscope (AFM) probe, many of these rely on specialized equipment and/or assumptions from continuum mechanics. Here we present a methodology that enables simple, purely AFM-based measurement of wear, in cases where the AFM probe wears to a flat plateau.

High-Resolution Chest Computed Tomography Imaging of the Lungs: Impact of 1024 Matrix Reconstruction and Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a high-resolution photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) system with a 1024×1024 matrix reconstruction can improve the visualization of fine structures in the lungs compared with conventional high-resolution CT (HRCT).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two adult patients referred for clinical chest HRCT (mean CTDI vol, 13.58 mGy) underwent additional dose-matched PCD-CT (mean volume CT dose index, 13.